Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-07T00:04:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaAvelinoRatkievicius_DISSERT.pdf: 1677113 bytes, checksum: 574ae813ba911afb1b3f7d4c127cd0ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-09T21:11:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaAvelinoRatkievicius_DISSERT.pdf: 1677113 bytes, checksum: 574ae813ba911afb1b3f7d4c127cd0ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-09T21:11:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaAvelinoRatkievicius_DISSERT.pdf: 1677113 bytes, checksum: 574ae813ba911afb1b3f7d4c127cd0ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Os fluidos de perfura??o base ?leo s?o utilizados em situa??es nas quais se requer caracter?sticas especiais, tais como as exigidas na perfura??o da camada Pr?-sal. Para o desenvolvimento de uma nova formula??o de fluido base ?leo foi escolhida a microemuls?o devido a sua maior estabilidade frente ?s emuls?es tradicionalmente utilizadas. Os fluidos foram preparados utilizando-se uma composi??o de microemuls?o (Winsor IV) definida atrav?s de diagrama de fases tern?rio constitu?do por ?leo de soja, ?lcool laur?co trietoxilado e ?gua salina. A este sistema microemulsionado adicionou-se bentonita s?dica modificada por brometo de hexadecil trimetil am?nio e baritina. A etapa de modifica??o da argila foi realizada utilizando-se tr?s diferentes concentra??es de tensoativo cati?nico com o objetivo de tornar poss?vel a dispers?o da argila em meio org?nico. Foi realizado um planejamento fatorial 2? com triplicata do ponto central para avalia??o da influ?ncia da concentra??o de tensoativo hexadecil trimetil am?nio na organofiliza??o da argila, da concentra??o de viscosificante na composi??o do fluido de perfura??o e da temperatura atrav?s das vari?veis respostas obtidas. As an?lises reol?gicas forneceram resultados de viscosidade pl?stica, viscosidade aparente, tixotropia e limite de escoamento. A partir destes resultados, determinou-se a formula??o de um fluido de perfura??o e este foi caracterizado atrav?s de ensaios reol?gicos. Os resultados mostraram que a adsor??o dos c?tions quatern?rios de am?nio na superf?cie da argila foi significativa e apresentou mais efici?ncia utilizando-se concentra??o de tensoativo acima da concentra??o micelar cr?tica. O estudo do efeito das vari?veis independentes mostrou que a temperatura ? o fator mais influente nas propriedades reol?gicas do fluido preparado. / The oil based drilling fluids are used in situations which require special characteristics such as high pressures and high temperatures required in drilling Pre-salt. For the development of a new formulation based fluid oil microemulsion was chosen due to its greater stability in the emulsion traditionally used. The fluids were prepared using a composition of the microemulsion (Winsor IV) defined by the ternary phase diagram consisting of soybean oil, lauryl alcohol trietoxilado and brine. In this microemulsion system was added sodium bentonite modified hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and barytes. The clay modification step was performed using three different concentrations of cationic surfactant in order to make possible the clay dispersion in organic medium. To evaluate the surface modification of clays were carried out the surface tension analysis and wettability analysis soybean oil, with the advance angle determination. To assist in implementation and processing of the data used a factorial design 2? with the center point triplicate to evaluate the influence of the concentration of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium surfactant in organophilization clay, the viscosifying concentration in the drilling fluid composition and temperature by the variables obtained responses. Rheological analysis provided plastic viscosity results, apparent viscosity, thixotropy and yield strength. The modified clay was measured as a function of contact angle and the results showed that there was a decrease in the contact angle as larger amounts of quaternary ammonium cations were adsorbed on clay surface, suggesting increased affinity for oil soybeans. The study of the effect of independent variables showed that temperature is the most influential factor in therheological properties of the prepared fluid.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-07T00:04:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoJoseVieiraDaCunhaFilho_DISSERT.pdf: 1842958 bytes, checksum: 2191a99f87d6cfed0a71cb2a9466d014 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-09T20:31:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoJoseVieiraDaCunhaFilho_DISSERT.pdf: 1842958 bytes, checksum: 2191a99f87d6cfed0a71cb2a9466d014 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-09T20:31:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoJoseVieiraDaCunhaFilho_DISSERT.pdf: 1842958 bytes, checksum: 2191a99f87d6cfed0a71cb2a9466d014 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-25 / A perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo, uma das etapas da explora??o de ?leo e g?s, ? feita ininterruptamente e hoje ? capaz de ser realizada em regi?es de grande complexidade como nas chamadas ?guas profundas. Para isto, ? de extrema import?ncia a utiliza??o do fluido de perfura??o. Dentre os fluidos de perfura??o existentes, os fluidos de perfura??o ? base de ?leo s?o utilizados em situa??es nas quais se requer maior resist?ncia a temperaturas elevadas, baixa taxa de corros?o, baixa solubilidade das forma??es de sal, tais como as encontradas nas perfura??es da camada pr?-sal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar reologicamente, atra? do STATISTICA 10, um fluido de perfura??o, produzido, a partir de um sistema microemulsionado, utilizando uma argila (bentonita) organofilizada. O fluido estudado foi constitu?do de n-parafina como fase ?leo, ?gua salina (35g/L de NaCl), tensoativo nonilfenoletoxilado com quatro graus de etoxila??o e a baritina, como adensante, para dar peso ao fluido e chegar ao peso de 8,5 lb/gal, usualmente utilizado em perfura??es e padr?o neste trabalho. O procedimento experimental foi dividido em seis etapas: processo de organofiliza??o da bentonita, na qual foi realizada a modifica??o superficial da argila atrav?s do tensoativo cati?nico brometo de hexadeciltrimetilam?nio (CTAB) em tr?s diferentes concentra??es: 30% acima da concentra??o micelar cr?tica (c.m.c); 30% abaixo da concentra??o micelar cr?tica (c.m.c); na concentra??o micelar cr?tica (c.m.c); an?lise da tens?o superficial e da molhabilidade, para assegurar que a modifica??o superficial foi realizada com sucesso; constru??o dos diagramas de fase tern?rios para obten??o dos sistemas microemulsionados; preparo do fluido de perfura??o; planejamento fatorial, para estudo estat?stico atrav?s do software STATISTICA 10.0; e an?lise reol?gica, que foi realizada no equipamento re?metro Thermo Cientific - HAAKE MARS (Modular Advanced Rheometer System) em tr?s diferentes temperaturas: 25?C, 45?C e 65?C. As vari?veis de respostas obtidas ap?s ensaio reol?gico foram: viscosidade pl?stica, viscosidade aparente, limite de escoamento e tixotropia. / For drilling of oil wells, one of the stages of oil and gas is of utmost importance to use the drilling fluid. Among the existing drilling fluids, the oil-based drilling fluids are used in situations which require higher strength at elevated temperatures, low corrosion rate, low solubility of the salt formations, such as those found in the perforations of the pre Layer-salt. This work aimed to study rheological, attracts STATISTICA 10 a drilling fluid, produced from a microemulsion system, using a clay (bentonite) organophilizated. The fluid was studied consisting of n-paraffin as oil phase, brine (35g / L NaCl), surfactant nonilfenoletoxilado with four degrees of ethoxylation and barytes as density modifier to give weight to the fluid and reach the weight 8.5 lb / gal, usually used in drilling and standard in this work. The experimental procedure was divided into six steps: organophilization process of bentonite, which was carried out the surface of the clay modified by the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrim ethylammonium bromide (CTAB) at three different concentrations: 30% above the critical micelle concentration (cmc); 30% below the critical micelle concentration (CMC); the critical micelle concentration (c.m.c); Analysis of surface tension and wettability, to assess the success of surface modification; Construction of ternary phase diagrams in order to obtain the microemulsion systems; preparation of drilling fluid; factorial design, to statistical study using STATISTICA software 10.0; and rheological analysis at three different temperatures: 25 ?C, 45 ?C and 65 ?C. The variable responses obtained after rheological testing were: plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield stress and thixotropy. It was noticed increased wettability by decreasing the contact angle, as larger amounts of quaternary ammonium cations were adsorbed onto the clay surface. In addition, statistical analyzes have provided model equations to represent the response variables as a function of control variables significant for medium and predictive studied intervals.