The aim of this master thesis is description of creating application designated to improve orienta-tion in radio spectrum usage in the Czech Republic and publication of data used by application as open data. First, the thesis describes open data, its importance and method of working with it. This part is followed by an analysis of issues, analysis of available data and selection of methodology for appli-cation development as well as for open data publication. Description of the process of application development and its launch follows. Whole thesis concludes description of the process for open data publication.

Die derzeitigen Strukturen der überregionalen Informationsservices sind geprägt von Bündniszwängen, die eine technologische Erneuerung der Dateninfrastrukturen blockieren. Ein Lösungsweg liegt in der Rückbesinnung auf die Idee der Offenheit, des freien Zugangs zu Information und Wissen, für die Bibliotheken mit dem Ziel der Bildung und Selbstaufklärung gegründet wurden. Im Idealfall fügen sich durch gemeinsame Wertvorstellungen und damit verbundene technologische Prinzipien die dezentralen Aktivitäten der Bibliotheken in einer Netzwerkstruktur zusammen. Die emanzipatorische Qualität des Semantic Web ist bislang weithin unterschätzt und könnte helfen, Grabenkämpfe zwischen Protagonisten und Antagonisten der Digitalisierung zu beenden. Die Autoren plädieren für Bibliotheken als Sachwalter der Offenheit, die sich für einen freien, uneingeschränkten und globalen Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Information und für die Weiterverarbeitbarkeit dieser Information stark machen. Am Beispiel von Dateninfrastrukturen werden konkrete Handlungsschritte diskutiert. Die Autoren fordern mit ihrem Beitrag eine breite Debatte und plädieren grundsätzlich für mehr Offenheit, Wahlfreiheit und Konsequenz im eigenen Handeln. / The current national information service structures are characterized by alliance constraints and lock-in phenomena that effectively block the development of state-of-the-art data infrastructures. A possible solution could be the return to the principle of openness that used to be at the heart of the concept of libraries as institutions of education and enlightenment. Ideally, shared values imply similar technological frameworks and lead to a complementary network of individual activities and services. Up to now the emancipatory quality of the Semantic Web has largely been underestimated. It could help, however, put an end to the trench warfare raging between proponents and detractors of the principle of digitisation. The authors suggest that libraries assume the role of stewards of openness and fight for free, unrestricted and global access to processable scientific information. Taking the example of data infrastructures, they discuss concrete further steps on the way to Open Science. In their article the authors put the case for a broad-based debate and demand greater openness, freedom of choice and consistency in each institution’s actions.

The main topics of the thesis are open data, open data initiatives and sustainable mobility. Current state of open data made available by the Prague city administration is explored. Successful open data initiatives from abroad, that use open data to contribute to sustainable mobility, are examined. Results of the study of open data in driving sustainable mobility in nine smart cities are partially replicated and extended using the state of open data in Prague. Results of the author's own research aimed at Prague are compared with results of this study and complement them. Interviews with representatives of foreign open data initiatives in the field of sustainable mobility are used to examine the inception, day-to-day activities, roles they play and key aspects of operations of these initiatives. Results from both parts of the thesis are combined with an overview of literature on the topic. Possibilities of further development of both the open data in Prague in general and the sustainable mobility initiatives in Prague working with open data are presented.

A wide variety of information or 'metadata' is required when undertaking dendrochronological sampling. Traditionally, researchers record observations and measurements on field notebooks and/or paper recording forms, and use digital cameras and hand-held GPS devices to capture images and record locations. In the lab, field notes are often manually entered into spreadsheets or personal databases, which are then sometimes linked to images and GPS waypoints. This process is both time consuming and prone to human and instrument error. Specialised hardware technology exists to marry these data sources, but costs can be prohibitive for small scale operations (>$2000 USD). Such systems often include proprietary software that is tailored to very specific needs and might require a high level of expertise to use. We report on the successful testing and deployment of a dendrochronological field data collection system utilising affordable off-the-shelf devices ($100-300 USD). The method builds upon established open source software that has been widely used in developing countries for public health projects as well as to assist in disaster recovery operations. It includes customisable forms for digital data entry in the field, and a marrying of accurate GPS location with geotagged photographs (with possible extensions to other measuring devices via Bluetooth) into structured data fields that are easy to learn and operate. Digital data collection is less prone to human error and efficiently captures a range of important metadata. In our experience, the hardware proved field worthy in terms of size, ruggedness, and dependability (e.g., battery life). The system integrates directly with the Tellervo software to both create forms and populate the database, providing end users with the ability to tailor the solution to their particular field data collection needs.

This dissertation is focused on the design of the Open Data Repository's Data Publisher (ODR), a web-based central repository for scientific data, primarily focused on mineralogical properties, but also applicable to other data types, including for instance, morphological, textural and contextual images, chemical, biochemical, isotopic, and sequencing information. Using simple web-based tools, the goal of ODR is to lower the cost and training barrier so that any researcher can easily publish their data, ensure that it is archived for posterity, and comply with the mandates for data sharing. There are only a few databases in the mineralogical community, including RRUFF (http://rruff.info) for professionals, and mindat.org (http://www.mindat.org) for amateurs. These databases contain certain specific mineral information, but none, however, provide the ability to include, in the same platform, any of the many datatypes that characterize the properties of minerals. The ODR framework provides the flexibility required to include unforeseen data without the need for additional software programming. Once ODR is completed, the RRUFF database will be migrated into ODR and populated with additional data using other analytical techniques, such as Mössbauer data from Dr. Richard Morris and NVIR data from Dr. Ralf Milliken. The current ODR pilot studies are also described here, including 1) a database of the XRD analysis performed by the CheMin instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity, 2) the NASA-AMES Astrobiology Habitable Environments Database (AHED), which aims to provide a central, high quality, long-term data repository for relevant astrobiology information, 3) the University of Arizona Mineral Museum (UAMM), with over 21,000 records of minerals and fossils from the museum collection, and 4) the Mineral Evolution Database (MED), that uses the ages of mineral species and their localities to correlate the diversification of mineral species through time with Earth's physical, chemical and biological processes. A good database design requires understanding the fundamentals of its content, so part of this thesis is also focused on developing my skills in mineral analysis and characterization, through the study of the crystal-chemistry of diverse minerals using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and microprobe analysis, as principal techniques.

Um Ecossistema de Dados Abertos Governamentais (DAG) e a representação de atores, fluxos de informações ou recursos financeiros, regras e políticas que regem a governança do ambiente onde o principal recurso para o estabelecimento dessa dinâmica são os DAG e que envolve atividades desde a produção do dado em formato aberto até o seu consumo como produto ou serviço por um usuário. O estudo focou sua investigação no caso do ecossistema existente na Administração Pública Federal, analisando o caso com base no modelo de organizações parciais, conforme proposto por Ahrne e Brunsson no estudo \"Organization outside organizations: the significance of partial organization\". Foram identificados os perfis de atuação dos membros do ecossistema, como produção e coleta de dados, análise, modelagem e visualização, publicação, distribuição, enriquecimento e organização, como sendo atividades primárias para o acesso e uso das bases de DAG, possibilitando a criação de produtos e serviços que gerem valor para as organizações que disponibilizam esses produtos e serviços. O referencial teórico foi construído à partir dos conceitos de definição e caracterização de DAG, criação de valor com DAG, ciclo de vida do ecossistema de DAG e da caracterização do ambiente como uma estrutura de organização parcial. Para compreender como ocorre a governança no ecossistema, foram utilizados conceitos teóricos de governança de multidões e da atuação de uma organização líder em uma rede de colaboradores. A análise do caso permitiu a construção de proposições relevantes para a compreensão do papel da organização líder no desenvolvimento e alcance da maturidade do ecossistema de DAG. Também permitiu a proposição de fatores que afetam a criação e manutenção de um ecossistema formado por produtores, intermediários e usuários, onde valor agregado é adicionado aos DAG ao longo das atividades da cadeia gerando fluxo de informação, produtos, serviços e recursos financeiros. O estudo contribui para a evolução do conceito de organização parcial apresentando um caso onde a governança só é possível através de ações nas dimensões regras, monitoramento e sanções / A Government Open Data (OGD) Ecosystem and the representation of actors, information flows or financial resources, rules and policies governing environmental governance where the main resource for the establishment of this dynamic is the DAG and that involves activities from the production of the data in open format until its consumption as a product or service by a user. The study focused its investigation in the case of the ecosystem existing in the Federal Public Administration, analyzing the case based on the partial organizations model, according to the theory proposed by Ahrne and Brunsson in the study \"Organization outside organizations: the significance of partial organization\". The study identified the performance profiles of ecosystem members, such as production and data collection, analysis, modeling and visualization, publication, distribution, enrichment and organization, as primary activities for access and use of DAG databases, enabling the creation of products and services that deliver value to the organizations that offer those products and services. The theoretical framework was based on the concepts of definition and characterization of DAG, the creation of value with DAG, the life cycle of the DAG ecosystem and the characterization of the environment as a partial organization structure. To understand how governance occurs in the ecosystem, we used theoretical concepts of crowd governance and the performance of a leading organization in a network of collaborators. The analysis of the case allowed the construction of propositions relevant to the understanding of the role of the leading organization in the development and attainment of the maturity of the DAG ecosystem. It also allowed the proposition of factors that affect the creation and maintenance of an ecosystem formed by producers, intermediaries, and users, where added value is added to the DAG throughout the activities of the chain generating a flow of information, products, services, and financial resources. The study contributes to the evolution of the concept of partial organization presenting a case where governance is only possible through actions in the dimensions of rules, monitoring, and sanctions

Denna studie undersöker hur myndigheter kan öppna upp data som innehåller personuppgifter genom att geografiskt aggregera datamaterial för att bevara personlig integritet. Personlig integritet definieras i denna kontext i enlighet med dataskyddsförordningen som skyddet av personuppgifter. De aggregeringar som utreddes är de arealbaserade svenska områdena SAMS, DESO och Kommuner. Även Bespoke-neighborhood-metoden k-närmaste granne utvärderades i ett spann som gick från 5 till 1280 individer. En metod skapades för att kvantifiera hur identifierbara individer är utifrån sannolikheten att uppskatta att en personuppgift tillhör en individ. Användbarheten av datamaterialet operationaliserades som hur nära rådata det var i geografisk detaljnivå. Resultatet blev att metoden ”aggregeringar av k-närmaste granne” är den mest anpassningsbara och användbara metoden för att bevara personlig integritet och användbarhet när data aggregeras.

A large amount of data produced by governmental organizations is accessible in the form of tables encoded as CSV files. Semantic table interpretation (STI) strives to transform them into linked data in order to make them more useful. As significant portion of the tabular data is of statistical nature, and therefore comprises predominantly of numeric values, it is paramount to possess effective means for interpreting relations between the entities and their numeric properties as captured in the tables. As the current general-purpose STI tools infer the annotations of the columns almost exclusively from numeric objects of RDF triples already present in the linked data knowledge bases, they are unable to handle unknown input values. This leaves them with weak evidence for their suggestions. On the other hand, known techniques focusing on the numeric values also have their downsides. Either their background knowledge representation is built in a top-down manner from general knowledge bases, which do not reflect the domain of input and in turn do not contain the values in a recognizable form. Or they do not make use of context provided by the general STI tools. This causes them to mismatch annotations of columns consisting from similar values, but of entirely different meaning. This thesis addresses the...

Public administration owns a large amount of information, whose value is not utilized yet. An application of Open Data and Linked Data principles could enable not only to effectively publish this information, but also to exploit the value. The aim of this thesis is to analyse contemporary situation, assess and debate the barriers and also suggest the solutions for application of the principles in the Public Administration of The Czech Republic.

This thesis deals with open-source software QGIS.It is a free and multiplatform geographical information system (GIS) which is distributed under the general public license (GNU). In the framework of this thesis, a teaching course was created, various types of analyses that the system allows. A set of model exercises is intended to represent a integrated course in the Quantum GIS, which will enable the user to become acquainted with this SW and will be useful in teaching, but also in the practice of public administration, especially in regional development. For this reason, the author realized a survey in the municipalities of the South Bohemian Region concerning the introduction of GIS, awareness of QGIS software, possible interest in the course and topics which the municipalities would like to dedicate to. The requirements of the municipalities have been implemented into individual exercises. The course is available in e-learning in the Moodle system on the link: https://moodle.ef.jcu.cz/course/view.php?id=2683, but also in the form of a comprehensive document which is annexed to this work.