Bakgrund: Sveriges befolkning blir allt äldre. Det är en stor heterogen grupp i behov av vårdinsatser och ett antal äldre bor idag på särskilda boenden. Det är vanligt förekommande med fysisk och psykisk ohälsa, ensamhet samt bristande social interaktion på särskilda boenden för äldre. Det har tidigare visats att införandet av hundar inom vården kan minska fysisk och psykisk ohälsa samt öka motivation till deltagande i fysioterapi. Syfte: Undersöka och sammanställa vad vetenskaplig littereratur visar angående fysiska, psykiska och sociala hälsoeffekter hos äldre på särskilda boenden vid regelbunden interaktion med vårdhund. Metod: Litteratursökningen genomfördes via databasen PubMed och åtta vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades. Artiklarna granskades via PEDro-skalan i syfte att skatta studiekvaliteten. Evidensstyrkan betygsattes sedan via SBU:s metod GRADE. Resultat: Begränsad evidens har visat sig för effektmåtten depression, apati, ångest, aggression, livskvalité, emotioner och ensamhet. Det har visat sig att djurassisterad terapi med hund har otillräckligt vetenskapligt underlag för effektmåtten energiåtgång, fysisk aktivitet, ADL, vikt, BMI, kognition och social interaktion. Konklusion: Resultatet från denna litteraturstudie visar varierande evidens för djurassisterad terapi med hund. Studien påvisar att djurassisterad terapi med hund kan ha positiv effekt på vissa effektmått hos äldre personer på särskilda boenden. Evidensen är som starkast för psykiska effektmått. Vidare forskning med större väl genomförda studier är relevant för att fortsatt kunna utvärdera effekterna av djurassisterad terapi med hund. / Background: The population of Sweden is getting older. It is a big and heterogeneous group in need of health care and a number of older people are living in a nursing home. It is common with physical and mental disorders, loneliness and lack of social interaction in nursing homes. It is shown that animal assisted therapy with dogs can reduce physical and mental illness and motivate older people to participate in physiotherapy. Objective: Examine and compile evidence of animal assisted therapy with dogs on physical, mental och social function in elderly living in a nursing home. Methods: The search was done in the PubMed database and eight articles became included. The articles were assessed for study quality confirmed by the PEDro scale. The evidence from the articles were assessed confirmed by the SBU GRADE. Results: Limited evidence was shown for that animal asssisted therapy with dogs can improve symptoms of depression, apathy, anxiety, agitation, quality of life, emotions and loneliness. Insufficent evidence was found for energy expenditure, physical activity, ADL, weight, BMI, cognition and social interaction. Conclusions: Results show varying evidence for animal assisted therapy with dogs. This study shows that animal assisted therapy with dogs can improve some limited effects in the population of older people at nursing homes, especially for mental health effects. More well made research with larger groups is indicated to ensure and value these effects.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka vårdpersonalens tillämpning av tvångsmetoder i omvårdnaden av demenssjuka personer på gruppboende. Detta gjordes genom att författarna studerade vilka tvångsmetoder, av vilka anledningar, utifrån vilka åsikter samt vilka alternativa vägar som istället kan tillämpas. För att uppnå syftet genomfördes en kvalitativ litteraturstudie med hjälp av nio vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet visade att vårdpersonal i huvudsak använder tvångsmetoder för den demenssjukes eget bästa. Det framkom även att kunskap och kompetens hos vårdpersonalen är betydelsefullt för i vilken utsträckning som tvångsmetoder används. Studien visade även på vikten av att vårdpersonal överväger alternativa åtgärder till tvångsmetoderna i omvårdnaden av demenssjuka personer. Studiens resultat diskuterades utifrån Carnevalis omvårdnadsmodell. / The aim of this study was to examine how the nursing staff put restraints into practice during treatment of individuals suffering from dementia and living in nursing homes. A qualitative literature review was performed using nine different scientific articles. The authors studied questions which touched up on what restraints the nursing staff are using, in which situations they are used, the attitudes towards the restraints and which alternative measures can be used instead. The results showed that nursing staff principally uses restraints for the person’s own well-being. It was moreover observed that the knowledge and competence of the nursing staff is determining in what extent restraints are used in the dementia care. The study also illuminates the importance of alternative measures to restraints, which should be considered by the nursing staff in the dementia care.

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Yes / An increasing demand for care homes in the UK, has necessitated the evaluation of innovative methods for delivering more effective health care. Videoconferencing may be one way to meet this demand. However, there is a lack of literature on the provision of videoconferencing in England. This mixed-methods study aimed to map current attitudes, knowledge and provision of videoconferencing in the Yorkshire and Humber region of England. Qualitative interviews with care home managers, a scoping review and field notes from a Special Interest Group (SIG) informed the development of a descriptive convenience survey which was sent out to care home managers in the Yorkshire and Humber region of England. The survey had a 14% (n = 124) response rate. Of those who responded, 10% (n = 12) reported using videoconferencing for health care; with over 78% (n = 97) of respondents’ care homes being based in urban areas. Approximately 62% (n = 77) of the 124 respondents had heard of videoconferencing for health care provision. Of those who reported not using videoconferencing (n = 112), 39% (n = 48) said they would consider it but would need to know more. The top ranked reason for not introducing videoconferencing was the belief that residents would not be comfortable using videoconferencing to consult with a healthcare professional. The main reason for implementation was the need for speedier access to services. Those already using videoconferencing rated videoconferencing overall as being very good (50%) (n = 6) or good (42%) (n = 5). Those who were not using it in practice appeared sceptical before implementing videoconferencing. The main driver of uptake was the home’s current access to and satisfaction with traditionally delivered health care services. / The Abbeyfield Research Foundation, grant number 2

This study examined the effects of volunteer counselor training (empathy training versus information only) and age of volunteer (senior citizens versus adolescents) upon depression level of nursing home residents. Results showed that residents who received a volunteer counselor significantly improved (p < .01) in level of depression compared to the no volunteer control group. The empathy trained counselors were not significantly more effective than the information only group. The age of the. volunteer counselor was found not to be a significant variable.