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The North American representatives of the large, worldwide Geometrid moth genus Scopula Schrank are redefined, redescribed, and illustrated. Of 69 names applied to the North American fauna, 22 are considered valid species, and two subspecies are defined here for the first time. Complete synonymy and references are given. Over 5,400 specimens were borrowed for critical examination, and the types for all species were, if known to exist, examined by the author, or for him by a colleague. Redescriptions were made stressing the individual variability within each species. Features of male and female genitalia were used as well as external characters in assessing relationships. Lectotypes were designated when necessary. A neotype for Phalaena limboundata Haworth was created. A key to the males of North American Scopula is included, as well as drawings of male and female genitalia, photographs of the moths, and a check list to species, subspecies, and junior synonyms. The following nomenclatural changes were made: tawneata Cassino synonymized to aemulata Hulst; responsaria Walker, atomaria Warren, approbata Warren, trias Warren, and trias ab. tincta Warren synonymized to apparitaria Walker; canthema Schaus and hieronyma Prout synonymized to plantagenaria Hulst; umbilicata ab. cugia Schaus and umbilicata var. peruviana Prout synonymized to umbilicata Fabricius; quinqueliniaria Packard and johnstonaria McDunnough (justified emendation of johnsonaria) made subspecies ot junctaria Walker; impunctata Warren and vestalialis Barnes and McDunnough synonymized to junctaria quinquelinearia Packard; quadrilineata Packard resurrected from synonymy, and persimilis Hulst made a junior synonym of it once more; arcticaria Walker removed from synonymy of frigidaria Möschler, and placed in species incertae sedis; supressaria Walker removed from synonymy of inductata Guenée and placed in species incertae sedis; delicata Cassino and oliveata Cassino made junior synonyms of inductata Guenée; subfuscata Taylor placed in synonymy of luteolata Hulst; californiaria Packard and chretieni Barnes and Benjamin placed in synonymy of sideraria Guenée; nigrodiscalis Hulst and quaesitata Hulst placed in species incertae sedis. Apparitaria Walker is applied to the North American fauna for the first time. Siccata McDunnough and septentrionicola McDunnough are recorded for the first time from the United States. / Ph. D.

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The Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona is a peer-reviewed monograph series sponsored by the School of Anthropology. Established in 1959, the series publishes archaeological and ethnographic papers that use contemporary method and theory to investigate problems of anthropological importance in the southwestern United States, Mexico, and related areas.

A study of nutrient intakes was conducted on the Southwest Oregon non-reservation Indian population during June and July of 1980. Participating households were selected by random methods from a Southwest Oregon Indian Health Project listing of Indian households in the six-county area. Twenty-four-hour dietary recalls were obtained by interview method from 504 individuals, representing 226 Indian households; a food frequency questionnaire served as a cross-check. Ages of the participants ranged from 1 to 81 years. The dietary intakes, excluding supplements, of calories, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and ascorbic acid were computer analyzed for 13 age-sex groupings. Mean and median nutrient intakes were compared to the 1980 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) and discussed as meeting 33.3 percent or less of the RDA, meeting 33.4 to 66.6 percent of the RDA, meeting 66.7 to 99.9 percent of the RDA, or meeting the RDA fully. Iron was the nutrient found to be low most often, with children ages 1 to 3 years and females 11 to 50 years having mean intakes from 61 to 87 percent of the 1980 RDA. Calcium intakes were low for all female groups age 11 years and beyond; females 51 years and over had the lowest intakes compared to the 1980 RDA. Mean and median dietary intakes of protein, riboflavin, and niacin were close to or in excess of the appropriate RDA for all age-sex groups. Ascorbic acid and vitamin A were consumed in adequate mean amounts, but there were large numbers of low intakes in some age-sex groups. Data concerning shopping habits, sources of food, food aid, tribal affiliation(s), cooking and refrigeration adequacy, consumption of "traditional" Indian foods, and income were obtained by means of a household questionnaire. A comparison was made between selected demographic factors and Household Diet Scores, which were based on individual nutrient intakes compared to the 1980 RDA. Households which obtained food from a home garden and households which canned or froze food for later use had significantly higher (p [less than or equal to] .05) mean Household Diet Scores than did households which did not have these characteristics. Income levels and the practice of obtaining meat from hunting or from fishing lacked a significant relationship to Household Diet Scores at p [less than or equal to] 0.05. The percentage contributions of carbohydrate, fat, and protein to caloric intakes were: 45 percent from carbohydrate, 39 percent from fat, and 16 percent from protein. In general, the diets of the Southwest Oregon Native American population were found to approximate the diets of the general United States population as reported in the 1977-78 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey in relation to nutrient intakes and caloric sources. / Graduation date: 1982