Orientador: Nilva Kazue Sakomura / Banca: Euclides Braga Malheiros / Banca: José Fernando Machado Menten / Resumo: Foram conduzidos seis experimentos para determinar as exigências de lisina (Lis) e de metionina + cistina (Met+cis) digestíveis para aves de corte da linhagem ISA Label de ambos os sexos em sistema semi-confinado durante as fases inicial (1 aos 28 dias), crescimento (28 aos 56 dias) e final (56 aos 84 dias). Em cada experimento um total de 480 aves foram alojadas em 24 piquetes. Cada piquete dispunha de área coberta de 3,13 m2 e área de pastejo de 72,87 m2. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x2 (níveis de aminoácido e sexo) com três repetições de 20 aves cada. Os níveis de lisina digestível avaliados foram: 0,850; 0,970; 1,090; 1,210% na fase inicial; 0,750; 0,870; 0,990; 1,110% na fase crescimento e 0,640; 0,760; 0,880; 1,000% na fase final. Os níveis de Met+cis digestível avaliados foram: 0,532; 0,652; 0,772; 0,892% na fase inicial; 0,515; 0,635; 0,755; 0,875% na fase de crescimento e 0,469; 0,589; 0,709; 0,829% na fase final. Avaliou-se o desempenho, característica de carcaça, deposição de proteína e gordura corporal, peso e teor de proteína das penas. De acordo com os resultados recomenda-se níveis de lisina digestível para ambos os sexos de 1,041%; 1,006% e 0,760% na ração para as fases inicial, crescimento e final, respectivamente. Na fase inicial o nível de Met+cis digestível na ração, indicado para machos é de 0,728% e para fêmeas é de 0,774%. Na fase de crescimento recomenda-se o nível de 0,716% de Met+cis digestível na ração para aves de ambos os sexos. Na fase final o nível de Met+cis digestível indicado para melhorar o desempenho de machos é 0,756% e de fêmeas é 0,597% na ração. / Abstract: Six assay were carried out to determine digestible lysine and methionine+cys requirements for ISA Label, for both sex, in free range system on starter phase (1 to 28 days), grower phase (28 to 56 days) and finisher phase (56 to 84 days). 480 birds were distributed into 24 pens, each one composed by shelter (3.13 m2) and pasture (72.87m2). Experimental design was a completely randomized with 8 treatments as factorial arrangement (four levels of amino acids and two sexes) with three replicates of 20 birds. The digestible lysine levels were 0.850; 0.970; 1.090; 1.210% for starter phase; 0.750; 0.870; 0.990; 1.110% for grower phase and 0.640; 0.760; 0.880; 1.000% for finisher phase. The digestible methionine+cys levels were 0.532; 0.652; 0.772; 0.892% for starter phase; 0.515; 0.635; 0.755; 0.875% for grower phase and 0.469; 0.589; 0.709; 0.829% for finisher phase. The parameters analyzed were performance, carcass yield, body protein and fat deposition, weight and protein in the feathers. The digestible lysine level estimated, for both sex, were 1.041%; 1.006% e 0.760% in the diet for starter phase, grower phase and finisher phase, respectively. In the starter phase, the digestible methionine+cys level estimated for males was 0.728% and 0.774% for females. For grower phase, the digestible methionine+cys level estimated was 0.716% for both sexes. For the finisher phase, the methionine+cys level were 0.756% and 0.597% for males and females, respectively. / Mestre

Since mineral supplements for horses commonly contain macro minerals, although the requirement for such is usually covered by roughage-based diets, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary calcium levels on mineral serum concentrations and bone metabolism. The trial was conducted in 30 young warmblood stallions (2–3 years) that were divided into two groups for a five-month feeding trial. The groups were fed a hay- and oat-based diet and were either supplied with high (Ca-High) or moderate (Ca-Moderate) calcium excess. While in Ca-High calcium supply was about 2–2.5-fold of the requirement, in Ca-Moderate calcium requirements were slightly surpassed (1.5–1.6-fold). In order to monitor the effects of the different calcium supply, blood samples were taken during the trial and analysed for levels of macro and trace elements as well as concentrations of two bone markers. In Ca-Moderate a trend towards higher phosphorus serum levels compared to Ca-High was observed which was significant at the end of the trial (p = 0.0002). Furthermore, results showed no influence of the diet on bone markers. Results support the idea that forage-based rations for horses do not necessarily have to be supplemented with macro minerals but with trace elements.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-11-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:47:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nascimento_dcn_me_jabo.pdf: 407919 bytes, checksum: 3930979a2f0f5e0e060aea3b093cd8fc (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Foram conduzidos seis experimentos para determinar as exigências de lisina (Lis) e de metionina + cistina (Met+cis) digestíveis para aves de corte da linhagem ISA Label de ambos os sexos em sistema semi-confinado durante as fases inicial (1 aos 28 dias), crescimento (28 aos 56 dias) e final (56 aos 84 dias). Em cada experimento um total de 480 aves foram alojadas em 24 piquetes. Cada piquete dispunha de área coberta de 3,13 m2 e área de pastejo de 72,87 m2. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x2 (níveis de aminoácido e sexo) com três repetições de 20 aves cada. Os níveis de lisina digestível avaliados foram: 0,850; 0,970; 1,090; 1,210% na fase inicial; 0,750; 0,870; 0,990; 1,110% na fase crescimento e 0,640; 0,760; 0,880; 1,000% na fase final. Os níveis de Met+cis digestível avaliados foram: 0,532; 0,652; 0,772; 0,892% na fase inicial; 0,515; 0,635; 0,755; 0,875% na fase de crescimento e 0,469; 0,589; 0,709; 0,829% na fase final. Avaliou-se o desempenho, característica de carcaça, deposição de proteína e gordura corporal, peso e teor de proteína das penas. De acordo com os resultados recomenda-se níveis de lisina digestível para ambos os sexos de 1,041%; 1,006% e 0,760% na ração para as fases inicial, crescimento e final, respectivamente. Na fase inicial o nível de Met+cis digestível na ração, indicado para machos é de 0,728% e para fêmeas é de 0,774%. Na fase de crescimento recomenda-se o nível de 0,716% de Met+cis digestível na ração para aves de ambos os sexos. Na fase final o nível de Met+cis digestível indicado para melhorar o desempenho de machos é 0,756% e de fêmeas é 0,597% na ração. / Six assay were carried out to determine digestible lysine and methionine+cys requirements for ISA Label, for both sex, in free range system on starter phase (1 to 28 days), grower phase (28 to 56 days) and finisher phase (56 to 84 days). 480 birds were distributed into 24 pens, each one composed by shelter (3.13 m2) and pasture (72.87m2). Experimental design was a completely randomized with 8 treatments as factorial arrangement (four levels of amino acids and two sexes) with three replicates of 20 birds. The digestible lysine levels were 0.850; 0.970; 1.090; 1.210% for starter phase; 0.750; 0.870; 0.990; 1.110% for grower phase and 0.640; 0.760; 0.880; 1.000% for finisher phase. The digestible methionine+cys levels were 0.532; 0.652; 0.772; 0.892% for starter phase; 0.515; 0.635; 0.755; 0.875% for grower phase and 0.469; 0.589; 0.709; 0.829% for finisher phase. The parameters analyzed were performance, carcass yield, body protein and fat deposition, weight and protein in the feathers. The digestible lysine level estimated, for both sex, were 1.041%; 1.006% e 0.760% in the diet for starter phase, grower phase and finisher phase, respectively. In the starter phase, the digestible methionine+cys level estimated for males was 0.728% and 0.774% for females. For grower phase, the digestible methionine+cys level estimated was 0.716% for both sexes. For the finisher phase, the methionine+cys level were 0.756% and 0.597% for males and females, respectively.