This document offers performers, scholars, and enthusiasts of Olivier Messiaen’s Vingt Regards sur l’enfant-Jésus a summary of recent research on both the composer and the composition, while probing new directions for future Messiaen and Vingt Regards research. After an opening chapter which contains a brief biography of the composer, Chapter two draws from Messiaen’s two theoretical treatises, the Technique de mon Langage Musicale and the Traité de Rythme, de Couleur, et d’Ornithologie to consider analytical issues surrounding the work. These two documents reveal a wealth of rhythmic and harmonic innovations, as well as a unique connection between sound and color. A particularly significant contribution here is the discussion of Traité in the context of the Vingt Regards. In addition to relevant context from before and after the Vingt Regards, Chapter three discusses religious considerations surrounding the work, including Biblical references, cyclical themes, other formal and symbolic considerations, and the influence of Dom Columba Marmion’s Christ dans ses mystères. The cogent summary of the Marmion is this chapter’s most notable contribution. Chapter four discusses literary considerations relating to the Vingt Regards, including the influences of Messiaen’s family, his personal readings and writings, and Maurice Toesca’s Les Douze Regards, cited in the preface to the music. The chapter also examines the important connection between the Vingt Regards and L’Âme en bourgeon (The Soul in Bud), a set of poems Messiaen’s mother wrote while pregnant with him. The links between the Vingt Regards and L’Âme en bourgeon, deeply analyzed for what is believed to be the first time, are not only thematic, with their similar subjects of birth and infancy, but also include ties to Messiaen’s musical forms, a somewhat overlooked and perhaps somewhat criticized element of his musical language. References to “le ‘Cas’ Messiaen” are part of the document’s efforts to show how the analytical, religious, and literary considerations are all deeply interwoven in both the life of the composer and in this monumental work written at such a challenging historical hour. / text

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Este trabalho dedica-se à análise musical de três peças para piano de Olivier Messiaen (1908-1992): Regard de l\"Onction terrible (1944); Neumes rythmiques, (1949) e Le traquet stapazin (1956-1958). Procuramos nos concentrar em uma metodologia que levasse em consideração a inter-relação entre análise musical, análise da performance, percepção e performance musical, a fim de construir uma concepção analítica original das peças analisadas. Desse modo, relacionamos o corpus teórico de Messiaen a trabalhos de autores como: Hasty (1997), que desenvolve a ideia de projeção rítmica a partir da análise musical, não só da partitura, mas também pela audição de gravações; Straus (2005) e Healey (2013), sobre a aplicação da teoria dos conjuntos na identificação e compreensão dos materiais harmônicos de Messiaen; Cook (2009), Rink (2001), Fortunato, (2011), Gasques, (2013) e Rosa (2015), sobre a análise da performance a partir de material gravado; e por fim, o estudo das peças ao piano como fonte de retroalimentação entre a análise e a performance. Ao relacionar outras metodologias ao material teórico de Messiaen, procuramos lançar um olhar mais independente sobre sua obra, ora complementando, ora ressaltando o conteúdo deixado por Messiaen em seus registros. A estrutura dessa tese se configura em 5 capítulos. O primeiro aborda o referencial teórico que tomamos como base para as nossas análises. O segundo, o terceiro e o quarto capítulos tratam das análises das obras Regard de l\"Onction terrible, Neumes rythmiques e Le traquet stapazin, respectivamente. Procuramos atentar às particularidades de cada peça ao escolher as ferramentas mais adequadas à sua análise. Regard de l\"onction terrible exigiu um aprofundamento maior em relação às referências simbólicas inerentes à sua composição. Neumes rythmiques, por sua vez, apresenta uma linguagem mais técnica, o que nos levou a enfocar os processos de manipulação do material musical. Le traquet stapazin emprega materiais mais descritivos, advindos dos cantos de pássaros e de seu habitat, entretanto, estabelecemos uma relação destes materiais com outros mais abstratos presentes na linguagem composicional de Messiaen. O quinto capítulo traz uma discussão sobre as inter-relações na linguagem musical e pianística de Messiaen, traçando um paralelo entre as ideias desenvolvidas em seu material teórico e as análises das peças. / This work dedicates itself to the musical analysis of three piano pieces by Olivier Messiaen (1908-1992): Regard de l\'Onction terrible (1944); Neumes rythmiques (1949) and Le traquet stapazin (1956-1958). We have tried to focus on a methodology that took into account the interrelationship between musical analysis, performance analysis, perception and musical performance, in order to build an original analytic design of the analyzed parts. Thus, we relate the theoretical corpus of Messiaen to the works from authors such as: Hasty (1997), who develops the idea of rhythmic projection from the musical analysis, not only of the sheet music but also by listening to recordings; Straus (2005) and Healey (2013), on the application of set theory in the identification and understanding of Messiaen\'s harmonic materials; Cook (2009), Rink (2001), Fortunato, (2011), Gasques, (2013) and Rosa (2015) on performance analysis from recorded material; and finally, the study of the piano pieces as a source of feedback between analysis and performance. In relating other methodologies to the theoretical material of Messiaen, we try to launch a more independent look towards his work, sometimes complementing, or emphasizing the content left by Messiaen in his records. The structure of this thesis is configured in 5 chapters. The first deals with the theoretical framework we take as a basis for our analysis. The second, third and fourth chapters deal with the analysis of the pieces Regard de l\'Onction terrible, Neumes rythmiques and Le traquet stapazin, respectively. We have tried to pay attention to the particularities of each piece by choosing the most appropriate tools for its analysis. Regard de l\'Onction terrible required further deepening in relation to the symbolic references inherent to its composition. Neumes rythmiques, in turn, presents a more technical language, which led us to focus on the handling processes of the musical material. Le traquet stapazin employs more descriptive materials, coming from birds\' singing and their habitat, however, we have established a relation between these materials and other more abstract present in the compositional language of Messiaen. The fifth chapter discusses the interrelationships in Messiaen\'s musical and pianistic language, drawing a parallel between the ideas developed in his theoretical material, and the analysis of the pieces.

Este trabalho dedica-se à análise musical de três peças para piano de Olivier Messiaen (1908-1992): Regard de l\"Onction terrible (1944); Neumes rythmiques, (1949) e Le traquet stapazin (1956-1958). Procuramos nos concentrar em uma metodologia que levasse em consideração a inter-relação entre análise musical, análise da performance, percepção e performance musical, a fim de construir uma concepção analítica original das peças analisadas. Desse modo, relacionamos o corpus teórico de Messiaen a trabalhos de autores como: Hasty (1997), que desenvolve a ideia de projeção rítmica a partir da análise musical, não só da partitura, mas também pela audição de gravações; Straus (2005) e Healey (2013), sobre a aplicação da teoria dos conjuntos na identificação e compreensão dos materiais harmônicos de Messiaen; Cook (2009), Rink (2001), Fortunato, (2011), Gasques, (2013) e Rosa (2015), sobre a análise da performance a partir de material gravado; e por fim, o estudo das peças ao piano como fonte de retroalimentação entre a análise e a performance. Ao relacionar outras metodologias ao material teórico de Messiaen, procuramos lançar um olhar mais independente sobre sua obra, ora complementando, ora ressaltando o conteúdo deixado por Messiaen em seus registros. A estrutura dessa tese se configura em 5 capítulos. O primeiro aborda o referencial teórico que tomamos como base para as nossas análises. O segundo, o terceiro e o quarto capítulos tratam das análises das obras Regard de l\"Onction terrible, Neumes rythmiques e Le traquet stapazin, respectivamente. Procuramos atentar às particularidades de cada peça ao escolher as ferramentas mais adequadas à sua análise. Regard de l\"onction terrible exigiu um aprofundamento maior em relação às referências simbólicas inerentes à sua composição. Neumes rythmiques, por sua vez, apresenta uma linguagem mais técnica, o que nos levou a enfocar os processos de manipulação do material musical. Le traquet stapazin emprega materiais mais descritivos, advindos dos cantos de pássaros e de seu habitat, entretanto, estabelecemos uma relação destes materiais com outros mais abstratos presentes na linguagem composicional de Messiaen. O quinto capítulo traz uma discussão sobre as inter-relações na linguagem musical e pianística de Messiaen, traçando um paralelo entre as ideias desenvolvidas em seu material teórico e as análises das peças. / This work dedicates itself to the musical analysis of three piano pieces by Olivier Messiaen (1908-1992): Regard de l\'Onction terrible (1944); Neumes rythmiques (1949) and Le traquet stapazin (1956-1958). We have tried to focus on a methodology that took into account the interrelationship between musical analysis, performance analysis, perception and musical performance, in order to build an original analytic design of the analyzed parts. Thus, we relate the theoretical corpus of Messiaen to the works from authors such as: Hasty (1997), who develops the idea of rhythmic projection from the musical analysis, not only of the sheet music but also by listening to recordings; Straus (2005) and Healey (2013), on the application of set theory in the identification and understanding of Messiaen\'s harmonic materials; Cook (2009), Rink (2001), Fortunato, (2011), Gasques, (2013) and Rosa (2015) on performance analysis from recorded material; and finally, the study of the piano pieces as a source of feedback between analysis and performance. In relating other methodologies to the theoretical material of Messiaen, we try to launch a more independent look towards his work, sometimes complementing, or emphasizing the content left by Messiaen in his records. The structure of this thesis is configured in 5 chapters. The first deals with the theoretical framework we take as a basis for our analysis. The second, third and fourth chapters deal with the analysis of the pieces Regard de l\'Onction terrible, Neumes rythmiques and Le traquet stapazin, respectively. We have tried to pay attention to the particularities of each piece by choosing the most appropriate tools for its analysis. Regard de l\'Onction terrible required further deepening in relation to the symbolic references inherent to its composition. Neumes rythmiques, in turn, presents a more technical language, which led us to focus on the handling processes of the musical material. Le traquet stapazin employs more descriptive materials, coming from birds\' singing and their habitat, however, we have established a relation between these materials and other more abstract present in the compositional language of Messiaen. The fifth chapter discusses the interrelationships in Messiaen\'s musical and pianistic language, drawing a parallel between the ideas developed in his theoretical material, and the analysis of the pieces.

Messiaen studied many special compositional traits in his life. Modes of limited transpositions, rhythm, and birdsong are the most special and important. Catholicism is the first thought of Messiaen¡¦s works. The inspiration of Messiaen¡¦s creation, the structure of works, and the picture of music are all closed related to Catholicism. Vingt Regards sur L¡¦Enfant-Jesus is the only one piano solo work of Messiaen¡¦s religious works. This thesis mainly discuss the three principle themes¡XTheme de Dieu, Theme de L¡¦Etoile et de la Croix, and Theme D¡¦Accords¡X to realize the specific application that Messiaen use modes of limited transpositions, rhythm, birdsong, and Catholicism religious concept in his works. This thesis divided into two chapters. The first chapter presents briefly the life and the compositional traits of Messiaen. In second chapter, it discusses the development of the three themes, including modes, rhythm, shape of phrase, dynamic, and speed.

The compositions of Steve Reich and György Ligeti both contain periodic rhythmic structures. Although periods are not usually easily perceived, the listener may perceive their combinations in a hierarchy of rhythmic structures. This document is an attempt to develop an analytical method that can account for this hierarchy in periodic music. I begin with an overview of the features of Reich's and Ligeti's music that contribute to the property of periodicity. I follow with a discussion of the music and writings of Olivier Messiaen as a precedent for the periodic structures in the music of Reich and Ligeti. I continue by consulting the writings of the Israeli musicologist Simha Arom and describing the usefulness of his ideas and terminology in the development of my method. I explain the working process and terminology of the analytical method, and then I apply it to Reich's Six Pianos and Ligeti's Désordre.

Terra Mirabilis is a three-movement musical composition for symphony orchestra with piano solo inspired by natural landscapes photographed by the composer. The three movement composition and its corresponding landscapes portray three times of a day: early morning (I. The Mists), evening (II. Oceanus), and late night (III. Nocturne). Each chapter is devoted to the discussion of one movement, wherein overall concept and form are addressed, followed by detailed analyses of harmonic structure, motivic and thematic development, orchestration, and representational elements. As a complement to the score and the text, a CD-R audio recording of orchestral mock-ups accompanies this dissertation.