M.Sc. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Orientador: João Domingos Rodrigues / Coorientador: Jean-Paul Laclau / Banca: Elizabeth Orika Ono / Banca: Marcos Ventura Faria / Banca: Andréa Carvalho da Silva / Banca: Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas / Resumo: Dentre os fatores relacionados ao desenvolvimento e produção das plantas cítricas a disponibilidade hídrica é um dos mais relevantes. A utilização de irrigação em pomares de citros vem apresentando grande aumento e essa demanda gera a necessidade de estudos envolvendo a condição hídrica das plantas e de todos os processos relacionados ao uso da água. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a distribuição do sistema radicular da laranjeira 'Valência' enxertada sobre limoeiro 'Cravo' até a máxima profundidade em sistema irrigado e de sequeiro em solo arenoso e a relação entre a distribuição das raízes e a condição hídrica das plantas. O trabalho foi realizado em pomar comercial no município de Itatinga/SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, sendo constituído de dois tratamentos (irrigado e sequeiro) e quatro repetições. O sistema radicular da laranjeira foi avaliado até a profundidade máxima por meio de coletas de solo com trado motorizado, estimando-se a massa e a área de raízes finas. O incremento de biomassa foi estimado por meio de medições de biomassa aérea, biomassa de raízes e produção de frutos. O estado hídrico das plantas foi monitorado por meio de sensores de fluxo de seiva, avaliações mensais do potencial foliar de base e potencial foliar mínimo, avaliações mensais de trocas gasosas e condutância estomática. A biomassa total de raízes finas e a profundidade máxima de enraízamento foram maiores no tratamento de sequeiro que no irrigado. A aplicação de água, equivalente à 3% - 15% da precipitação anual, dependendo do ano de estudo, reduziu até 14% a biomassa de raízes finas com relação ao tratamento mantido em sequeiro e diminuiu 1 m a profundidade máxima de enraizamento. A densidade de massa de raízes finas ficou entre 536 g m-2 no tratamento irrigado, durante a estação seca de 2012 e 1210 g m-2 ... / Abstract: Among the factors related to the development and production of citrus water availability is one of the most relevant. The use of irrigation in citrus orchards have been great increase and this demand creates the need for studies involving the water status of plants and all processes related to water use. The objective was to study the root distribution of 'Valencia' orane grafted on 'Rangpur' lime and the maximum depth in irrigated and rainfed system in sandy soil and the relationship between the distribution of the roots and the water status of plants. The study was conducted in a commercial orchard in the city of Itatinga / SP. The experimental design was a randomized block, consisting of two treatments (irrigated and rainfed) and four replications. The root of the orange system was evaluated and the maximum depth through soil samples with motorized auger, estimating the mass and area of roots. The increase of biomass was estimated by biomass measurements, root biomass and fruit production. The water status of plants was monitored by means of sap flow sensors, monthly reviews of the bottom leaf potential and minimum leaf potential, monthly reviews of gas exchange and stomatal conductance. The total biomass of fine roots and the maximum depth of rooting were higher in rainfed than in irrigated. The aplication of water, equivalent to 3% - 15% of annual rainfall, depending on the study year, reduced to 14% biomass of fine roots regarding the rainfed treatment and decreased 1 m maximum depth of rooting. The mass density of fine roots was between 536 g m-2 in the irrigated treatment during the dry season of 2012 and 1210 g m-2 in the rainfed treatment during the rainy season of 2014. The maximum depth of the root system was 6.5 m in irrigated treatment and ... / Doutor

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / This study investigates the viability of the sedimentary deposits in the Northern Orange basin for carbon storage and sequestration. A combination of geological modelling, petrographic and geochemical techniques are used to investigate this scenario after an initial seismic-well tie had been performed to match the formation tops in Well AF-1 with the 3D seismic volume acquired in this basin in 2009. Core description of well AF-1 assisted in identifying different facies and samples taken at specific depths for petrographic and geochemical analyses, while different geological formations were mapped from the calibrated positions of seismic-well tie throughout the seismic volume. The well data and geophysical logs were utilized to generate petrophysical properties and used to calibrate observations made from seismic interpretations. The facies log used in this study was generated using the Python’s script on Petrel 2014 Gamma Ray, while the density log was used to generate the porosity log. The generated facies and porosity logs were upscaled and used to populate a 3D grid using faults and surfaces identified in the seismic volume. The sedimentological properties of the subsurface were identified utilizing petrographic descriptions including measurements of sorting, colour and grain sizes. While the mineralogical properties of the record was verified through XRD analyses and thin section. The facies and porosity modelling revealed the dominance of siltstones and sandstones as the main sedimentary facies throughout the sequence. Sandstones are extensive and prominent within the Cenozoic and Mastrichtian, while the unit dated to the Barremian is identified as having the best potential for CO2 storage based on the overlaying capping unit. Quartz, Plagioclase feldspar (Albite), Biotite and Kaolinite are the major minerals identified in all four samples. Each of these minerals has an implication for which may influence the long term storage of CO2 with the potential to form as they may form part of the inra-porous post-depositional cementation and hence change the porosity and permeability properties. The presence of Albite as observed on the XRD may predict possible mineralisation of CO2 to form Dawsonite when reservoir is injected with CO2. The Barremian sandstone which straddles the Aptian shale at the top and the Hauterivian Shale and Siltsone deposit at the bottom holds a good promise for a potential CO2 storage. An estimated volume of CO2 that could be stored in the reservoir of the Barremian sandstone in zone 8 is limited to the lateral seal of shale above the reservoir in zone 7 of the Aptian age. The method used to determine the potential storage capacity of CO2 was performed by Alexandros Tasianas and Nikolaos Koukouzas (2016). The Equation used to determine CO2 storage capacity is: mCO2 = RV * Ø * Sg * δ(CO2) . / 2021-09-01

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oklahoma, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-153).

No description available.

We questioned whether adrenergic amines extracted from the Seville orange Citrus Aurantium (CA) increases metabolic rate and enhance the thermic response to a 1.7MJ mixed meal (TEF) in lean and obese men and women; the latter had upper-body obesity, a condition associated with defective TEF, attributed to altered SNS. Nine lean (7M, 2F; BMI: 23 +/- 1 k g/m 2; waist circumference: 78 +/- 2 cm) and 13 obese (4M, 9F; BMI: 35 +/- 1 kg/m2; waist circumference: 105 +/- 3 cm) subjects were studied. With CA: (1) RMR increased more in men vs women (94 vs 42 kJ over 5 h), independently of body composition; (2) urinary epinephrine excretion increased in both groups and dopamine only in men. A 17% lower TEF in obese subjects was no longer significant when controlled for gender. By contrast, there was an effect of gender on TEF that remained significant when adjusted for measures of obesity. Women had a lower TEF that increased to values no longer different from men with CA. CA did not affect TEF in men. CA had no cardiovascular effects. Thus, CA ingestion increased thermogenesis by 4% above RMR and enhanced the lower TEF of women by 29% (46kJ).

This thesis describes the development of a decision support tool to be used in the operation of Vanderkloof Dam on the Orange River so that the supply of water to the lower Orange River can be optimised. The decision support tool is based on a hydrodynamic model that was customised to incorporate real time data recorded at several points on the river. By incorporating these data into the model the simulated flows are corrected to the actual flow conditions recorded on the river, thereby generating a best estimate of flow conditions at any given time. This information is then used as the initial conditions for forecast simulations to assess whether the discharge volumes and schedules from the dam satisfy the water demands of downstream users, some of which are 1400km or up to 8 weeks away. The various components of the decision support system, their functionality and their interaction are described. The details regarding the development of these components include: • The hydraulic model of the Orange River downstream of Vanderkloof Dam. The population and calibration of the model are described. • The modification of the code of the hydrodynamic engine so that real time recorded stage and flow data can be incorporated into the model • The development of a graphical user interface to facilitate the exchange of data between the real time network of flow gauging stations on the Orange River and the hydraulic model • The investigation into the effect of including the real time data on the simulated flows • Testing the effectiveness of the decision support system. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Inaug.-Diss.--Frankfurt a.M. / Lebenslauf. "Benutstes material": p. 104-114.