The master's thesis is divided into three research questions. The method of a comparative case study was applied for the first two research questions. Methodology for a single case study was used for the third research question. Additionally, conceptualization, operationalization, and a brief historical description precede the main research question. The first question focused on comparing the characteristics of the Torrijos and Noriega authoritarian regimes. The second research question analyzed the diplomatic relations of the regimes with the United States. The third research question focused on techniques mentioned in the literature specializing in small states. I tried to find mentions of such techniques during the negotiations about the future of the Panama Canal during the Torrijos era. In relation to the first question, significant differences between the characteristics of the regimes were witnessed. Those were further discovered for the second research question as well. The Torrijos regime had good, intensive diplomatic relations with the United States for the majority of its existence. The Panama Canal Treaties are a testament to the fact. Although Noriega's regime had relatively normal diplomatic relations with the US until 1986. The diplomatic relations deteriorated in a dramatic...

<p>In 1989 the United States choose, after years of conflict, to carry out a military intervention in Panama, to remove Manuel Noriega, convicted for drug dealing and for threatening the lives of the Americans living in Panama. The aim of this study is to examine whether George H. W Bush’s arguments for the military intervention comply with the principles of the just war.</p><p>The method chosen for this study is a qualitative literature study, based primarily on secondary data. It is a case study with two complementing theories, the theory of the just war and the world system theory.</p><p>The result showed that the American intervention both can be justified and unjustified following the principles of the Just War Theory. The World system Theory shows typical signs for a relationship between USA and Panama, built on economic, political and military control.</p>

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de História, 2006. / Submitted by Érika Rayanne Carvalho (carvalho.erika@ymail.com) on 2009-09-26T23:03:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Carolina da Cunha Rocha.pdf: 2071159 bytes, checksum: a6be2a51a9562654a0ca74deb90c6bfc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gomes Neide(nagomes2005@gmail.com) on 2011-02-01T13:10:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Carolina da Cunha Rocha.pdf: 2071159 bytes, checksum: a6be2a51a9562654a0ca74deb90c6bfc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-02-01T13:10:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Carolina da Cunha Rocha.pdf: 2071159 bytes, checksum: a6be2a51a9562654a0ca74deb90c6bfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Esta dissertação visa a compreensão da realocação de ideários europeus e norte-americanos para o contexto hispano-americano de formação dos estados nacionais independentes, na passagem do século XVIII para o início do século XIX, momento em que as correntes de pensamento do Iluminismo fluíam para o universo colonial, tomando-se por base os trabalhos do frei dominicano mexicano Servando Teresa de Mier (1763-1827). Por ter sido testemunha privilegiada, ao percorrer lugares de onde emanavam as ondas reformistas, como a Europa e os Estados Unidos, e após ter sofrido pena de expatriação por oferecer explicação política ao milagre guadalupano, Mier aparece como típico representante criollo, cujo protagonismo alia conceitos da modernidade ilustrada, com seus ideais racionais e científicos, ao arcabouço cultural e espiritual vivido pelo México colonial. Este trabalho discute o limite do alcance das doutrinas iluministas nas obras de frei Servando, sua contribuição para a construção do estado mexicano independente, bem como para a formação da identidade nacional, utilizando-se as categorias históricas de memória, identidade e representação para melhor compreensão deste fenômeno. Conclui-se que o ideário elaborado por frei Servando é expoente hispano-americano da corrente intelectual reformista presente na história ocidental do período analisado e fundamental para a compreensão da História das Idéias na Hispano América. ____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / This dissertation aims at comprehending the changes which took place in the way of thinking in the Hispanic-American context of formation of the national independent states, during the transition from the 18th to the 19th century, when Illuminism ideas reached the colonies, becoming the basis of Mexican priest Servando Teresa de Mier (1763-1827) ideas. For being privileged witness, wandering around places from where reforming forces were strong, like in the United States of America and Europe, and after suffering expatriation for relating political reasons to Guadalupe’s miracle, Mier appears as a typical representation of the criollos, which protagonism associates concepts of the illustrated modernity, with its rational and scientific ideals, to the Colonial Mexico cultural and spiritual background. This work discuss the boundaries of the Illuminist doctrine in the work of Servando, his contribution to the establishment of the Mexican Independent State, as well as to the formation of a national identity making use of the historical categories of memory, identity and representation to explain this phenomenon better. It is concluded that Servando´s ideal is a Hispanic-American exponent of the reformist intellectual trend present in Western history of the period which was analyzed, being essential to the comprehension of the History of Ideas in Hispanic-America. Key words: History of Ideas; Hispanic-America; Illuminism; Independent National State; memory; identity; representation; Servando Teresa de Mier.

In 1989 the United States choose, after years of conflict, to carry out a military intervention in Panama, to remove Manuel Noriega, convicted for drug dealing and for threatening the lives of the Americans living in Panama. The aim of this study is to examine whether George H. W Bush’s arguments for the military intervention comply with the principles of the just war. The method chosen for this study is a qualitative literature study, based primarily on secondary data. It is a case study with two complementing theories, the theory of the just war and the world system theory. The result showed that the American intervention both can be justified and unjustified following the principles of the Just War Theory. The World system Theory shows typical signs for a relationship between USA and Panama, built on economic, political and military control.

No description available.