Orientador: Yuzo Iano / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T09:55:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mesquita_OdairdosSantos_M.pdf: 8376051 bytes, checksum: 11a0307915c4b7e7e94393ba4f65c532 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Nos últimos anos houve uma evolução das redes de telecomunicações no Brasil. A implantação de redes de fibra óptica tornou-se uma realidade dos centros urbanos bem como nas áreas rurais. Com a expansão dessas redes observa-se o surgimento e a necessidade de normatização das redes ópticas passivas. Entre essas redes passivas destaca-se a EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) e a GPON (Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network). Com a expansão de redes de banda larga e de novos serviços ligados a ela, torna-se necessário a realização de estudos detalhados sobre a viabilidade técnica econômica e de aplicabilidade dessas redes. É por isso que desenvolvemos nesse trabalho um modelamento econômico financeiro sobre essas novas tecnologias. Esse modelamento permite escolher a tecnologia economicamente mais viável na implantação de projetos envolvendo as tecnologias GPON e/ou EPON. Esse projeto é baseado em um estudo de caso para um município do interior de São Paulo, Brasil. Durante o estudo realizamos um planejamento técnico econômico detalhado visando uma eventual implantação de uma dessas redes. Foi feita uma apresentação completa dessas tecnologias baseada no estudo de caso. Foi discutida a possibilidade de implantar esse projeto na cidade escolhida do interior de São Paulo ou em qualquer outra cidade brasileira / Abstract: In recent years there has been an evolution of telecommunications networks in Brazil. The implementation of fiber-optic networks has become a reality of urban centers and rural areas. With the expansion of these networks, we observed the emergence and the need for standardization of these passive optical networks. Among these networks, there are the EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) and GPON (Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network). With the expansion of broadband networks and new services linked to them, it becomes necessary to conduct detailed studies of the technical and economic applicability of these networks. We developed in this project a careful financial economic modeling on these new technologies. This modeling technique allows choosing the best of these technologies (GEPON/EPON) and the one that is economically feasible. This project is based on a case study for the city of São Paulo, Brazil. During the study, we performed a detailed techno-economic planning aimed an eventual implementation of any of these networks. A complete presentation of these technologies was done based on this case study. It was also discussed the possibility of implementing this project in the chosen city of São Paulo or any other Brazilian city / Mestrado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

A transmissão de dados e informação na fibra óptica vem aumentando nos últimos anos. O interesse para avaliar melhor a confiabilidade mecânica tomou-se uma necessidade, depois que uma fibra, de um cabo instalado, estava se partindo com muita facilidade. O foco principal deste trabalho foi voltado para estabelecer metodologias para avaliar o estado de degradação dos polímeros usados. Através destas técnicas, buscou-se encontrar parâmetros (E\', E\", tan &#948, Tg, etc.) que pudessem indicar o estado de degradação dos revestimentos. Diferentes técnicas foram empregadas para avaliar o revestimento das fibras tais como: calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), diferencial fotocalorimetria (DPC), análise térmica dinâmico mecânico (DMTA) e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FIIR). A partir da técnica desenvolvida, DMTA, esta pode ser empregada para avaliar a confiabilidade mecânica de várias fibras comercias. As técnicas DMTA e FIIR mostraram ser muito promissoras, pois consegue-se, através delas, obter muitos dados a respeito das características dos polímeros. / The datas and information transmission in the optical fiber have been increasing in the last years. The interest to evaluate the mechanical reliability became necessary, after that a optical fiber, from a cable installed, was cracking very easily. The principal aim of this work was establishing methodologies to evaluate the polymer degradation state. Through of this techniques we search to find out parameters (E\', E\", tan &#948, Tg. etc) that could denote the degradation state of the coatings. Different techniques were utilized to evaluate the coating of the optical fibers such as: differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), differential photocalorimeter (DPC), dynamic mechanic thermal analyzer (DMTA) and infrared spectroscopy (FIIR). From the method development (DMTA), it was possible to evaluate the mechanical realiability of many commercial fibers. DMTA and FTIR techniques shown to be very promising to obtain very dates to respect of polymer characteristics.

[pt] Desde o final da década de 80 a indústria de fibras óticas têm passado por avanços consideráveis. Através de técnicas controladas, as fibras ópticas podem gerar sinais associados a uma vasta gama de grandezas físicas funcionando como sensores denominados de Sensores a Fibra Óptica (SFO s). Diversas técnicas podem ser empregadas para tal, e entre as existentes a baseada em redes de Bragg é a que mais tem se destacado. O interesse por transdutores empregando esta técnica se justifica pelas vantagens proporcionadas pelo uso da luz, tais como sua capacidade de multiplexação, boa relação sinal/ruído, medições a longas distâncias, imunidade a campos eletromagnéticos, ausência de faísca, entre outras. Neste trabalho buscou-se desenvolver um transdutor e uma técnica de medição baseada em sensores a rede de Bragg para medição de vibrações mecânicas. Um acelerômetro óptico triaxial é projetado e construído. Diferentes modelos foram testados em busca das características de desempenho desejadas. Simulações numéricas empregando o método dos elementos finitos auxiliaram na decisão por melhores desenhos para o transdutor. Resultados de testes experimentais e calibrações empregando um sistema de aquisição de sinais desenvolvido são mostrados. Medições de longa duração para avaliação de estabilidade do sistema e efeitos de temperatura também são apresentados. / [en] Since the end of the 1980s, the fiber optics industry has experienced considerable advances. Through a number of controlled techniques, fiber optics can generate signals associated with a vast array of physical measures, working as sensors denominated Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS s). Many different techniques can be employed to achieve this objective. Among these, the one based on Bragg networks has received the greatest amount of attention. The interest in transducers employing this technique is justified by the advantages of using light, such as its multiplexing capability, good signal-to-noise ratio, possibility of long distance measurements, immunity to electromagnetic fields, and absence of sparks. In the present work, a transducer and measurement technique based on Bragg network sensors vibration are developed, in order to measure mechanical vibrations. A triaxial optical accelerometer is designed and built. Different models are tested in the search for the desired performance characteristics. Numerical simulations employing the finite element method help the decision making process for better transducer designs. Results from experimental and calibration tests using a newly developed signal acquisition system are presented. Long duration measurements to evaluate system stability and temperature effects are also shown.

The thesis deals with the possibility of using optical fiber as a sensor. The introduction of the thesis is devoted to the foundations of optics. In addition, the thesis deals with optical interferometry, polarization and dispersion in optical fiber. The main output of the thesis is the comparison of acoustic vibration measurements using interferometric and polarization methods and further measurements on the real route in Brno.

This thesis deals with the possibilities of energy transmission by optical fiber for the purpose of powering of electronic systems. It comprises issues of electrical energy conversion to optical energy, coupling the power into the optical fiber, coupling between fiber and opto-electric transducer, conversion of optical energy to electrical energy, and transformation on required voltage levels. The principles of such Power-Over-Fiber are discussed in the first part of the work. Various technologies for the implementation of key system parts and their effectivity are discussed. In the next part, several Power-Over-Fiber commercial devices are compared. Subsequently, systems for Power-Over-Fiber experimental implementations are proposed. They are based on the utilization of semiconductor laser, multimode fiber, photovoltaic cell and related electronic circuits. The final part of the thesis deals with the construction of experimental systems and measurement of parameters of transmitted power and efficiency.

This diploma thesis deals with the optimization of production process at ADC Czech Republic s.r.o. Primarily, the method of Lean Six Sigma is used. The first part has a form of the literary study where individual methods used within the company are described. These are further applied in the practical part. The second part presents a brief introduction of the company including the production portfolio. The last part focuses on the practical solution of particular problems of two packaging lines aiming to increase the utilization. In the thesis, the DMAIC improvement cycle is employed.

Diploma thesis focuses on a problematics of an optical networks in terms of an optical cables laying and a work with individual fibers. Thesis contains an basic physical properties which are used in a fiber optics. Methodology of correct working procedures used in fiber optics is discussed at the same time. Thesis also contains detailed documentation of realized optical connections including scheme of realized outdoor connection. 3D design of an rack case is also part of the thesis. Rack case provides an option to simulate plenty of different lengths of optical routes. Rack case is designed in 6U variant.

The thesis is focused on physical principles of signal transmission by optical fiber and effects that may have influence on such transmission. This knowledge is acquired with regard to future usage of optical fiber as a sensor for detection and localization of mechanical vibration. In the thesis, mentioned knowledge is taken in account and also there are described methods, which allow mechanical vibration for dozens of km. At the conclusion the laboratory sollution is suggested, allowing detection and localization in vast distance with possibility of real test in practice.The testing curcuits are used for measurement and results are processed for purpose of detection and localization of source. The measurement itself was made by testing curcuits and results were processed for purpose of detection and localization of source.

This work deals with the possibilities of laying and reverse lookup optical routes with the help of modern technology. Hereinafter, there are possibilities for documentation and registration of fiber optic lines. Speaking of thesis, it focuses on optical technology, advantages and disadvantages of this technology. Introduction focuses on fiber optic cable and related theoretical knowledge. Additionally, there are introduced comparisons with metallic lines. Another part is based on different searching methods for optical cables using metallic elements are analyzed in a detail. This section discusses galvanic and inductive methods. Subsequently, the thesis deals with searching for optical paths with the help of EMS (electronic marker system). Moreover, there are described individual types of electronic tags which are used in the installation of different kinds of lines. There are also briefly described seeker EMS markers, made by Dynatel. In addition to my work you can find the description of GPS (Global Positioning System) technology and routing the cable with the help of GPS system. Finally, possibility of documentation and evidence in the ArcGIS from ERSI and in the SPIDER-fiber from Gisoft is given. The overall functions of individual programs and their options are analyzed. The last section presents the implementation of laboratory tasks and programming burial markers, creating navigation in Urwigo and realisation with Openwing in Nokia phone. In the end of the work is map with markers positions.

This diploma thesis deals with an analysis of the method of propagation of optical fiber by two polarization planes. The method of light propagation is mathematically described using Jones and Stokes vectors. The first part describes wave theory of light divided by Fresnel wave theory, polarization ellipse, degenerate polarization states, parameters of polarization ellipse, Poincaré sphere and degenerated states on Poincaré sphere. Then follows Stokes and Jones polarization parameters, their vectors and Mueller matrix. In addition this paper illustrates the principle of the temperature sensor which is carried out with the help of the polarimeter and its computer program. The following is design of temperature sensor, which is composed of polarizer, photodiode, light output meter and digital multimeter. Another part of the thesis shows the measured values using the current measurement solution using polarimeter and proposed photodiode sensor. At the end of the thesis there is a comparison of the measured values for the three different temperatures that were applied to the optical fiber.