by Frances Kam Yuet Wong. / Title also in Chinese. / Thesis (M.A.Ed.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaves 73-76.

Maggie Kong. / Thesis (MA.Ed)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1974. / Bibliography: leaves 47-48. / LIST OF TABLES --- p.VI / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.VII / Chapter I. --- PROBLEM --- p.1 / Problem Statement / Related Literature / Definitions / Chapter II . --- METHOD --- p.7 / Sampling / Instrument / Procedures in Test Development / Data Analysis / Chapter III. --- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION --- p.21 / Test Reliability / Test Validity / Item Analysis / Test Revision / Test Interpretation / Chapter IV. --- SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.43 / Summary / Limitations / Recommendations / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.47 / APPENDICES --- p.49

by Lee Chun Heung. / Publication date from spine. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-121). / "Interview transcript" also in Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / abstract --- p.ii / list of contents --- p.iv / list of tables --- p.vi / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- introduction --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- review of the literature --- p.4 / Background to the study --- p.4 / Theoretical perspectives underpinning professional nursing education --- p.12 / Educational concepts relevant to nurse education --- p.14 / Research questions --- p.26 / Purposes of the study --- p.27 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- research method --- p.28 / Research approach --- p.28 / Data collection method --- p.30 / Selection of informants --- p.31 / Preliminary interviews --- p.33 / Pilot study --- p.35 / Gaining access and data collection --- p.36 / "Transcription, translation and back translation" --- p.39 / Data analysis --- p.42 / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- findings --- p.49 / Themes/issues emerged from structural analysis --- p.52 / Findings of content analysis --- p.74 / Comparison of the results of structural and content analysis --- p.78 / Summary of the major findings --- p.81 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- LIMITATIONS AND DISCUSSION --- p.84 / The quality of student nurses' clinical practice experience --- p.86 / The ward learning environment --- p.95 / Conclusion --- p.104 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- "CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS AND QUESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH" --- p.107 / Conclusion --- p.107 / Implications --- p.108 / Questions for further research --- p.112 / REFERENCES --- p.114 / APPENDIX 1 SYLLABUS OF SUBJECTS FOR THE EXAMINATION FOR THE CERTIFICATE OF REGISTERED GENERAL NURSE --- p.122 / APPENDIX 2 OPEN DIALOGUE OF THE INTERVIEW --- p.125 / APPENDIX 3 INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT (ENGLISH) --- p.126 / INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT (CHINESE) --- p.129 / INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT (BACK TRANSLATION) --- p.135 / APPENDIX 4 LETTER FOR APPROVAL --- p.139 / APPENDIX 5 LETTER FOR STUDENTS --- p.140 / APPENDIX 6 CONSENT FORM (ENGLISH) --- p.141 / CONSENT FORM (CHINESE) --- p.142

by Yung Ha-ping, Hilary. / Questionnaire also in Chinese. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-101). / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.viii / CHAPTER / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Bacground of the Study --- p.1 / Significance of the Study --- p.4 / Purpose of the Study --- p.5 / Chapter 2. --- REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK / Role Conception / Role --- p.6 / Role Conception --- p.7 / Nursing Role Conception --- p.8 / Role Discrepancy --- p.9 / Change of Role Conception --- p.10 / Socilaisation and Role Conception --- p.11 / Socialisation of Baccalaureate Degree Students --- p.12 / Socialisation of Hospital-based Certificate Students --- p.13 / Nursing and Ethics --- p.14 / Ethical Dilemma --- p.15 / Code of Ethics --- p.16 / Moral Development --- p.17 / Moral Reasoning and Moral Behaviour --- p.18 / Decision-making Framework --- p.20 / Ethical Decision-making in Nursing --- p.21 / Ethical Decision-making and Work Environment --- p.23 / Ethical Decision-making and Role Conception --- p.24 / Ethical Decision-making and Education --- p.25 / Learning Climate / Concept of Organizational Climate --- p.26 / Organizational Climate and Leadership --- p.28 / Ward Learning Climate --- p.28 / Ward Teaching and Learning --- p.30 / Role of Ward Staff and School Tutor in Ward Teaching --- p.31 / Role of ward Sister in Ward Teaching --- p.32 / "Relationship among Role Conception, Ethical Decision- Making and Ward Learning Climate" --- p.34 / Chapter 3. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / Design of the Study --- p.38 / Hypotheses --- p.38 / Definitions --- p.39 / Subjects --- p.40 / Procedure --- p.42 / Instruments --- p.42 / Analysis Design --- p.50 / Chapter 4. --- RESULTS / Demographic Characteristics --- p.52 / Differences in Role Conception Types --- p.53 / Differences in Discrepancy Role Conception --- p.60 / Differences in Ethical Decision-making --- p.63 / Differences in Perception of Ward Learning Climate --- p.66 / "Relationship among Ethical Decision-making, Role Conception and Learning Climate" --- p.69 / Chapter 5. --- DISCUSSION / Differences in Professional Role Conception --- p.75 / Differences in Bureaucratic Role Conception --- p.79 / Differences in Service Role Conception --- p.80 / Differences in Ethical Decision-making --- p.81 / Differences in Perception of Ward Learning Climate --- p.83 / "Relationship among Ethical Decision-making, Role Conception and Learning Climate" --- p.84 / Limitations --- p.87 / Chapter 6. --- "CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS" / Conclusion --- p.88 / Implications and Recommendations --- p.89 / Suggestions for Further Research --- p.90 / REFERENCES --- p.91 / APPENDICES / Chapter I. --- Code for Nurses --- p.102 / Chapter II. --- Letter of Request for Approval --- p.103 / Chapter III. --- Questionnaire Instruction --- p.104 / Chapter IV. --- Letter to Students --- p.105 / Chapter V. --- Consent Form --- p.106 / Chapter VI. --- Demographic Data --- p.107 / Chapter VII. --- Nursing Role Conception Inventory --- p.108 / Chapter VIII(A). --- Opinion About Nursing (Role Conception Questionnaire) --- p.110 / Chapter VIII(B). --- Opinion About Nursing - Chinese Version --- p.115 / Chapter IX(A). --- Judgment About Nursing Decision (JAND) (Ethical Decision-making Qusetionnaire) --- p.118 / Chapter IX(B). --- Judgment About Nursing Decision (JAND) -Chinese Version --- p.125 / Chapter X. --- Ward Learning Climate Indicators --- p.132 / Chapter XI(A). --- Ward Learning Climate Questionnaire --- p.135 / Chapter XI(B). --- Ward Learning Climate Questionnaire -Chinese Version --- p.138 / Chapter XII. --- Narrative Responses --- p.140

Chan Lai-hung. / Thesis submitted in: December 2000. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-136). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Abstract / English version --- p.v / Chinese version --- p.vii / Chapter Chapter One --- INTRODUCTION / Background --- p.1 / Maternity care practice in Hong Kong --- p.4 / Purpose of the study --- p.4 / Significance of the study --- p.5 / Organization of the thesis --- p.5 / Chapter Chapter Two --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Introduction --- p.6 / Conceptual theories of patient satisfaction --- p.7 / The importance of labour experience in a woman's life --- p.10 / Studies about women satisfaction during childbirth --- p.13 / Cultural influence to the woman satisfaction --- p.16 / Measuring woman satisfaction in labour --- p.19 / Conclusion --- p.21 / Chapter Chapter Three --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / Research design --- p.22 / The setting --- p.23 / The sampling --- p.24 / Data collection / Data collection procedure --- p.25 / Data collection method --- p.26 / Interview schedule --- p.29 / Data management technique --- p.30 / Data analysis / Definition of content analysis --- p.31 / Steps involved in content analysis --- p.32 / Trustworthiness and credibility of the study / Sampling --- p.35 / Data collection method / interview schedule --- p.36 / data collection: time & place --- p.36 / Credibility of the research as the instrument in the study --- p.37 / Increasing credibility of data analysis by discussion --- p.38 / Ethical issues of the study / Official approval for the study --- p.38 / Confidentiality --- p.39 / Informed consent --- p.39 / Handling complaint from participants --- p.40 / Conclusion --- p.41 / Chapter Chapter Four --- FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION OF THE STUDY / Demographic information of the participants --- p.44 / The author's experience about interview --- p.44 / Sense of security : core component of women satisfaction --- p.45 / The components of satisfaction with care during labour / Chapter 1. --- Companionship / Chapter 1.1 . --- husband as a companion --- p.49 / Chapter 1.2. --- midwife as a companion --- p.59 / Chapter 2. --- Information and guidance support --- p.63 / Chapter 3. --- Competence & attitude of the caregivers / Chapter 3.1. --- supportive attitude : encouragement --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2. --- competence of the caregivers --- p.74 / Chapter 3.3. --- caring attitude of the caregivers --- p.77 / Chapter 4. --- Physical comfort / Chapter 4.1 . --- "providing warmth, avoid 'cold'" --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2. --- perineal wound care --- p.85 / Chapter 4.3. --- pain management --- p.87 / Chapter 5. --- Outcome of labour / Chapter 5.1. --- seeing a healthy baby --- p.93 / Chapter 5.2. --- the labour process --- p.96 / Chapter 6. --- Environment & facilities --- p.103 / The midwife-client relationship: A trusting relationship --- p.106 / Conclusion --- p.112 / Chapter Chapter Five --- "SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MIDWIFERY PRACTICE, EDUCATION AND RESEARCH" / Summary of the findings --- p.113 / Limitation of the study --- p.118 / Recommendations / Midwifery practices --- p.119 / Education --- p.120 / Further research --- p.121 / Personal implications --- p.122 / Conclusion --- p.123 / REFERENCE --- p.124 / APPENDICES / Chapter A. --- Demographic Data Sheet --- p.137 / Chapter B. --- Interview Fieldnote Record --- p.138 / Chapter C. --- Interview Schedule --- p.139 / Chapter D. --- Demographic Data of the Participants --- p.140 / Chapter E. --- "Approval letter from Clinical Research Ethics Committee, The Chinese University of Hong Kong" --- p.141 / Chapter F. --- "Approval letter from Central Nursing Division, The public hospital." --- p.142 / Chapter G. --- "Approval letter from Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, The public hospital" --- p.143 / Chapter H. --- Informed Consent from the Participant (English & Chinese version) --- p.144-145 / Chapter I. --- Subject Information Sheet for the Participants (English & Chinese version) --- p.146-147 / Chapter J. --- Transcription of a interview --- p.148-155

by Lee Kit Ming. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-207). / Abstract --- p.i-ii / Acknowledgment --- p.iii / Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1. --- Background to the Study --- p.1-6 / Chapter 1.2 --- Aims and Objectives of the Study --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Questions --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4 --- Significance of the Study --- p.9-10 / Chapter 1.5 --- Definition of Terms --- p.11 / Chapter Chapter Two --- Literature Review / Chapter 2.1 --- Nature of Change --- p.12-15 / Chapter 2.2 --- Approaches to Implementation Studies --- p.16-18 / Chapter 2.3 --- Factors Influencing Implementation --- p.19-42 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Factors Related to the Characteristics of the Innovation / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Factors Related to Teachers / Chapter 2.3.3 --- "Factors Related to the Principal, Local and External Facilitators" / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Factors Related to the Adopting School / Chapter Chapter Three --- The Background and Nature of the Innovation / Chapter 3.1 --- Existing Three-Year Hospital-Based Certificate Programme --- p.43-50 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- The Characteristics of the Curriculum / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Inadequacies of the Three-Year Hospital-based Certificate Programme / Chapter 3.2 --- A Need for Change --- p.51 -63 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Traditional Approach to Care / Chapter 3.2.2 --- The Nursing Process : A New Approach of Patient Care / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Differences Between Traditional Approach of Care and the Nursing Process Approach of Care / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Abilities Required to Practising the Nursing Process / Chapter 3.2.5 --- A New Curriculum is Required for the Practice of the Nursing Process / Chapter 3.3 --- The Curriculum Innovation in a School of Nursing --- p.64-73 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Introduction / Chapter 3.3.2 --- The Promotion and Adoption of the New Curriculum / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Characteristics of the New Curriculum / Chapter Chapter Four --- Research Design / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.74-75 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Research Strategy - A Qualitative Case Study --- p.76-84 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- A Qualitative Strategy / Chapter 4.2.2 --- A Case Study Approach / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Techniques for Data Collection / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Data Collection Procedures / Chapter 4.3 --- Data Collection --- p.85-112 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Training and Pilot Work on Interviewing and Observation Skills / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Data Collection / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Data Analysis and Interpretation / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Some Methodological Issues / Chapter Chapter Five --- Implemented Curriculum / Chapter 5.1 --- Teaching and Learning Activities --- p.113 -122 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Introduction / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Characteristics of Classroom Teaching / Chapter 5.2 --- The Teaching Content --- p.123-132 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Introduction / Chapter 5 .2.2 --- The Concept of Total Patient Care / Chapter 5.2.3 --- The Application of the Nursing Process Steps / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Involvement of the Patient / Chapter Chapter Six --- Factors Influencing the Implementation / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.133-136 / Chapter 6.2 --- Factors Related to the Characteristics of the New Curriculum --- p.137 -143 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Practicality / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Complexity / Chapter 6.3 --- Factors Related to the Hospital System --- p.144 -160 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Enormous Gap Between Theory and Practice / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Over Emphasis on Students' Worker Role / Chapter 6.4 --- Factor Related to the Hong Kong Nursing Board Examination System --- p.161-166 / Chapter 6.5 --- Factors Related to the School --- p.167 -181 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- Lack of Time / Chapter 6.5.2 --- Lack of Resources and Support / Chapter 6.5.3 --- Insufficient Collaboration Among Teachers / Chapter Chapter Seven --- Discussion and Recommendations / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.182 / Chapter 7.2 --- Major Problems and Recommendations --- p.183 -194 / Chapter 7.3 --- Conclusion --- p.195-196 / Bibliography --- p.196-207 / Appendix 1 The Purposes and Questions of Interviews --- p.209 -212 / Appendix 2 Classroom Observation Checklist --- p.213 -214 / Appendix 3 Levels and Number of Students Interviewed --- p.215 / Appendix 4 Characteristics of the Clinical Nurses Interviewed --- p.216-217 / Appendix 5 Major Duties of Student in a Local Hospital --- p.218 / Appendix 6 Analysis of the Hong Kong Nursing Board (Part I) Registration Examination Papers --- p.219 -226 / Appendix 7 Staff Development and In-service Training Programmes in the Period of Study (1991-1993) --- p.227 -230 / Appendix 8 Curriculum Document --- p.231 -248

Kang, Jong Hyuk David. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.

Tsang Kam Wing, Edwin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-151). / Abstracts in English and Chinese ; questionnaire also in Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Anatomy and Physiology of Knee --- p.6 / Anatomy and Physiology of Knee Osteoarthritis --- p.8 / Clinical KOA in Older Persons --- p.10 / Consequence of Clinical KOA --- p.13 / Management of Clinical KOA --- p.15 / Role of Knee Exercise in Clinical KOA --- p.18 / Goal of Treatment of Clinical KOA --- p.18 / Function of Knee Exercise --- p.18 / Physiological and Psychological Effect of Knee Exercise --- p.21 / Knee Exercise for Clinical KOA --- p.23 / Knee Exercise for Older Persons --- p.25 / Role of Health Education for Treatment of Clinical KOA --- p.27 / Community Nurse-Led Care for Clinical KOA --- p.29 / Nurse-Led Care in Community --- p.31 / Summary --- p.37 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- method --- p.39 / Aim and Hypotheses of the Study --- p.39 / Aim of the Study --- p.39 / Objectives of the Study --- p.40 / Null Hypotheses --- p.40 / Research Design --- p.42 / Diagnostic Criteria of Clinical KOA --- p.43 / Sample --- p.44 / Inclusion Criteria --- p.45 / Exclusion Criteria --- p.45 / Sample Size --- p.45 / Sample Recruitment --- p.47 / Intervention: community nurse-led protocol for clinical KOA --- p.48 / Treatment group --- p.49 / Control Group --- p.50 / Data Collection Procedure --- p.54 / Pre-test Assessment --- p.54 / Post-test Assessment --- p.55 / Outcome Measures --- p.56 / Disease-Specific Health Status Assessment: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index: Hong Kong VA 3.0- Cantonese ( WO MAC) --- p.56 / Score management and Interpretation --- p.58 / General health status assessment: the Chinese ( HK) Version of the Medical Outcome Survey ( MOS SF-36 ) --- p.60 / Score management and Interpretation --- p.62 / Specific physical function Assessment --- p.68 / Chair Rising --- p.68 / Timed performance test of mobility --- p.68 / Data Analysis --- p.69 / Ethical Consideration --- p.70 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- RESULTS --- p.71 / Subjects Characteristics --- p.71 / Demographic Profile --- p.72 / Baseline Assessment --- p.77 / Normality of Study Outcome --- p.84 / "Treatment Effect on WOMAC, MOS SF-36 and Specific Physical Function" --- p.86 / Disease-specific health status ( WOMAC) --- p.86 / General health status (MOS SF-36) --- p.88 / MOS SF-36 Reported-Health Transition --- p.93 / Specific Physical Function Performance --- p.95 / Chair-rise --- p.97 / Comfort-walk --- p.98 / Fast-walk --- p.99 / Documentation of the Treatment Process --- p.99 / Summary --- p.103 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION --- p.104 / Disease-specific Health Status --- p.106 / General Health Status --- p.108 / Pain and Physical Function Performances --- p.111 / MOS SF-36 Versus WOMAC --- p.114 / Service Collaboration --- p.118 / Effectiveness of the Protocol --- p.121 / Limitation --- p.125 / Recommendations and Implications for Future Studies --- p.133 / Implication to Practice --- p.139 / Conclusion --- p.142 / REFERENCES --- p.145 / APPENDIX I --- p.152 / Community Nurse-Led Protocol for Clinical Knee Osteoarthritis in Older Persons --- p.152 / HEALTH EDUCATION --- p.154 / Home Exercise --- p.154 / Daily Activities Involving the Knee Joints --- p.154 / Sitting and Stretching Exercise --- p.155 / Strengthening Exercise --- p.156 / APPENDIX II --- p.159 / Community Nurse-Led Protocol for Clinical Knee Osteoarthritis in Older Persons ( Chinese ) --- p.159 / 骨關節炎家居運動治療的健康教育 --- p.160 / 家居運動治療須知 --- p.160 / 影響膝蓋關節的日常活動包括 --- p.161 / 坐式伸展運動練習 --- p.161 / 張力運動練習 --- p.164 / APPENDIX III --- p.167 / Western Ontario and Mcmaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index： Hong Kong 226}0ؤ ( Questions in English ) --- p.167 / APPENDIX IV --- p.171 / Western Ontario and Mcmaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index： Hong Kong - Cantonese --- p.171 / APPENDIX V --- p.178 / Medical Outcome Survey SF-36 (MOS SF 226}0ؤ 36) ( English Version ) --- p.178 / APPENDIX VI --- p.184 / 簡明健康狀況調查表（MOS SF-36) --- p.184 / APPENDIX VII --- p.190 / Community-Based-Care of the --- p.190 / Usual Home-Help Teams --- p.190 / APPENDIX VIII --- p.192 / """Information on Right & Obligatiońح and" --- p.192 / """Consent Form""" --- p.192 / APPENDIX IX --- p.203 / Research Schedule --- p.203 / APPENDIX X --- p.205 / Letter for Institutional Approval for the Study --- p.205

by Frances Kam Yuet Wong. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 276-290). / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.i / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.ii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.iii / ABSTRACT --- p.iv / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND RELATED LITERATURE / Chapter 1.1 --- The research problem --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Related literature review --- p.8 / Section I / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Sociology of work --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Sociology of profession --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Change of social structure in a post-industrial society --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- A new labouring process and control of work --- p.23 / Section II / Chapter 1.2.5 --- The health care system --- p.26 / Chapter 1.2.6 --- The reconceptualization of nursing --- p.30 / Chapter 1.2.6.1 --- Proletarianization of nursing --- p.30 / Chapter 1.2.6.2 --- Professionalization in nursing --- p.32 / Chapter 1.2.7 --- Nursing education --- p.37 / Chapter 1.2.8 --- The nursing labour process --- p.43 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / Chapter 2.1 --- Research methodology --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2 --- Data collection --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Documents --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Interviews --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Participant observation --- p.53 / Chapter 2.3 --- Data analysis --- p.54 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Extended case method --- p.54 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Participant observation --- p.56 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Treatment of data --- p.60 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- MICROLEVEL -WORK OF FRONTLINE NURSES / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.64 / Chapter 3.2 --- Areas of work of frontline nurses at ward level --- p.70 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Patient care --- p.70 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Student supervision --- p.74 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Staff development --- p.75 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Ward in-charge --- p.75 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Ward projects --- p.77 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Ward resource management --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3 --- Dynamics of work transformation at microlevel nursing practice --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- A new division of nursing labour --- p.79 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- The HA policy --- p.84 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Medical dominance --- p.87 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Development of the profession of nursing in hospitals --- p.90 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.92 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- The nexus between profession and work --- p.92 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Professionalization and proletarianization of nursing --- p.94 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- The changing scene of medical dominance --- p.98 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- MESOLEVEL - WORK OF NURSES IN MIDDLE MANAGEMENT / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2 --- Areas of work of nurse managers at mesolevel --- p.107 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Patient care --- p.107 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Student supervision --- p.108 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Staff development --- p.109 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Operational and resource management --- p.110 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Communication --- p.112 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Planning and quality improvement --- p.115 / Chapter 4.3 --- Dynamics involved in the work of nurses at the mesolevel --- p.119 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- A clear establishment of the status of nurse managers --- p.119 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- The nurse as a manager --- p.123 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- The attenuation of medical power by management forces --- p.129 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Management practice based on negotiation and rationality --- p.134 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.137 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- The Professional-Managerial Class (PMC) --- p.140 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- The emergence of a new class of nurse elite - the nurse managers --- p.143 / Chapter 4.4.2.1 --- Production of nursing care and its reproduction --- p.144 / Chapter 4.4.2.2 --- Control of the means of production --- p.146 / Chapter 4.4.2.3 --- Ideological proletarianization --- p.148 / Chapter 4.4.2.4 --- Negotiation - guanxi and rational-legal authority --- p.149 / Chapter 4.4.2.5 --- The affinity between nursing and management --- p.152 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- MESOLEVEL - WORK OF NURSE SPECIALISTS / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.156 / Chapter 5.2 --- Areas of work of nurse specialists (NS) at mesolevel --- p.160 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Client care --- p.160 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Project work --- p.164 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Staff development --- p.165 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Research --- p.166 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Management and communication --- p.168 / Chapter 5.3 --- Dynamics involved in the work of nurses at this mesolevel --- p.169 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Removal of NS's accountability from the management hierarchy --- p.170 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- The NS Referral --- p.173 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- The emergence of a new class of nurse elite - the Nurse Specialists --- p.180 / Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.185 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Legitimation of the work of the Nurse Specialists in the hospital --- p.185 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Differentiation of nursing practice - Advanced Nursing Practice --- p.192 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- MACROLEVEL - HOSPITAL AUTHORITY AT WORK / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.197 / Chapter 6.2 --- The work of the nurse executive in hospital --- p.198 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Human resource management and staff development --- p.202 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Management of departments and hospitals --- p.203 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Quality improvement --- p.205 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Research and professional development --- p.207 / Chapter 6.2.5 --- Communication --- p.209 / Chapter 6.3 --- The direction of nursing work at the level of hospital authority --- p.210 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Overall nursing direction and development --- p.213 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Nursing role delineation and work redesign --- p.215 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Recruitment and retention of Nurses --- p.223 / Chapter 6.3.4 --- New direction for nursing education --- p.225 / Chapter 6.4 --- Discussion --- p.228 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Corporatization of health care system in Hong Kong --- p.229 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- The control of nursing labour process --- p.233 / Chapter 6.4.3 --- Regulation of nursing through education --- p.237 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.249 / Chapter 7.2 --- The nexus of profession and work --- p.250 / Chapter 7.3 --- Charting a pathway for nursing towards the twenty-first century --- p.258 / Chapter 7.4 --- A micro-meso-macro approach of social analysis --- p.269 / Chapter 7.5 --- Practical implications of the study --- p.271 / Chapter 7.6 --- Limitations of the study --- p.273 / REFERENCES --- p.276 / APPENDICES / Chapter 1 --- Abbreviations --- p.291 / Chapter 2 --- Interview guide --- p.292 / Chapter 3 --- A sample of appointment specification of HCA --- p.293 / Chapter 4 --- A sample of appointment specification of RN --- p.294 / Chapter 5 --- A sample of appointment specification of NO --- p.295 / Chapter 6 --- A sample of appointment specification of NS --- p.296 / Chapter 7 --- A sample of appointment specification of WM --- p.297 / Chapter 8 --- A sample of appointment specification of DOM --- p.298 / Chapter 9 --- A sample of appointment specification of GMN --- p.299 / Chapter 10 --- Nursing strategies: Towards the year2000 --- p.300

背景: 公共健康護理在香港的演變可以追溯到二十世紀三十年代，但公共衛生護士的培訓卻自一九五四年才正式開始。由於在此領域工作的護士人數相對比醫院護士少，因而令公共衛生護士的貢獻較不明顯。本研究旨在揭示公共衛生護士於一九五四年至二零一零年期間經歷了文化，社會，經濟和政治的變化後在母嬰健康院的發展。研究目的: 檢視公共健康護理的特點，並對公共健康護理在母嬰健康院的工作和改變進行分析，以確定對公共健康護理在母嬰健康院的發展有重大影響的事件和原因。研究方法: 使用研究歷史的方法，重新審視公共衛生護士的經驗。主要研究數據來源是收集退休公共衛生護士和醫療及護理行政人員的口述歷史。輔助數據來源則包括政府文件，個人筆記，照片和剪報。共有37名受訪者同意接受訪問，其中包括六名行政人員和三十一名退休公共衛生護士，年齡由五十多歲到九十歲。研究員以面對面訪談方法收集口述歷史。並以內容分析法處理所得資料。研究結果: 研究結果描繪公共健康護理有六大特點，包括其分類，護理文化，服務重點，健康教育和健康促進的功能，以及展現出護理的藝術和科學。研究結果表明，文化，社會，經濟，政治因素和社會上的重大事件影響了公共健康護理。其中不明顯和被貶值的公共健康護理服務，醫療優勢和行政影響，公共衛生和公共健康護理的意識形態，作為政府人員和公共健康護士的培訓等專業問題影響了公共衛生護士在香港的地位和護理專業。在這項研究中收集的數據也揭露了香港公共健康護理的發展是密切跟隨公共健康的變化，其發展可分為三個階段:從一九五四年到一九七零年是公共健康護理的演化期一九七零年至一九八零年間是靜態期，而一九九零年至二零一零年則是變化期。研究結論和含義: 公共健康護士需要擴大知識和技能，促進專業自主，推行以實證為基礎的護理並記錄護理成果。歷史研究可以幫助解釋過去和加強理解現狀；而歷史對護理亦提供了重大貢獻。 / Background: The evolution of public health nursing in Hong Kong can be traced back to the 1930s but formal training of public health nurses only commenced in 1954. However, as the number of nurses working in this field was small in comparison with hospital nurses, their practice and contribution is largely unknown. Aim: This study aims to reveal the developments in public health nursing practice in Maternal and Child Health Centres (MCHC) from 1954 to 2010. Objectives of this study include examining the characteristics of public health nursing practice and analysing the changes in public health nursing practice in MCHC, as well as identifying the significant events and factors that influenced its development. Methods: The historical research method was adopted to examine the public health nurses’ experiences. The primary data source was derived from the collected oral histories of retired public health nurses and medical and nursing administrators. The secondary data source was obtained from a review of government documents, personal notes, photographs and newspaper cuttings. In total, thirty-seven informants, including six administrators and thirty-one retired public health nurses were interviewed, ranging in age from late 50s to early 90s. Oral histories were taken from face-to-face interviews with these informants. Content analysis was used to analyse the collected information. Results: The study findings depict six characteristics of public health nursing, including its category, nursing culture, focus of service, health education and health promotion function, and the presentation of art and science in practice. Findings also demonstrate the developments and practice of the public health nursing was influenced by cultural, social, economical and political factors and events. In addition, several important professional issues affect the status and professional identity of public health nurses, among them the invisibility of the service and its devalued status, medical dominance and administrative influence, the ideology of public health and public health nursing in Hong Kong, the impact of working for the government and the preparation of public health nurses. Data collected in this study also disclose how developments in public health nursing in Hong Kong closely followed the changes in public health in which the development can be divided in three phases: the evolution of public health nursing from 1954 to 1970s, the static period from 1970s to 1980s and the period of changes from 1990s to 2010. Implications and Conclusions: Public health nurses are suggested to expand their knowledge and skills to further their autonomy, promote evidence-based practice and document nursing outcomes. The study also demonstrates that historical study can help to interpret the past and enhance understanding of the present. History has much to contribute to nursing. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Foong, Mary. / Thesis (D.Nurs.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 293-310). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese; appendix H in Chinese. / APPENDICES --- p.xiii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xiv / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xv / CHAPTER ONE / INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Aims and objectives of the study --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Significance of the study --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Overview of this thesis --- p.4 / CHAPTER TWO / LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Literature search --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Public health and related terms --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Definition of public health --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1.1 --- Characteristics of public health --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Public health in Hong Kong --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Definition of community health --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3 --- Public health nursing and related terms --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Definition and characteristics of public health nursing --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Definition of community health nursing --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Public health nursing versus community health nursing --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Differentiation from setting of practice --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Differentiation from focus of practice --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3.3.3 --- Differentiation from context --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4 --- Public health nursing and community health nursing in different countries --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Public health nursing and community health nursing in the United States --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Public health nursing and community health nursing in Canada --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Public health nursing and community health nursing in the United Kingdom --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Public health nursing and community health nursing in Asia --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Public health nursing in Hong Kong --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Lesson learned from the differences of public health nursing practice around the world --- p.24 / Chapter 2.5 --- Nursing, history and the history of nursing --- p.25 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- The value of history and nursing history --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- The general value of history --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- The general value of nursing history --- p.27 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- The value of studying nursing history --- p.27 / Chapter 2.5.5 --- The value of nursing history as suggested by scholars --- p.28 / Chapter 2.5.6 --- The tools to study history --- p.29 / Chapter 2.5.6.1 --- The use of historical research to study history --- p.30 / Chapter 2.5.6.2 --- Standard of historical research --- p.31 / Chapter 2.6 --- Literature review and critique of the previous historical studies --- p.32 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Summary of the review --- p.45 / Chapter 2.7 --- Conclusion of this chapter --- p.48 / CHAPTER THREE / METHODOLOGY --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1 --- Rationale of selecting a qualitative research method --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2 --- The choice of qualitative method historical research --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3 --- The importance of primary and secondary data sources --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4 --- The relevancy of adopting oral history as the main research strategy and its issues --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- An overview of oral history --- p.53 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Definitions on oral history --- p.53 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Virtues of oral history --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Issues related to oral history --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Differences between oral history and other qualitative studies --- p.58 / Chapter 3.5 --- Secondary data sources --- p.59 / Chapter 3.6 --- Research procedures --- p.61 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Ethical consideration and ethical review --- p.61 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Informed consent --- p.61 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Sampling method --- p.62 / Chapter 3.6.3.1 --- The use of purposive sampling in qualitative research --- p.63 / Chapter 3.6.3.2 --- The determination of sample size and sample units --- p.63 / Chapter 3.6.3.3 --- Selection of participants --- p.65 / Chapter 3.6.3.3.1 --- Consideration of choosing the retired participants. --- p.66 / Chapter 3.6.3.4 --- Recruitment of participants --- p.66 / Chapter 3.6.3.4.1 --- The sampling process --- p.67 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Data collection method --- p.67 / Chapter 3.6.4.1 --- Collection of primary data --- p.67 / Chapter 3.6.4.1.1 --- Sequence of interview --- p.68 / Chapter 3.6.4.1.2 --- Setting for interview --- p.68 / Chapter 3.6.4.1.3 --- The process of collecting oral histories --- p.69 / Chapter 3.6.4.1.4 --- Strategies for avoiding personal bias --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.4.2 --- Collection of secondary data --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.4.3 --- Data handling and record keeping --- p.73 / Chapter 3.6.4.3.1 --- Handling of primary data --- p.74 / Chapter 3.6.4.3.2 --- Handling of secondary data --- p.74 / Chapter 3.6.5 --- Data analysis --- p.75 / Chapter 3.6.5.1 --- The adoption of content analysis --- p.75 / Chapter 3.6.5.2 --- Process of content analysis --- p.76 / Chapter 3.6.5.2.1 --- Analysis of the primary data --- p.76 / Chapter 3.6.5.2.2 --- Analysis of secondary data --- p.78 / Chapter 3.6.5.2.3 --- Linking the primary and secondary data --- p.79 / Chapter 3.7 --- Rigour of the study --- p.80 / Chapter 3.7.1 --- Quality issues related to qualitative research --- p.80 / Chapter 3.7.2 --- Strategies to enhance the rigour of the study --- p.81 / Chapter 3.7.2.1 --- Strategies applied to ensure credibility --- p.82 / Chapter 3.7.2.2 --- Strategies applied to ensure confirmability --- p.83 / Chapter 3.7.2.3 --- Strategies applied to ensure dependability --- p.84 / Chapter 3.7.2.4 --- Strategies applied to ensure transferability --- p.85 / Chapter 3.8 --- The pilot study --- p.85 / Chapter 3.9 --- Conclusion of this chapter --- p.87 / CHAPTER FOUR / FINDINGS --- p.89 / Chapter 4.1 --- Framework of data handling and presentation --- p.90 / Chapter 4.2 --- Characteristics of the participants --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3 --- The evolution of public health nurses - 1950s --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Data collected from secondary data source --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.1.1 --- Significant events in the community --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.1.2 --- The MCHC service --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.1.3 --- The public health nurses --- p.98 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Oral histories from the public health nurses --- p.102 / Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.103 / Chapter 4.3.2.1.1 --- Scope of training --- p.103 / Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- Selection of the public health field --- p.105 / Chapter 4.3.2.3 --- Perception of public health nursing duties --- p.106 / Chapter 4.3.2.4 --- Public health nursing practice in IWC --- p.108 / Chapter 4.3.2.5 --- Identifying factors which influenced public health nursing development --- p.112 / Chapter 4.3.2.6 --- Qualities of good public health nurses --- p.114 / Chapter 4.4 --- Challenges from socio-cultural and economical influences 1960 -1969 --- p.114 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Data collected from secondary data source --- p.114 / Chapter 4.4.1.1 --- Significant events in the community --- p.116 / Chapter 4.4.1.2 --- The MCHC service --- p.117 / Chapter 4.4.1.3 --- The public health nurses --- p.118 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Oral histories from the public health nurses --- p.119 / Chapter 4.4.2.1 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.119 / Chapter 4.4.2.1.1 --- Scope of training --- p.120 / Chapter 4.4.2.2 --- Selection of the public health field --- p.121 / Chapter 4.4.2.3 --- Perception of public health nursing duties --- p.121 / Chapter 4.4.2.4 --- Public health nursing practice in MCHC --- p.122 / Chapter 4.4.2.5 --- Identifying factors which influenced public health nursing development --- p.125 / Chapter 4.4.2.6 --- Qualities of good public health nurses --- p.129 / Chapter 4.5 --- The increasingly affluent period 1970 -1979 --- p.130 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Data collected from secondary data source --- p.130 / Chapter 4.5.1.1 --- Significant events in the community --- p.132 / Chapter 4.5.1.2 --- The MCHC service --- p.133 / Chapter 4.5.1.3 --- The public health nurses --- p.134 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Oral histories from the public health nurses --- p.134 / Chapter 4.5.2.1 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.135 / Chapter 4.5.2.1.1 --- Scope of training --- p.135 / Chapter 4.5.2.2 --- Selection of the public health field --- p.136 / Chapter 4.5.2.3 --- Perception of public health nursing duties --- p.136 / Chapter 4.5.2.4 --- Public health nursing practice in MCHC --- p.139 / Chapter 4.5.2.4.1 --- Health education activities --- p.139 / Chapter 4.5.2.4.2 --- Home visiting --- p.140 / Chapter 4.5.2.4.3 --- Serving clients with different backgrounds --- p.141 / Chapter 4.5.2.5 --- Identifying factors which influenced public health nursing development --- p.145 / Chapter 4.5.2.6 --- Qualities of good public health nurses --- p.145 / Chapter 4.6 --- The impact of the political scenes 1980 1989 --- p.147 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Data collected from secondary data source --- p.147 / Chapter 4.6.1.1 --- Significant events in the community --- p.147 / Chapter 4.6.1.2 --- The MCHC service --- p.148 / Chapter 4.6.1.3 --- The public health nurses --- p.149 / Chapter 4.6.2 --- Oral histories from the public health nurses --- p.150 / Chapter 4.6.2.1 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.150 / Chapter 4.6.2.1.1 --- Scope of training --- p.151 / Chapter 4.6.2.2 --- Selection of the public health field --- p.152 / Chapter 4.6.2.3 --- Perception of public health nursing duties --- p.153 / Chapter 4.6.2.4 --- Public health nursing practice in MCHC --- p.154 / Chapter 4.6.2.5 --- Identifying factors which influenced public health nursing development --- p.156 / Chapter 4.6.2.5.1 --- Factors not influencing public health nursing --- p.156 / Chapter 4.6.2.5.2 --- Factors influencing public health nursing --- p.157 / Chapter 4.6.2.6 --- Qualities of good public health nurses --- p.161 / Chapter 4.7 --- 1990- 1999 Before and after the new era; the transition of political parties --- p.162 / Chapter 4.7.1 --- Data collected from secondary data source --- p.162 / Chapter 4.7.1.1 --- Significant events in the community --- p.162 / Chapter 4.7.1.2 --- The MCHC Service --- p.164 / Chapter 4.7.1.3 --- The public health nurses --- p.164 / Chapter 4.7.2 --- Oral histories from the public health nurses --- p.166 / Chapter 4.7.2.1 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.166 / Chapter 4.7.2.1.1 --- Scope of training --- p.167 / Chapter 4.7.2.2 --- Selection of the public health field --- p.168 / Chapter 4.7.2.3 --- Perception of public health nursing duties --- p.170 / Chapter 4.7.2.4 --- Public health nursing practice in MCHC --- p.172 / Chapter 4.7.2.4.1 --- Health education activities --- p.172 / Chapter 4.7.2.4.2 --- Home visiting --- p.173 / Chapter 4.7.2.4.3 --- Serving clients with different backgrounds --- p.175 / Chapter 4.7.2.4.4 --- Child developmental screening service --- p.176 / Chapter 4.7.2.4.5 --- Trail of various service delivery approaches --- p.177 / Chapter 4.7.2.5 --- Identifying factors which influenced public health nursing development --- p.178 / Chapter 4.7.2.5.1 --- Factors not influencing public health nursing --- p.178 / Chapter 4.7.2.5.2 --- Factors influencing public health nursing --- p.179 / Chapter 4.7.2.6 --- Qualities of good public health nurses --- p.184 / Chapter 4.8 --- Years of change after 2000 --- p.185 / Chapter 4.8.1 --- Data collected from secondary data source --- p.185 / Chapter 4.8.1.1 --- Significant events in the community --- p.185 / Chapter 4.8.1.2 --- The MCHC service --- p.188 / Chapter 4.8.1.3 --- The public health nurses --- p.190 / Chapter 4.8.2 --- Oral histories from the public health nurses --- p.193 / Chapter 4.8.2.1 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.193 / Chapter 4.8.2.1.1 --- Scope of training --- p.194 / Chapter 4.8.2.2 --- Selection of the public health field --- p.194 / Chapter 4.8.2.3 --- Perception of public health nursing duties --- p.195 / Chapter 4.8.2.4 --- Public health nursing practice in MCHC --- p.196 / Chapter 4.8.2.5 --- Identifying factors which influenced public health nursing development --- p.198 / Chapter 4.8.2.5.1 --- Factors not influencing public health nursing --- p.198 / Chapter 4.8.2.5.2 --- Factors influencing public health nursing --- p.199 / Chapter 4.8.2.6 --- Qualities of good public health nurses --- p.206 / Chapter 4.9 --- Oral histories from the administrators --- p.207 / Chapter 4.9.1 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.207 / Chapter 4.9.1.1 --- Scope of training --- p.209 / Chapter 4.9.1.2 --- Perception of public health nursing duties --- p.211 / Chapter 4.9.1.3 --- Public health nursing practice in MCHC --- p.213 / Chapter 4.9.1.4 --- Identifying factors which influenced public health nursing development --- p.216 / Chapter 4.9.1.5 --- Qualities of good public health nurses --- p.221 / Chapter 4.10 --- Conclusion of this chapter --- p.222 / CHAPTER FIVE / DISCUSSION --- p.225 / Chapter 5.1 --- A sketch of the working life of public health nurses --- p.225 / Chapter 5.2 --- The three research objectives --- p.227 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Research objective one: The characteristics of public health nursing in Hong Kong --- p.229 / Chapter 5.2.1.1 --- Categories of public health nurses in Hong Kong --- p.229 / Chapter 5.2.1.1.1 --- Public health nurse title as defined by organisation --- p.229 / Chapter 5.2.1.1.2 --- Public health nurse title as defined from training --- p.231 / Chapter 5.2.1.1.3 --- Ranking of public health nurses --- p.232 / Chapter 5.2.1.2 --- Nursing culture --- p.233 / Chapter 5.2.1.3 --- Population-focused service in MCHC --- p.234 / Chapter 5.2.1.4 --- Nursing practice on health education, health promotion and direct care --- p.237 / Chapter 5.2.1.5 --- The invisible service --- p.238 / Chapter 5.2.1.6 --- The presentation of art and science in public health nursing --- p.239 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Research objectives two: the changes of public health nursing practice during the study period --- p.241 / Chapter 5.2.2.1 --- The delineation of the development of public health nursing practice in MCHC from 1954 to 2010 --- p.241 / Chapter 5.2.2.1.1 --- The first phase of development: 1954 to the 1970s and the evolution of public health nurses --- p.242 / Chapter 5.2.2.1.2 --- The second phase of development: 1970s to 1980s a static period in the public health nursing service --- p.243 / Chapter 5.2.2.1.3 --- The third phase of development: 1990s to 2010s a period of changes --- p.244 / Chapter 5.2.2.2 --- Predominant features in the development --- p.246 / Chapter 5.2.2.2.1 --- Perceived decrease of autonomy --- p.246 / Chapter 5.2.2.2.2 --- Generational differences among nurses influence job satisfaction --- p.247 / Chapter 5.2.2.2.3 --- The cessation of home visits --- p.248 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Research objective three: significant events and factors influencing public health nursing development --- p.250 / Chapter 5.2.3.1 --- The influence of significant events happened in the community --- p.251 / Chapter 5.2.3.2 --- Devaluation of the service and the invisibility of the practice --- p.254 / Chapter 5.2.3.3 --- Medical dominance, administrative influences and manpower factors --- p.257 / Chapter 5.2.3.4 --- Impact of working for a government organisation --- p.260 / Chapter 5.2.3.5 --- The ideology of public health and public health nurses in Hong Kong --- p.262 / Chapter 5.2.3.6 --- The good practice model initiated by the earlier public health nurses --- p.265 / Chapter 5.2.3.7 --- Training of public health nurses --- p.267 / Chapter 5.3 --- History, historical research and nursing --- p.271 / Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusion of this chapter --- p.276 / CHAPTER SIX / CONCLUSIONS --- p.278 / Chapter 6.1 --- Strengths of the study --- p.278 / Chapter 6.2 --- Limitations of the study --- p.279 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Shortcomings of historical research --- p.280 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Threats to internal and external criticism --- p.280 / Chapter 6.3 --- Implications for nursing research, practice and education --- p.282 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Research --- p.282 / Chapter 6.3.1.1 --- Methodology --- p.282 / Chapter 6.3.1.2 --- Further research questions and new interpretations on history --- p.284 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Education --- p.287 / Chapter 6.3.2.1 --- Content of nursing curricula related to nursing history --- p.287 / Chapter 6.3.2.2 --- Teaching historical research methodology --- p.288 / Chapter 6.3.2.3 --- Strengthen training on public health nursing --- p.288 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Practice --- p.289 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusion of this chapter --- p.291 / REFERENCES --- p.293