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Assessment of the impact of tobacco enforcement citations on Oregon tobacco retailers' knowledge, attitudes, practices and policies towards minors' accessStreet-Muscato, Louise 28 April 1997 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to assess whether or not enforcement of the
Minors and Tobacco Laws in the form of a citation had an impact on the
knowledge, attitudes, practices and policies of over-the-counter tobacco retailers in
Oregon. Demographic factors, such as store type, store size, ownership type, and
location of the store that may contribute to the retailers response to receiving a
citation for selling tobacco to a minor, were examined. The study examines two
randomly selected groups of over-the-counter tobacco retailers in Oregon. The
treatment group received a citation selling tobacco products to a minor while the
control did not. A mail survey was sent to retailers selected for the study. The
survey instrument measured the characteristics in each group, representing
knowledge, attitudes, practices, and policies relating to the Oregon Minors and
Tobacco Laws. The unit of analysis was owners or managers of retail stores. Cross-tabulation
and a chi-square test statistic was used to assess and determine if there
was a significant association between selected variables. Multiple regression was
employed to determine if there is a relationship between composite dependent
variables representing retailers' attitudes and practices and several demographic
variables. Stores that had received a citation were more vigilant in compliance
practices and perceptions than stores that had not received a compliance check and
citation. Retailers' believe that both negative and positive strategies are necessary to
achieve retailer compliance, retailers need more educational materials for training
employees, and that a training video and a device to help clerks calculate the age on
a minors ID would be useful. Retailers in both groups opposed the licensing of
retailers to sell tobacco. Owners and owner operated stores in country settings were
found to be resistant to policies aimed at reducing minors' access to tobacco
products. / Graduation date: 1997
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Operation of the motor systems resource facilityRollman, Thomas E. 23 May 1996 (has links)
A state of the art motor testing facility has been built at Oregon State University.
This is the largest independent testing laboratory of its type in the western United States.
The construction was funded by a consortium of industrial sponsors, with a goal of
becoming financially self-sufficient by charging the users for the services provided.
An operating philosophy has been developed which attempts to meet the diverse
needs of all parties involved including the University, the industrial sponsors and the
customers desiring either research or standardized testing services. To meet these needs a
business plan was developed along with an efficient, yet flexible, process for safely
testing equipment.
Safe operation of the laboratory is a prime consideration and has been addressed
through system design and procedural safeguards. Unlike installations of similar
equipment in industrial applications, this facility must accommodate a wide variety of
motors and drives in temporary configurations without unduly hindering the testing
process. Also, unlike many university based research projects this laboratory has the
capability of delivering high power levels which can result in potentially dangerous
situations if adequate safety precautions are not taken.
All of these objectives have been met and the laboratory is now in operation. As
the volume of testing increases, further issues will be raised and addressed within the
flexible operating structure which has been established. / Graduation date: 1997
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Northern goshawk nest site selection and habitat associations at the post-fledging family area scale in OregonDaw, Sonya Kathleen 07 May 1996 (has links)
Graduation date: 1997
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Characterization of adenovirus isolated from sheep in OregonBabar, Shakeel 08 September 1995 (has links)
Six 3 to 4 weeks old, cesarian-derived lambs were inoculated with ovine an
adenovirus isolate 475N. Inoculated lambs showed moderate clinical signs of respiratory
distress, conjunctivitis, and loose feces during the 10-day observation period. Virus was
detected from nasal and conjunctival swabs starting on postinoculation day (PID) 2.
Virus was detected in the feces in a inconsistent fashion. At necropsy, virus was present
in the lung, tonsils, and bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes of lambs necropsied on
PID 5 and 7. Tissue samples from gastrointestinal tract and kidney were negative for
the virus. Presence of virus in the feces was believed to be from replication in tonsillar
tissue. At necropsy, lambs showed signs of pneumonia and numerous intranuclear
inclusion bodies were detected in affected lung tissue. Virus neutralizing antibodies
appeared at low levels in serum on PID 6 and reached higher levels by PID 10.
Six ovine adenovirus prototype species, three uncharacterized ovine and bovine
adenoviruses isolates and two uncharacterized llama adenoviruses isolates were digested
with four different restriction enzymes. Digested viral DNA was separated in 0.7%
agarose gels. The enzymes Barn HI, Eco RI, Hind III, and Pst I digested viral DNA and
produced 2-10 bands. The profile of the band distribution permitted the differentiation
of the viruses under study. However, further studies using multiple isolates of each
species are required to determine if this procedure will efficiently distinguish different
species of ruminant adenoviruses.
Ten adenoviruses from sheep (including the six prototype species), one from
bovine and one from llama were studied by virus neutralization test to determine their
degree of antigenic similarities. Reciprocal virus neutralization tests were performed and
the degree of antigenic similarities, i.e., strain differentiation was determined by criteria
established by the International Committee for the Nomenclature of Viruses. Isolates
32CN (a bovine adenovirus) and 475N (an ovine adenovirus) were antigenically identical
and not neutralized by any of the prototype species antiserum. They are candidates for
a new species of ruminant adenoviruses. Ovine adenovirus isolate 47F was shown to be
a member of OAV-5 species while the llama adenovirus strain represents a newly
recognized species for this animal. / Graduation date: 1996
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Importance of SCANS employability skills as identified by workers and supervisors in OregonFanno, Wayne Leroy 24 April 1996 (has links)
Graduation date: 1996
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Use and perceptions among selected Oregon manufacturing companies concerning ergonomic consulting servicesLinn, Joy L. 29 June 1995 (has links)
This study surveyed a sample population of manufacturing companies in Oregon.
Respondents were surveyed concerning their perceptions of ergonomics and their use of
ergonomic consulting services from three potential sources of ergonomic consulting
services. The sources of ergonomic consulting services were the Oregon Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (OR-OSHA), Workers' Compensation insurance
carriers and private consultants.
The study found that companies with less than 100 employees were the least likely to
be familiar with ergonomics. Such companies were also the least likely to have used
ergonomic consulting services.
The perception of manufacturing companies of ergonomic consulting services was
positive. Respondents felt that recommendations provided by consultants from the
different sources were effective in meeting their ergonomic objectives. They indicated that
ergonomic consulting services were useful and should be used more frequently. This was
particularly true of respondents who had used services from OR-OSHA or services from
their Workers' Compensation insurance carriers. / Graduation date: 1996
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Factors affecting habitat use by black-tailed deer and Roosevelt elk in the Silver Burn, Southwestern OregonMichalski, Bret L. 14 July 1994 (has links)
A wildfire burned over 40,000 ha of conifer and mixed conifer-hardwood forest in
the Silver Creek drainage of southwestern Oregon in the fall of 1987 allowing me to
assess big game use of a large natural burn. I used fecal pellet group counts to estimate
habitat use and effects of forest management activities on Roosevelt elk (Cervus elaphus
roosevelti) and black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) within the Silver
Fire Recovery Project Area (SFRPA) of the Siskiyou National Forest. Pellet decay rate
and differences in observers' abilities to detect deer and elk pellet groups (interobserver
variability) were estimated to test validity of pellet group counts. Pellet group
persistence was estimated during a 10-month period. There were no differences in pellet
group persistence between elk and deer (P < 0.05). Observers differed in ability to detect
elk (F = 2.7; df = 4, 530; P = 0.03) and deer (F = 10.7; df = 4, 883; P < 0.0001) pellet
groups. Interobserver variability related to elk pellet groups was low and was attributed
to differences in numbers of transects searched by each observer. Two observers
detected greater mean numbers of deer pellet groups than did other observers. I counted
775 elk pellet groups and 3,888 deer pellet groups on four study areas within the SFRPA.
I analyzed habitat use for two periods: June to mid-October (summer-fall), and mid-
October through May (fall-spring). I used stepwise logistic regression to create models
predicting categories of habitat use during each period. Management variables were
added to the habitat models to estimate effect of management on predicted categories of
habitat use. Total overstory canopy cover was negatively related to deer use during both
use periods. Distance to road was the only significant management variable affecting
deer habitat use during the fall-spring period (P = 0.03). Slash cover had a negative
effect on probability of habitat use by deer during the summer-fall period (P = 0.02). Elk
use was negatively affected by steep slopes and hardwood canopies during both periods,
while grass seeding positively affected elk use during both summer-fall (P = 0.05) and
fall-spring (P = 0.03) use periods. Clearcutting had a negative effect on probability of
elk use during the fall-spring period (P = 0.04). / Graduation date: 1995
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The influence of net real estate income and other property characteristics on prices of agricultural properties within and among selected areas of Oregon, 1965-69Crowley, William D. 09 August 1971 (has links)
Concern over the apparent disparity between the farm use value
and current market value of property in agricultural areas continues
to remain a source of concern in many areas. This concern has
intensified in recent years, particularly in those agricultural areas
situated near urban centers and recreational areas.
The main thrust of the study was directed toward determining the
relationship between net real estate income per acre and sale price
pier acres of properties in selected agricultural areas of Oregon.
Three areas, ostensibly called agricultural areas, were selected for
analysis. The areas, as classified, included a basic agricultural
production area (dry land grain area in northcentral Oregon), an urban-recreation
influenced area (Douglas County in southwestern Oregon
bordered by the Pacific Ocean on the west and the Umpqua National
Forest on the east) and an urban influenced area (Marion County in the
populous and productive Willamette Valley in northwestern Oregon).
In addition to determining the influence of net real estate income
on property prices, the influence of other property characteristics on
property prices was analyzed in each area. The other property
characteristics included: year of sale, number of acres in sale,
assessed value of buildings per acre, miles to nearest paved road,
and miles to nearest town of at least 1,000 population.
Simple and multiple linear regression models were used to
analyze the influence of particular property characteristics on sale
price per acre. The same six-variable model was used in each area
to test whether partial regression coefficient values on corresponding
variables differed significantly among areas. Overlapping of 95 percent
confidence intervals around corresponding partial regression
coefficient values among areas was observed for all independent
variables except net real estate income per acre. The income
variable was an important determinant of sale price per acre only
for grain area and Douglas County sales. However, the partial
regression coefficient value of 49.71 in urban-recreation influenced
Douglas County implies an approximate 2.0 percent capitalization
rate compared to a coefficient value of 17.11 and a 5.8 percent
implied capitalization rate in the grain area.
Year of sale was an important influence on sale price per acre in
areas influenced more strongly by nonagricultural influences, i.e.,
Douglas and Marion Counties, as evidenced both by the level of significance
of the coefficient value and the value of the coefficient in each
of these areas. The annual rate of property price appreciation at the
mean was 14.3 percent in urban-recreation influenced Douglas County
and 12.1 percent in urban influenced Marion County. While not significantly
different from zero, the rate of price change was slightly
negative in the grain area.
Conclusions from the study were (1) that there is a significant
difference in the influence of net real estate income and other property
characteristics on prices of properties among selected agricultural
areas of Oregon, (2) that the nature and degree of relationship between
prices oi property sales analyzed and property characteristics of these
sales varied considerably within each agricultural area selected for
analysis, but especially in the urban-recreation and urban influenced
areas, and (3) that in spite of relatively low mean rates of return in all
three areas studied, a disparity between the farm use value and current
market value of land was found to exist only in urban-recreation
influenced Douglas County.
Implication of these results are that variously influenced agricultural
areas do exist, and that motives for and sources of satisfaction
from ownership of property in agricultural areas vary within and among areas. / Graduation date: 1972
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Seasonal abundance, distribution, and migration of the clover aphid, Nearctaphis bakeri (Cowen) in red cloverDreves, Amy J. 21 November 1990 (has links)
Four sampling techniques were evaluated to estimate clover aphid, Nearctaphis bakeri
(Cowen), abundance in red clover fields in the Willamette Valley. The Berlese funnel method
detected one to four times more aphids than other sampling techniques. Visual assessment
often underestimated the high aphid densities during the flowering and seeding of clover.
Sweep net and Schuh shaker techniques had limitations and underrated the numbers of aphids
present in the clover fields. Strong correlations (r² = 0. 74 - 0.87) were found between the
Berlese funnel technique and visual assessment technique in a 2nd year established field.
Numerical differences in the spatial distribution of N. bakeri on clover stems were
shown during various stages of plant development over the season. During development of
buds and axils, aphid numbers on the lower half of the plant averaged 1.5 times greater than
those on the upper half. As the season progressed into the flowering and seeding stage, aphid
numbers on the upper stem halves were approximately five times greater than those on the
lower half.
Winged clover aphids were too few to show definite peaks of flight using water traps,
averaging 2.19 aphids per yellow bucket during the June-August period. No significant
differences in aphid attractiveness to the different colors were found among water pan traps.
Yellow buckets captured approximately five times more alate aphids than did yellow, red, or
green pan traps. Traps placed on the south side of the field contained higher numbers of
aphids than in other locations in the red clover fields. / Graduation date: 1991
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Genetics and gene flow of organophosphate resistance in three predatory mites, Amblyseius andersoni Chant, Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten and Metaseiulus occidentalis Nesbitt (Acarina: Phytoseiidae), in OregonDunley, John E. 21 July 1993 (has links)
Genetics, gene flow, and distribution of pesticide
resistance traits were examined for organophosphate (OP)
resistance in three beneficial phytoseiid mites. Levels
and genetics of OP resistance in Amblyseius andersoni
were examined first. Laboratory strains from Italy and
Oregon, USA, were compared in susceptibility to
insecticides used in western Oregon fruit crops. The
Italian strain was 80-100 times more resistant to the OPs
azinphosmethyl, diazinon, malathion, and phosalone, as
well as carbaryl, a carbamate. Significant differences
were not found between strains for endosulfan or
fenvalerate. Using backcross analysis, response of F1
hybrids to azinphosmethyl indicated OP resistance was
semidominant. Through novel statistical analysis,
backcross of F1 to parent strains revealed resistance was
polygenic, with at least two loci. Reciprocal crosses
demonstrated the presence of maternal effects, with
increased variation associated with progeny of Oregon
females.
In the next set of experiments, electrophoresis of
allozymes was used to estimate gene flow for Typhlodromus
pyri. Ten populations from two apple growing valleys of
Oregon were compared. Subpopulations were collected from
in and around commercial apple orchards. Four loci
unaffected by pesticide use were examined. FST was
calculated at 0.115, and Nm as 2.08. No allelic patterns
could be discerned for populations among or within
valleys; however, more variation was present for mite
populations within valleys than between them. Some
inbreeding was found within populations. While from
dispersal studies one would conclude T. pyri is nondispersive,
allozymic analysis indicates there is
moderate gene flow.
Factors affecting OP resistance distribution in T.
pyri and Metaseiulus occidentalis were examined. A
diagnostic concentration of azinphosmethyl was used to
determine OP resistance frequencies for populations of
each species, collected in and near commercial apple
orchards in two valleys. OP resistance in T. pyri
populations was localized: mites from 10 m or more
outside orchards were OP susceptible, while those within
orchards were resistant. This indicated limited gene
flow. All M. occidentalis populations were resistant,
indicating a regional resistance pattern and high gene
flow. Factors which were not significant in the
distribution of OP resistance were: valley, degree of
orchard isolation, host plant, and seasonality. / Graduation date: 1994
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