abstract: The purpose of this project was to create a beginner-level oboe method book that provides equal attention to both the instrumental and musical concepts necessary for a beginner oboist. The existing literature for beginning oboe students focuses on two specific settings: full band classrooms, where students are playing and learning the instruments together, and private lesson settings, where one or a group of oboe students are focused on learning to play the oboe. Books written for band settings typically focus on teaching the students how to function as a part of the band, with extensive coverage of musical concepts; conversely, books for private lessons often assume a basic level of musical knowledge by the student, and focus heavily on how to play the instrument. This project provides the basis for a new book that combines these elements into a document that both band and private instructors would be able to use. I began my project by collecting all of the extant beginner-level method books for the oboe, dividing them into those for band settings and those for lesson settings. I then created a detailed survey to analyze each book's contents so that in the new book I might address any and all shortcomings in the existing literature. I then distilled the results of this survey into charts, so that any teacher could look at the contents of each book and see how said book fits within the results. Once this was finished, I created an outline for the new method book, listing the contents of the front material, lessons, and back material. My outline sequences the musical and instrumental material together, providing students with all of information necessary to become a successful beginning oboist. I stopped short of selecting music or creating the book's layout, but my goal is to publish the completed book within the next year. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2014

abstract: ABSTRACT The annual concours, or examens de fin d’année, of the Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris (CNSMDP) is a centuries-old tradition that began in 1797. It serves to determine each participating student’s readiness for graduation. For each competition from 1797-1999, specific pieces were assigned for each instrument. Through much of the nineteenth century, conservatory professors wrote these pieces for their students. In the twentieth century, the practice of assigning works previously written by other composers or commissioning new works by (usually) French composers became the norm. Oboists outside of France tend to associate terms such as “conservatory pieces” or “concours pieces” with pieces assigned during the nineteenth century, while generally overlooking twentieth century morceaux de concours. The purpose of this paper is to bring these forgotten pieces to light and provide background information to help oboists determine the suitability of these pieces for their own performance contexts. Because research regarding the pieces selected during Professor Georges Gillet’s tenure (1882-1919) is already available, this paper focuses on the pieces selected from 1920-1999. A list of required pieces for oboe from 1824-2000, obtained from CNSMDP archive manager Sophie Lévy, made possible the compilation of an annotated bibliography of morceaux de concours for oboe from 1920-1999. (The annotated bibliography ends with the 1999 concours because, since 2000, oboists have been required to select their own programs.) The bibliography lists every piece that was performed, but only gives detailed descriptions of (1) twentieth century pieces that were specifically commissioned for the concours and (2) twentieth century pieces selected, but not specifically commissioned, for the concours, that are not considered to be part of the standard oboe repertoire. A brief description of trends observed within this set of contest pieces follows the bibliography, along with appendices intended to facilitate more productive use of the bibliography. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2020

There are numerous editions of the Concerto in W. M. Mozart's Do M. KV 314 / 285d which have been appearing since Bernhard Paumgartner was discovered in 1920, at the Mozarteum Library in Salzburg. The current editions take into account the musical writing of the solo part, both from this source and from the flute version. This has established two lines of editing and interpretation, the first following the indications of the manuscript of the oboe part and another according to the indications of the manuscript for flute, naturally transporting the part. This thesis presents a revised edition with an original and unpublished proposal, with articulations and dynamics similar to those used by Mozart himself in other works for solo oboe, mainly the Quartet KV 370 / 368b and the Divertimento for 7 instruments KV251, Works in which the oboe participates like instrument soloist. This makes it possible, for the first time, to have a "Mozartian" score, compared to the currents editions that are far from following the articulations, phrasing and signs of expression, typical of Mozart in his works for solo oboe. On the other hand, the study and analysis of the manuscript with the instrumental parts of the Rara Manuscript 314/1 of the Library of the Mozarteum of Salzburg allows to contribute an edition of the orchestra score with indications of phrasing or product of the arcs that appear in the instrumental parts of The string instruments, mainly of the violins. / Son numerosas las ediciones del Concierto en Do M. KV 314/285d de W. A. Mozart que han ido apareciendo desde que Bernhard Paumgartner descubriese en 1920, en la Biblioteca del Mozarteum de Salzburgo. Las ediciones actuales tienen en cuenta la escritura musical de la parte solista, tanto de esta fuente como de la versión para flauta. Ello ha establecido dos líneas de edición e interpretación, la primera siguiendo las indicaciones del manuscrito de la parte de oboe y otra según las indicaciones del manuscrito para flauta, transportando naturalmente la parte. En esta tesis se aporta una edición revisada con una propuesta original e inédita, con articulaciones y dinámicas similares a las utilizadas por el propio Mozart en otras obras para oboe solista, principalmente el Cuarteto KV 370/368b y el Divertimento para 7 instrumentos KV251, obras en las que el oboe participa como instrumento solista. Esto permite disponer, por vez primera, de una partitura que sea "mozartiana", frente a la actual que dista mucho de seguir las articulaciones, fraseo y signos de expresión, propios de Mozart en otras obras para oboe solista. Por otra parte, el estudio y análisis del manuscrito con las partes instrumentales del Manuscrito Rara 314/1 de la Biblioteca del Mozarteum de Salzburgo permite aportar una edición de la partitura orquestal con indicaciones de fraseo producto de los arcos que aparecen en las partes instrumentales de los instrumentos de cuerda, principalmente de los violines. / Són nombroses les edicions del Concert en Do M. KV 314/285d de W. A. Mozart que han anat apareixent des que Bernhard Paumgartner descobrirà en 1920, en la Biblioteca del Mozarteum de Salzburg. Les edicions actuals tenen en compte l'escriptura musical de la part solista, tant d'esta font com de la versió per a flauta. Això ha establert dos línies d'edició i interpretació, la primera seguint les indicacions del manuscrit de la part d'oboè i una altra segons les indicacions del manuscrit per a flauta, transportant naturalment la part. En esta tesi s'aporta una edició revisada amb una proposta original i inèdita, amb articulacions i dinàmiques semblants a les utilitzades pel mateix Mozart en altres obres per a oboè solista, principalment el Quartet KV 370/368b i el "Divertimento" per a 7 instruments KV251, obres en què l'oboè participa com a instrument solista. Açò permet disposar, per primera vegada, d'una partitura que siga "mozartiana", enfront de l'actual que dista molt de seguir les articulacions, fraseig i signes d'expressió, propis de Mozart en altres obres per a oboè solista. D'altra banda, l'estudi i anàlisi del manuscrit amb les parts instrumentals del Manuscrit Rara 314/1 de la Biblioteca del Mozarteum de Salzburg permet aportar una edició de la partitura orquestral amb indicacions de fraseig producte dels arcs que apareixen en les parts instrumentals dels instruments de corda, principalment dels violins. / Llimerá Galduf, A. (2017). Estudio y análisis comparado del concierto para oboe y orquesta KV314 (285d) de W. A. Mozart [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/91848 / TESIS

Mario Lavista (b. 1943) is a dominant figure in Mexican classical music. In the second half of the twentieth century, he promoted the use of contemporary techniques, leading to a series of collaborations with expert instrumentalists to explore extended techniques. Marsias for Oboe and Crystal Glasses is one of those pieces. Due to the nature of contemporary techniques, different oboes and reed styles produce different effects with the same fingerings. This document analyzes the contemporary fingerings in the two published editions of the work in consideration of the long-scrape reed style and oboes commonly used in the United States. The contemporary techniques were played on twelve professional oboe models as a way to collect data on how the printed fingerings work. The data is the foundation for the performance guide, which details every contemporary technique in the work. The performance guide also provides comprehensive information about the crystal glass logistics. The document also presents an electronic accompaniment created with Max/MSP in the event that the crystal glasses or crystal glass players are unavailable.

Measurements of intraoral pressure (IOP) and sound pressure level (SPL) were taken of four oboists as they performed two sets of musical exercises: (1) crescendo-decrescendo from pp to ff and back to pp on the pitches D4, G4, C5 and A5, and (2) straight and vibrato performances of the same four pitches at mf. Video images of the vocal tract were also made using flexible fiberoptic nasoendoscopy (FFN). IOP and SPL data were captured in real time by the WinDaq®/Lite software package, with the dB meter located 8-9 inches in directly front of the oboe bell. The study yielded minimum and maximum values from 21.04 to 57.81 mm Hg and from 65.53 to 100.89 dB across all pitches examined. Discussion is included for the following topics: (1) the oboe’s sound envelope, or functional range of IOP and SPL values at different pitch levels, including the nonlinearity in the relationship between IOP and SPL on the oboe, (2) the static activation and kinetic maintenance thresholds for reed vibration, (3) the effect of vibrato on IOP/SPL, (4) the utilization of the vocal tract during execution of dynamic changes and vibrato, and (5) the impact of player experience on control of physical variables.

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This monograph analyzes recordings of three orchestral excerpts for the oboe made between 1910 – 2016 and studies trends in interpretation, showing how performance practice is continually evolving as musical tastes change. The chosen excerpts span several style periods from the early nineteenth century to the twentieth century. The first excerpt, the cadenza from the Allegro con brio movement of the Fifth Symphony by Beethoven, has been under-studied by oboists and musicologists and yet it plays a pivotal role in the first movement of this iconic piece. The second excerpt, the Adagio solo from the second movement of Brahms’s Violin Concerto, has much room for individual interpretation and soloistic freedom on the part of the both the oboe and violin soloists. Finally, recordings of the technically-challenging twentieth-century excerpt, the “Prélude” solo from le tombeau de Couperin by Ravel, show how standards of musical perfection have been raised overtime as a result of the recording industry. Preference is given to recordings from countries with strong traditions in oboe performance, such as the United States, England, Germany, and France. To give a clear picture of performance trends, I study approximately ten recordings per decade. A large-data recording study such as this has never been attempted of orchestral excerpts for the oboe. Findings common to all three excerpts over time include: a decline in small-group, rhetorical phrasing; a decline in national schools; tempos becoming slower in the mid-twentieth century and faster towards the end of the twentieth century; and strongest similarities in playing styles of oboists with a shared pedagogical lineage. / Music Performance

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att studera hur flöjt- och oboelärare erfar fenomenet undervisningsmetodik. För att uppnå detta syfte utgår studien från följande forskningsfrågor: Hur ser oboelärare på undervisningsmetodik som redskap i sin instrumentalundervisning? Hur ser flöjtlärare på undervisningsmetodik som redskap i sin instrumentalundervisning? Vilka likheter- och/eller skillnader finns det inom undervisningsmetodiken som redskap för instrumentalundervisning på flöjt och oboe? Studien omfattar en kvalitativ intervjustudie på musik- eller kulturskolor i Sverige med tre flöjtlärare och tre oboelärare och tar avstamp i det teoretiska perspektivet fenomenologi. Forskningsmetoden för studien bottnar i semistrukturerade intervjuer som sedan transkriberats och analyserats med tematisk analys. Resultatet bärs upp av fyra teman. Dessa fyra teman är: Allmän musikdidaktik, (trä)blåsmetodik, flöjtmetodik samt oboemetodik. Det första temat präglas av övergripande lektionsstrukturer, övningar men även förhållningssätt till undervisningsmetodik. Den sammantagna slutsatsen gällande fenomenet allmän musikdidaktik är innebörden av relationsarbetet med eleven men även yttre förutsättningar som färgar undervisningsmetodiken. Det andra temat belyser träblåsmusikers gemensamma beröringspunkter om vad det innebär att spela ett blåsinstrument. Lärarna erfar fenomenet andning som en gemensam och fundamental utgångspunkt men även en gemensam uppsättning repertoar. Det tredje och fjärde temat belyser flöjtens och oboens olikheter och förutsättningar för spel. Några exempel på skillnader instrumenten emellan är oboens dubbelrör vilket är något som flöjtspelet inte har. Även om flöjt och oboe är båda blåsinstrument visar resultatet på två skilda syner på blåsteknik. Flöjtspel handlar om förmågan att släppa iväg mycket luft medan oboespel handlar om att hålla igen med luft och att stå emot det höga trycket som bildas. I det påföljande diskussionskapitlet sätts resultatet i förhållande till tidigare litteratur och forskning. / The purpose of this study is to examine how flute and oboe teachers experience the phenomenon of methodology. To achieve this goal, the study is based on the following research questions: What are the oboe teachers view on methodology as tools in their instrumental education? What are the flute teachers view on methodology as a tool in their instrumental education? Which similarities and / or differences are there in the methodology as a tool for music instrument education on flute and oboe? The study is presented in a qualitative case study at music schools in Sweden with three flute teachers and three oboe teachers and is based on the theoretical perspective phenomenology. The research method for the study is based on semi structured interviews which have then been transcribed and analyzed with thematic analysis. The result is presented in four themes. These four themes are: General music didactics, (wood)wind methodology, flute methodology and oboe methodology. The first theme is characterized by general lesson structures, exercises but also the teachers approach to methodology. The overall conclusion regarding the phenomenon of general music didactics is the meaning of the relationship work with the student but also external conditions that color the methodology. The second theme highlights the common areas of woodwind musicians and what it means to play a wind instrument. The teachers experience the phenomenon of breathing as a common and fundamental starting point, but also a common set of repertoires. The third and fourth themes highlights the differences between the flute and the oboe and the conditions for play. Some examples of the differences between the instruments are the double reed of the oboe which is something that flute does not have. Although flute and oboe are both wind instruments the result shows two different visions on blowing techniques. Flute playing is about the ability to release a lot of air while oboe playing is about holding back with air and resisting the high pressure that is created. In the following discussion chapter, the result is set in relation to previous literature and research.