published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

Thesis PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Aim diploma thesis is design and dimensioning central air - conditioning system of offices in industrial object. To air - conditioning was choose 2nd floor office building. Introduction is devoted short entrance to the areas air - conditioning and survey used air - conditioner systems inclusive basic types and possibility using single air - conditioning system practically. Follows computational part, in which is effected heat loss calculation, summer heat gains air - conditioned object and psychrometr calculation summer and winter operationing air - conditioning system. After calculation needed parameters is effected design distribution air, machine - room air conditioning, dimensioning air channels and ventilators, design incoming and off-take anemostats and their regulations. Next part includes calculation power consumption during the operationing designed air - conditioning system.

The introduction of this dissertation presents a brief summation of what other sources have ushered with regard to the question of who Jesus is. The problem we seek to resolve; the justification of this dissertation; the definition of some terminology and the main source materials employed, are presented in this chapter. Since the problem statement is crucial for a good dissertation, chapter two will identify this problem from the grass roots level and will show us the turbulent tides it has encountered through the early centuries of the Christian church. The Aftermath of the early Christian church was a string of one Word Symbols, or tides for Jesus. The problem of embracing only one Word title for Jesus is also explained in chapter three. In contrast to the One-sided Word Christologies described in chapter four, an example of some symbols of the Word that inclusively describe in part, who Jesus really is, is presented. Since this dissertation has a holistic approach, it is paramount for the investigation to consider a religious figure that embraces or represents a Christology that denotes holism. This is covered in chapter five. It is in chapter five, where the writer, out of necessity, is prompted to devote a number of pages exploring White's Chiistological conviction. In this chapter the writer uncovers White's perception of the great conflict between good and evil. Retrospectively, the writer absoibs White's assumption and perception of the person of Christ. This chapter also looks at how Christ's role and function is perceived by White. During this research, the way she used the various Word symbols of Christ, who is the over-arching prism of the Almighty God, was found to be of particular interest. White also provides practical, theoretical knowledge of how Christ occupies the believer's life, the world and God's universe. As in chapter five, chapter six presents the exposition of the Christology of John Calvin. In chapter seven the Christology of White is compared to that of John Calvin. A table of data that illustrates how many different types of Word symbols and how many times those Word symbols are mentioned by both White and Calvin are presented. Chapter eight will present the conclusion of this dissertation. / Systematic Theology & Theological Ethics / M. Th. (Systematic Theology)

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An initial review of literature concerned with commercial and industrial office design indicated the need to research and develop a method for the design of the management systems of offices with the purpose of improving the operational effectiveness and alignment to strategy. In particular the literature review indicated that the application of lean methods, in non-manufacturing areas is comparatively rare. A critical review of the literature identified that Value Stream Mapping has been used to map mechanistic task activities, however, a need was identified for a new generation of Value Stream Mapping to map mixed mechanistic and organic task activities. To complement the literature survey and discover if there were significant variables (e.g. task uncertainty, interdependence, task complexity, mechanistic / organic structures, risk, task analysability etc) influencing office design, pilot studies were carried out in a mechanistic and organic office. Several additional variables were identified. From the pilot studies combined with the literature review a conceptual model was formulated which provides guidelines for managers enabling them to design the management systems fully taking all the variables into account. The conceptual model was then tested using a multiple case study design of two small consulting type offices that exhibited mixed mechanistic and organic characteristics. This resulted in an improved version of the model which was then further validated. This validation based upon the opinions of office managers focused mainly on identifying the practical usefulness of the model from an industrial perspective. Following the validation a final form of the model has been proposed in this research. It remains for future researchers to fully test the model by applying it in a wider range of offices. This study makes an explicit contribution to the redesign of offices as well as the utilisation of Value Stream Mapping to the mechanistic and the organic task activities within commercial and industrial offices.

Orientador: João Roberto Gomes de Faria / Banca: Luís Carlos Paschoarelli / Banca: João Alberto Camarotto / Resumo: A ergonomia é uma área do conhecimento que tem como um de seus principais objetivos a análise de situações de trabalho, a fim de definir parâmetros e propostas de transformações que viabilizem o conforto, a segurança e a eficiência no trabalho. Assim, projeta e/ou adapta situações de trabalho, compatíveis com as capacidades e os limites do homem. Dentre os diversos critérios que descrevem a análise ergonômica do trabalho a iluminação, como condição ambiental, quando mal projetada e distribuída pode refletir sobre as condições de trabalho, afetando a saúde e a eficiência dos trabalhadores, repercutindo inclusive na produtividade. Diante do exposto este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso por meio da avaliação das condições de iluminação de espaços de trabalho em quatro salas do escritório central de uma empresa de reflorestamento, inserida no contexto urbano de u ma cidade de porte médio em Minas Gerais. Os métodos utilizados basearam-se em observações, medições da iluminação, além da utilização de questionários. Os parâmetros de iluminação foram aplicados em quatro salas distintas em tamanho, distribuição de luminárias e número de usuários. Através de dados quantitativos, verificou-se a relação dos valore de iluminância real das salas, nas condições em que as mesmas são utilizadas com os valores indicados e sugeridos nas Normas. Na avaliação qualitativa levou-se em conta a interação entre o usuário e o ambiente iluminado, e nesse sentido, as boas condições de visão para o correto desempenho de tarefas. Com os dados e resultados abordados, pretende-se contribuir para a melhoria das condições de trabalho e design do ambiente construído com consequente aumento da eficiência dos trabalhadores subsidiando uma abordagem que privilegia o contexto real além de construir um diagrama... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Ergonomics is an area of knowledge that has as one of its main objectives the analysis of work situations in order to set parameters and proposed changes that allow the confort, safety and work efficiency. Thus designs and or adapting work situations consistent with the capabilities an limitations of man. Among the several criteria that describe the ergonomic analysis of work lilghting and environmental conditions, affecting the health and efficiency of workers, including impacting on productivity. In this light this paper presents a case study through the evaluation of the lighting conditions of work spaces in four rooms of the headquarters of a company reflorestation, inserted in the urban context o a medium sized city in Minas Gerais. The methods used were based on observations, measurements of the illumination, and the use of questionnaires. The lighting parameters were applied in four different rooms in size, distribution of lamps and number of usrs. Through quantitative data, there was a relation ship between the iluminance values of real rooms, he conditions under which they are used with the values shown and suggested in the standarts. The qualitative assessment took in to account the interaction betwenn the user and an illuminated environment, and in that sense, good viewing condition for the proper performance of tasks. With the data and results discussed, we intend to contribute to the improvement of working conditions and design of the built environment with consequent increased efficiency of subsidizing workers a approach that focuses on real context and build a diagram of relationships between variables that serve as basis for further studies addressing the discussion of the effectiveness of the lighting... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

<p>The ambient conditions such as air quality, noise, music, temperature, lighting and colour, in open-plan offices and their impact on employees are important for managements to recognize because open-plan offices are becoming more and more common in Swedish companies' office design today (Aronsson, 2005). For students, who will soon be entering the work force, it is important to understand how the characteristics of the ambient conditions can influence employee behaviour/satisfaction.</p><p>To have a working knowledge of what kinds of effects the ambient conditions can have is likely to increase one's chances of becoming a satisfied employee. An employee that is aware of the importance of creating a servicescape (the attributes of the physical surrounding) that meets its needs and desires is likely to enhance its satisfaction in the ambient conditions. A great number of managements may not be aware of the risks of working in an open-plan office where the ambient conditions are not satisfying the employees; ergonomic issues as well as heart diseases are the most serious results (Evans and Johnson, 2000, pp. 780-782). This leads to the problem formulation of this thesis: "How can management improve employee satisfaction in an open-plan office through the characteristics of a servicescape's ambient conditions?”.</p><p>Four main theories are included in the Theoretical Framework to provide a deep understanding for the reader about the complexity of problems that comes with working in an open-plan office. The Bitner theory and the research compiled by Sundstrom discuss ambient conditions and their impacts on employees' behaviour/satisfaction. Evans and Johnson’s theory discusses how stress is related to low-intensity noise. The final main theory, Person-Environment Fit, upholds the importance of a servicescape that fits employees’ needs and desires.</p><p>The ambient conditions influence employee behaviours in numerous ways (Davis, 1984, pp. 271) and at Sogeti’s open-plan office several ambient conditions are studied through an observation conducted during April 17th 2007 and a questionnaire with 15 closed questions. The outcomes of the observation and the questionnaire are analysed and concrete proposals are created for the Sogeti management to act upon in order to improve the characteristics of their open-plan office’s ambient conditions and thereby improve employee satisfaction.</p><p>One of the concrete proposals to how Sogeti may improve the ambient conditions in their open-plan office is to introduce a survey that should be handed out to the employees three or four times a year. The purpose of the survey is to define employees’ perceptions of the different ambient conditions.</p><p>Based on the outcomes from the survey, employees’ needs and desires of the servicescape, the ambient conditions’ characteristics, can be improved. Also, some examples of actions geared towards reducing the level of noise in the Sogeti open-plan office are to use ear phones when listening to music and to leave the open-plan office when conducting phone calls. The concrete proposals developed based on the Sogeti employees’ perceptions of the ambient conditions in the open-plan office are outcomes of this thesis that may serve as a tool for the Sogeti management to improve the ambient conditions of their servicescape and thereby increase employee satisfaction.</p>