Introduction. The operative link for gastritis assessment (OLGA) and the operative link on gastric intestinal meta-plasia assessment (OLGIM) staging systems have been sug-gested to provide risk of assessment for gastric cancer. Objec-tive. To evaluate the distribution of OLGA and OLGIM staging by age and Helicobacter pylori status. Material and methods. We studied 197 subjects undergoing elective upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The presence of the H. pylori and histological changes were evaluated using the updated Sydney system. Stages III and IV of OLGA/OLGIM were considered high risk stages. Results. The H. pylori rate was 56.85% (112/197). High-risk OLGA/OLGIM cases were rare: 7/112 (6.5%) cases of OLGA in the H. pylori positive group and 6/85 (7%) in the H. pylori negative group; 5 (4.4%) cases of OLGIM in the H. pylori positive and 6 (7%) in the H. pylori negative. The proportion of advanced stages of OLGA and OLGIM increased with age (p < 0.001). High-risk OLGA was not found before age 40 regardless of the presence of H. pylori, but increased to 16.2%, 10.3%, 17.3% and 40.8% in subjects in the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh decade of life respectively. The OLGIM high risk showed a similar trend: 0% before 40 years and up to 22.6% in people of 70 years. Conclusions. High-risk OLGA/OLGIM cases are infrequent before age 40 and increase significantly with age. No relation was found with the presence of the H. pylori. According to these protocols, only a fifth of the patients would strictly require endoscopic control. / Revisión por pares

This thesis deals with co-operatives, especially with housing co-operatives. The aim of the thesis is to show legal, tax and accounting regulation of the co-operatives. Thesis at first shows short history of the co-operative system, next it holds forth on contemporary legal and tax regulation and the last part pays attention to accounting of the co-operatives, especially to accounting of the housing co-operatives.

In recent years there have been many breakthroughs in software and hardware, which has increased the demand for mobile application development. Technology and innovation today has a big impact on how we live our lives as cell phones and the internet have taken market share and has become a part of everything we do, which is forcing companies to become more digitalized. The goal of this thesis is to develop a mobile application that will be used as a communication tool to streamline the work/communication within service industries. The work begins with a quantitative study where two restaurants were interviewed, TGI Friday and Grand Hotel, with the goal to get an image of the problem that needs to be solved. During the development phase Scrum is used as a project method to plan the progress of the project. In the end of the development a usability test is performed and the system is evaluated using Semat Kernel. The project results in a mobile application written in Objective C and Swift programming languages using the integrated development environment Xcode with ability to create account login using Facebook, and a map that displays the users current location and the ability to call the waitress anywhere in the restaurant. / De senaste åren har det varit många genombrott inom mjukvara och hårdvara, vilket har ökat kraven på mobilapplikationsutveckling. Teknik och innovation har idag en stor inverkan på hur vi lever våra liv eftersom mobiltelefoner och internet har intagit marknadsandelar och blivit en del av allt vi gör. Något som tvingar företag att bli mer digitaliserade. Målet med detta kandidatexamensarbete var att utveckla en mobilapplikation som ska användas som ett kommunikationsverktyg för att effektivisera arbetet och kommunikationen inom restaurangbranschen. Arbetet inleds med en kvantitativ förstudie där intervjuer genomfördes på två restauranger, T.G.I Friday och Grand Hôtel, med mål att få en bild kring problemet som ska lösas. Under utvecklingsfasen används Scrum som arbetsmetod i projektet. I slutet av utvecklingsfasen genomfördes en testanalys för att utvärdera användargränssnittet. Sedan används Semat Kernels utvärderingskriterier för att utvärdera systemet. Projektet resulterar i en mobilapplikation skriven i Objektive C och Swift programmeringsspråk med utvecklingsmiljö Xcode. Systemet möjliggör skapandet av konto och inloggning med Facebook samt en karta som visar användarens nuvarande position samt att användaren kan exempelvis kalla på personalen med hjälp av en knapp.

This study is about replacing an old bluetooth module with a new variant, namely the BM83 which is an integrated circuit that contains an internal DSP circuit, profiles and important functions such as noise reduction, acoustic echo removal and EQ filtering. The purpose of this study is to replace the old module with the BM83, as well as explore the internal DSP circuit in the BM83. The goal is to develop the audio system with a high performance bluetooth and explore the BM83's built-in DSP functions and its profiles to optimize sound quality. This study takes different methods and performs different experiments to test the ability of BM83 to replace RN52 in a DSP platform. In addition, it was proposed that an audiosystem should be managed in an operating system with the idea of optimizing data transfer by using some of new operating system mechanism methods. In this study, the differences between BM83 and RN52 were discussed in terms of their profiles, built-in CODEC and DSP algorithm.This study provides how SPP, A2DP and HFP can be used together when the BM83 is controlled by a DSP platform. In addition, it was tested how A2DP and HFP have a great importance in providing events that a DSP platform can decide on and how it chooses its source depending on these events. In addition, the data communication between the BM83 and an STM32F7 was tested via the SPP protocol, with the idea that any data would be sent and received via SPP without loss in data transmission. In conclusion, it was discussed what type of data communication is used between BM83 and an MCU in comparison between RN52 and how the built-in DSP circuit and itsprofiles are important for future research. This project was funded by the Hearing Research Foundation in project FA21-0017 and was carried out under the supervision of Amin Saremi. / Denna studie handlar om att ersätta en gammal bluetooth modul med en ny variant, nämligen BM83 som är en integrerad krets som innehåller en interna DSP krets, profiler och viktiga funktioner som brusreducering, akustisk ekoborttagning och EQ-filtrering. Syftet med denna studie är att ersätta den gamla modulen med BM83, samt utforska den interna DSP kretsen i BM83. Målet är att utveckla ljudsystemet med en högprestanda bluetooth och utforska BM83:s inbyggda DSP-funktioner och dess profilerför att optimera ljudkvalitet. Denna studie tar olika metoder och utför olika experiment för att testa BM83:s förmåga att ersätta RN52 i en DSP plattform. Dessutom föreslogs om att hur ett ljudsystem skulle hanteras i ett operativsystem med tanken på att optimera dataöverföringen. I denna studie diskuterades skillnaderna mellan BM83 och RN52 när det gäller deras profiler, inbyggda CODEC- och DSP-algoritmen. I denna studie belystes hur SPP, A2DP och HFP användes tillsammans när BM83 styrdes av en DSP plattform. Dessutom testades hur A2DP och HFP har en stor betydelse för att tillhandahålla händelser som kan en DSP plattform bestämma sig av och hur den väljer sin källa beroende på dessa händelser. Dessutom testades datakommunikationen mellan BM83 och en STM32F7 via SPP protokollet, med tanken på att valfri data skulle skickas och tas emot via SPP utan förlust i dataöverföring. Avslutningsvis diskuterades vilken typ av datakommunikation används mellan BM83 ochen MCU i jämförelse mellan RN52 och hur den inbyggda DSP kretsen och dess profiler är viktiga för framtida forskningar. Detta projekt finansierades av Hörselforskningsfonden i projekt FA21-0017 och utfördes under uppsikt av Amin Saremi.