<p>An area within psychology that looks at the strengths and positive sides of human life has emerged the last decade. It is called positive psychology and one area related to that is positive adaptation. The main purpose of this paper is to describe the natural history of females’ positive extrinsic and intrinsic adaptation from childhood to adulthood, with a focus on typical positive patterns of adaptation and how these patterns develop within the same individual. The sample consisted of about 500 Swedish girls and data were taken at age 13, 15, and 43 from the longitudinal research program Individual Development and Adaptation (IDA). Variable-oriented methods were used to study basic relationships among factors both within age and between childhood and adulthood and person-oriented methods were used to study typical patterns of adaptation and how these patterns develop, using cluster analyses and cross-tabulation of clusters. The overall results show, as expected, more distinct typical positive adaptation patterns in the intrinsic than the extrinsic area in both childhood and adulthood. Significant longitudinal developmental streams between typical positive adaptation patterns in childhood and adulthood were found and these are discussed from a dynamic system perspective suggesting the interaction between factors thru reinforcing feedback processes.</p>

<p>In this diploma thesis we have aimed to identify metrics that accommodate two chosen system quality factors and implementing the selected metrics in a metrics tool. The metrics chosen should measure change in the system quality factors reusability and maintainability for the middleware system COS at Telenor Mobile and similar systems. The metrics tool should support the aspect-oriented programming language AspectJ, and is planned to be a plugin to the open source code analysis framework XRadar. Changes due to introduction of aspects are of particular interest.</p><p>We have through a GQM process identified the following subcharacteristics for the chosen system quality factors: modularity, testability, analyzability, changeability and stability. Questions are formulated to analyze these sub factors, and metrics that can answer the questions are chosen.</p><p>We have implemented the tool AspectMetrics, which calculate metrics on Java and AspectJ code and generates an XML report containing the measurement results. A transformation from XML to HTML web pages is also provided. The metrics tool can measure size metrics, like the number of statements and the number of classes, coupling, fan-in/fan-out, cohesion and advice-in/advice-out. Advice-in and advice-out are two new metrics which respectively measures how many advice a class (or aspect) is affected by and how many joinpoints an advice hits on. These metrics are inspired by the concept for the fan-in and fan-out metrics.</p><p>The tool has been used to analyze two versions of the system DIAS v.2.0, which is a part of a diploma study in 2000. We have in our preparation project in 2003 added aspects to the DIAS system while keeping the system functionally equal to the original version. We have used our metrics tool to calculate the differences between the system with and the system without aspects. The introduction of aspects gave a positive change in coupling, fan-in/fan-out and size measures, while cohesion was negatively affected. The metrics thus, overall, indicated a positive change to the subcharacteristics testability, analyzability, changeability and stability and both the main quality factors. There was no indication of a positive change to modularity.</p><p>The analysis of the measurement results indicates that most of the metrics perform as intended. The size metrics, coupling, fan-in/fan-out, and advice-in/advice-out all gave results that corresponded to what we had expected. However, the cohesion measure did not behave in a way that could be correlated to the actual changes performed on the code. A closer analysis showed that moving and merging of functionality could result in either an increase or a decrease in cohesion. Thus we find that cohesion, at least in its current form, is not a suitable metric when using aspect-oriented programming. Further, this gave reason to reinvestigate the disappointing modularity results. With a reworked set of criteria we also found indication of improved modularity.</p>

We present a type-based approach to statically derive symbolic closed-form formulae that characterize the bounds of heap memory usages of programs written in object-oriented languages. Given a program with size and alias annotations, our inference system will compute the amount of memory required by the methods to execute successfully as well as the amount of memory released when methods return. The obtained analysis results are useful for networked devices with limited computational resources as well as embedded software. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2001. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 54 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-53).

Thesis (M.S.C.I.T.)--Regis University, Denver, Colo., 2006. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 20, 2007). Includes bibliographical references.

Walking to transit stations is proposed as one of the strategies to increase the use of transit. Urban planners, transportation planners, environmentalists, and health professionals encourage and support environmental interventions that can reduce the use of cars for all kinds of trips and use alternative modes of travel such as walking, biking, and mass-transit. This study investigates the influence of the built-environment on walking to transit stations. Transit-oriented communities at quarter and half-mile distances from the Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) station in Dallas, Texas, were analyzed to identify the relation of various constructs of built-environment on walking to the DART stations. Twenty-one pedestrian indices were reviewed to develop a comprehensive list of 73 built-environment variables used to measure the suitability to walk. This study aims to objectively measure built-environment using spatial data. Based on this criterion the total number of variables was narrowed to 32. Walking to transit, calculated as a percentage of transit users who walk to the DART LRT stations, was used as the dependent variable. The number of stations in operation and used for analysis in this study is 20(n). Therefore, bootstrapping was used to perform the statistical analysis for this study. The final pattern of variable grouping for the quarter-mile and the half-mile analysis revealed four principal components: Vehicle-Oriented Design, Density, Diversity, and Walking-Oriented Design. Bootstrap regression revealed that density ( = -0.767) was the only principal component that significantly (p<0.05) explained walking to transit station at quarter-mile distance from the station. At half-mile distance built-environment variables did not report any significant relation to walking to transit. The present study revealed that mere increase of density should not be taken as a proxy of increase in walking. Environmental interventions that can promote walking should be identified even at locations with high density. Further studies should use advanced statistical techniques such as Hierarchical Linear Modeling or Structural Equation Modeling to test the relationship of both the principal components and the individual variables that define the principal component to clearly understand the relationship of built-environment with walking to transit station.

Mobile transactions have been in development for around ten years. More and more initiatives and efforts are invested in this area resulting in dramatic and rapid development and deployment of mobile technologies and applications. However, there are still many issues that hinder wider deployment and acceptance of mobile systems, especially those handling serious and sensitive mobile transactions. One of the most important of them is security.This dissertation is focused on security architecture for mobile environments. Research issues addressed in this dissertation are based on three currently important groups of problems: a) lack of an open, comprehensive, adaptable and secure infrastructure for mobile services and applications; b) lack of standardized solutions for secure mobile transactions, compliant with various regulatory and user requirements and applicable to different types of popular mobile devices and hardware/software mobile platforms; and c) resource limitations of mobile devices and mobile networks.The main contribution of this dissertation is large-scale, secure service-oriented architecture for mobile environments. The architecture structures secure mobile transaction systems into seven layers, called trusted stack, which is equivalent to ISO/OSI layered networking model. These layers are, starting from the bottom: 1) secure element (chip) layer, 2) applets layer, 3) middleware layer, 4) mobile applications layer, 5) communication layer, 6) services broker layer, and 7) mobile service provider layer. These seven layers include all necessary components required for implementation and operations of secure mobile transaction systems and therefore provide a framework for designing and implementing such systems.Besides the architecture, four types of security services necessary and critical for serious mobile transactions, have also been designed and described in the dissertation. These services are: (1) mobile registration and identity management; (2) mobile PKI; (3) mobile authentication and authorization; and (4) secure messaging. These services are lightweight, therefore suitable for mobile environments, technologies and applications, and also compliant with existing Internet security standards.Finally, as the proof of correctness of the proposed concept and methodology, a prototype system was also developed based on the designed security architecture. The system provides comprehensive security services mentioned above to several types of mobile services providers: mobile banking, mobile commerce, mobile ticketing, and mobile parking. These types of providers have been selected only as currently the most popular and representative, since the architecture is applicable to any other type of mobile service providers.

In this diploma thesis we have aimed to identify metrics that accommodate two chosen system quality factors and implementing the selected metrics in a metrics tool. The metrics chosen should measure change in the system quality factors reusability and maintainability for the middleware system COS at Telenor Mobile and similar systems. The metrics tool should support the aspect-oriented programming language AspectJ, and is planned to be a plugin to the open source code analysis framework XRadar. Changes due to introduction of aspects are of particular interest. We have through a GQM process identified the following subcharacteristics for the chosen system quality factors: modularity, testability, analyzability, changeability and stability. Questions are formulated to analyze these sub factors, and metrics that can answer the questions are chosen. We have implemented the tool AspectMetrics, which calculate metrics on Java and AspectJ code and generates an XML report containing the measurement results. A transformation from XML to HTML web pages is also provided. The metrics tool can measure size metrics, like the number of statements and the number of classes, coupling, fan-in/fan-out, cohesion and advice-in/advice-out. Advice-in and advice-out are two new metrics which respectively measures how many advice a class (or aspect) is affected by and how many joinpoints an advice hits on. These metrics are inspired by the concept for the fan-in and fan-out metrics. The tool has been used to analyze two versions of the system DIAS v.2.0, which is a part of a diploma study in 2000. We have in our preparation project in 2003 added aspects to the DIAS system while keeping the system functionally equal to the original version. We have used our metrics tool to calculate the differences between the system with and the system without aspects. The introduction of aspects gave a positive change in coupling, fan-in/fan-out and size measures, while cohesion was negatively affected. The metrics thus, overall, indicated a positive change to the subcharacteristics testability, analyzability, changeability and stability and both the main quality factors. There was no indication of a positive change to modularity. The analysis of the measurement results indicates that most of the metrics perform as intended. The size metrics, coupling, fan-in/fan-out, and advice-in/advice-out all gave results that corresponded to what we had expected. However, the cohesion measure did not behave in a way that could be correlated to the actual changes performed on the code. A closer analysis showed that moving and merging of functionality could result in either an increase or a decrease in cohesion. Thus we find that cohesion, at least in its current form, is not a suitable metric when using aspect-oriented programming. Further, this gave reason to reinvestigate the disappointing modularity results. With a reworked set of criteria we also found indication of improved modularity.

An area within psychology that looks at the strengths and positive sides of human life has emerged the last decade. It is called positive psychology and one area related to that is positive adaptation. The main purpose of this paper is to describe the natural history of females’ positive extrinsic and intrinsic adaptation from childhood to adulthood, with a focus on typical positive patterns of adaptation and how these patterns develop within the same individual. The sample consisted of about 500 Swedish girls and data were taken at age 13, 15, and 43 from the longitudinal research program Individual Development and Adaptation (IDA). Variable-oriented methods were used to study basic relationships among factors both within age and between childhood and adulthood and person-oriented methods were used to study typical patterns of adaptation and how these patterns develop, using cluster analyses and cross-tabulation of clusters. The overall results show, as expected, more distinct typical positive adaptation patterns in the intrinsic than the extrinsic area in both childhood and adulthood. Significant longitudinal developmental streams between typical positive adaptation patterns in childhood and adulthood were found and these are discussed from a dynamic system perspective suggesting the interaction between factors thru reinforcing feedback processes.

Emotions play an important role in affecting human¡¦s behaviors. It is obvious especially in the negotiation process. However, these emotional interactions disappear in the electronic communication media. Emoticons provide a new way for negotiators to show their emotions in e-negotiation. E-negotiation support system is composed of electronic communication and decision support system. Using emoticons could help negotiators display their emotions to counterparts. This study explored the effect of emoticon on negotiation process from the aspect of communication. In general, e-communication can be separated into social-emotional communication and task-oriented communication. Emoticons retrieve multiple cues and enable negotiators transmit emotions so that the interactions increase. As a result, more social-emotional communication happens between negotiators. Previous studies indicate that nonverbal cues could add the meaning of messages. In the negotiation process, negotiators may lower down the opportunity of misunderstanding by using emoticons to express their thought in text and increase the quality of communication. The negotiation process may be more effective and increase the ability to reach agreement. Negotiators will be more satisfied of the process and their counterparts when the outcome is equal or better than what they expected. The purpose of this study is to explore whether supporting emoticons influence negotiators communication behavior and change the negotiation process. For this purpose, we conducted an experiment and adopted content analysis to define the social-emotional communication and task-oriented communication behaviors. We also measured the perceived communication effectiveness and satisfaction of negotiation process by questionnaire. The results showed that emoticons increase the frequency of social-emotional communication. Social-emotional communication also increases the negotiators¡¦ task-oriented communication. As a result the communication becomes more effective. Negotiators have better satisfaction of negotiation process.