What type of state has emerged in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan, and what kind of theoretical framework must we develop to understand its behavior and performance? This study argues that the logic of political and bureaucratic organization follows that of an investment market in which public offices are purchased with the expectation of yielding a favorable return. This theory represents a novel perspective on the post-communist state which has hitherto either been premised on modernization theory or emphasized a robustly personalistic logic of political organization. There is a serial of linkages to this argument. First, the decisive factor for public employment is unofficial financial payments rather than merits or personal ties. The sums involved in the exchange are far greater than conventional “bribery.” The market for public offices, intimately connected from top to bottom in the state hierarchy, pertains to a much more unified system than the one found in the literature which treats political and administrative, high and low level corruption as distinct and unrelated forms. Second, individuals invest in public offices in order to convert the rights, assets and powers connected to officialdom into private capital. In this political economy, alternative markets for enrichment are subordinated to the state and poorly functioning. Third, the abundance of pecuniary corruption in Kyrgyzstan is standardized, entrenched and predictable norms of behavior in this type of state. The key to success on this market is the ability to control the supply of “public” goods and services in exchange for unofficial payments. Finally, the risk for systemic instability increases when more reasonably inclusive personal connections and money is no longer sufficient and access to the state for earning and investing is manipulated by narrow personalistic ties. This creates pressure for returning to a more competitive market as opposed to a monopolistic order.

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Today, most of us work and many of us are full-time employees. Millions of people spend the majority of their time at an office place working with other people, often in a group working with other groups. We can sense that the office is a site where we connect with others.It seems fairly obvious that when designing any office place, the need for social interaction should always be considered. Still, the contribution of the office environment to any office worker's social life is often overlooked or unobserved. The central question posed by this thesis is: Can an office place be more responsive to the social needs of humans?To address this question, the first portion of this thesis documents the need for social interaction in our everyday life and its benefits for individuals as well as the community. The second portion interprets photographs taken outside and inside conventional office environments in Indianapolis, Indiana; the photo galleries reveal the behavior of regular people around and in the work place. Three cases studies are then offered; the cases provide insights into design and the participatory processes central tosocialization. To conclude, design recommendations are offered that will better connect people to other people in the office place.This work is based on personal observations along with readings done in related subject matter as observed by social psychologists, philosophers, architects, and designers. Research conducted in the field of management provides an additional line of inquiry and its own perspectives. / Department of Architecture

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Full text release at OhioLINK's ETD Center delayed at author's request

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1952.

Includes links to web sites for additional information. / Cover title.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Duquesne University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-113) and index.

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Thesis (Masters Diploma (Technology) -- Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1997 / During the academic training of aspirant lawyers very little attention is paid to the administrative function of a legal practice. Various articles in De Rebus refer to this shortcoming. There also appears to be an over-supply of qualified attorneys which means that the establishment of a legal practice might become a reality before the necessary experience as professional assistants or partners in an established practice has been obtained. The aim of this research was to investigate the factors which have the greatest impact on effective office administration in a legal office, and the influence of technology on administrative efficiency. During this process a model was also developed for the effective completion of tasks in a legal practice. The target population for the study comprised 429 legal practices rendering service in the Cape Metropole at the commencement of the study. Information was obtained through conducting an extensive literature study of local as well. as overseas magazines and books, and visits were paid to 30 local legal practices. Personal observation of the administrative functions in a legal practice was also undertaken by the author. A structured questionnaire was developed and sent to legal practices selected on a random basis. Data obtained from lawyers, secretaries and office managers was processed statistically. In the first place the data was frequentially analysed. Consequently, by using the restricted linear regression method, the author endeavoured to identify the factors which make the largest contribution to the effectiveness of the administrative function in a legal practice.

A partir da Lei de Inovação de 2004, mais de 100 Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica (NITs) foram criados no Brasil. Esta profusão de núcleos foi um avanço em termos de quantidade, mas não necessariamente de qualidade. Dada a importância da inovação para a evolução e desenvolvimento e competitividade da economia brasileira, é importante verificar formas de otimizar o trabalho dos NITs e promover o relacionamento entre academia e indústria. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar a dinâmica dos NITs e identificar a relação entre estratégia e organização do trabalho nas universidades brasileiras, comparando com prescrições presentes na literatura. Os objetivos específicos são: Confirmar o papel do NIT no sistema de inovação brasileiro e na transferência de conhecimento entre a universidade e a indústria; Identificar na literatura modelos de gestão para NITs, incluindo estratégias e estruturação organizacional; Identificar resultados mensuráveis nos NITs e priorizá-los; Verificar a adequação de modelos presentes na literatura para o contexto do sistema de inovação brasileiro; Verificar atuação e resultados de NIT brasileiro, considerando os pontos descritos acima. Esta análise será realizada a partir de revisão de literatura sobre gestão de núcleos de inovação tecnológica no Brasil e no exterior de modo a identificar modelos de gestão de NIT presentes na literatura seguida de estudo de caso de NIT brasileiro. Espera-se entender se a estrutura e, em especial, o perfil dos funcionários dos NITs pesquisados está de acordo com a sua estratégia. Atualmente há um foco muito grande em produção e redação de patentes, e menor na comercialização de tecnologias e formação de empresas spin-outs/start-ups. A pesquisa demonstrou que há uma disparidade entre o sistema de apoio para inovação de NITs presentes na literatura e no caso brasileiro, realizado no NIT da Unicamp (inova). Às funções inerentes ao NIT adiciona-se a gestão de redes regionais de inovação e incentivo à cultura empreendedora na universidade, tentando compensar falhas no sistema de inovação local. / After the Innovation Law, from 2004, more than 100 technology transfer offices (TTOs) were created in Brazil in less than six years. This profusion of offices was a step forward in quantity, but not necessarily in quality. Given the importance of innovation for the development and competitiveness of the local economy, it is important to verify ways to optimize the work of TTOs and promote the relationship between industry and academia. This dissertation has as a general objective to identify the relationship between strategy and organization of tasks in the TTOs from Brazilian universities, taking into consideration models present in the literature. Specific objectives are: to confirm the role of the TTO in the transfer of knowledge between university and industry; Identify in the current papers models for TTO management, including organizational strategy and structure; Identify measurable results from TTOs and prioritize them; Verify adequacy of existing models from current papers in the context of the Brazilian innovation system; Verify the work and results of Brazilian TTO, considering points raised above. This analysis will be built upon revision of current papers that touch on the subject of technology transfer offices in Brazil and abroad aiming at identifying models for TTO management, followed by a case study from Brazil. It\'s expected the understanding of if the structure and, in special, the profile of TTOs employees, is aligned with its strategy. Today, there is a lot of focus on production and writing of patents and less in the commercialization of technologies and in the creation of spin-out companies. Research showed that there is a disparity between the support system for innovation in TTOs from the literature and the Brazilian case study, done at the University of Campinas TTO (Inova). To the classic functions of a TTO, must be added the management of regional innovation networks and incentive to the entrepreneur culture at the university, trying to compensate flaws in the local innovation system.