A quantitative study was conducted to determine the socio-economic outcomes for the beneficiaries of the Expanded Child Survival Initiative in Uganda. The population comprised of all orphans and vulnerable children who were trained under the Expanded Child Survival Initiative of which a sample of 102 respondents were included in the structured data collection process. The outcomes that were explored were employment, income, assets and family support to siblings and other dependants by the primary beneficiaries. The findings show that the outcomes of the Expanded Child Survival Initiative were positive and benefited socio economic lives of the respondents and their family members. The majority of the respondents were using the skills obtained from the training and were employed. The employment provided a source of income and the income earned facilitates the respondents in providing the basic needs of the family members. They were able to provide adequately for most of their basic needs. The findings also show that the respondents had accumulated some assets. A number of factors influenced the utilisation of the newly acquired skills including having tool kits, start-up capital and business management skills. It is recommended that training providers should provide start-up support to the apprentices in order to facilitate them to utilise the skills obtained from apprenticeship trainings. / Public Health / Thesis (M.A. (Public Health))

As a result of the Zimbabwean socio-economic and political crisis many have joined the Diaspora leaving their children behind in the care of others. Qualitative research in the form of in-depth semi-structured interviews carried out with seventeen adolescent Zimbabwean Diaspora orphans evidenced a number of emerging themes that illuminate how these adolescents view their situation, such as symptomology of depression, feelings of abandonment and rejection, conflicting feelings, lack of social support, the importance of communication, role changes and additions, materialism, challenges presented by relationships with caregivers, and vulnerability to sexual abuse and molestation. Most of the themes do not appear to be country specific but are shared by adolescent Diaspora orphans world-wide. Defence and coping mechanisms employed by these adolescents to cope with parental absence were also identified. Recommendations aimed at optimising their integration in society and suggestions for further research in this field conclude this study. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

This research was designed to explore the challenges faced by community-based interventions for orphans and vulnerable children in Mutare, Zimbabwe. This study employed qualitative case study method which focused on the two community-based organisations, FACT and Simukai. Cross-case data analysis relating to research questions was done using transcriptions organised by themes and sub-themes from focus group discussions with volunteers, in-depth interviews with caregivers and staff from both CBOs. Findings show that communities are committed to the care and support of OVCs by offering their voluntary services. Despite volunteer/caregivers’ commitment to care and support OVCs, some challenges noted by caregivers were: caregiver fatigue, lack of material resources for OVCs during visits and lack of interest in young people taking up voluntary work. Simukai and FACT interventions were found to be mainly education, psychosocial support, medical assistance, project management, capacity building and financing of self help projects for OVCs and their families. / Sociology / M. A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The HIV/AIDS pandemic is destroying young adults in the prime of their lives. Children not only become orphans, but also gain instant “adult” status – becoming heads of households, breadwinners and customers. Children who fill such roles must be recognised as important stakeholders with regard to business. As limited available estimations suggest that South Africa is home to 800 000 orphans, corporations must realise that it will make good business sense to invest in the country’s AIDS orphans1 today, as these children will constitute both their future clients and employees. This study examines trends in the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives of five major corporations in the South African motor manufacturing sector. AIDS orphans were also involved in the study through participation in three focus group discussions. The evidence reveals that corporations do not recognise AIDS orphans as important stakeholders to business, nor do they see it as their responsibility to carry the burden of care for such children. Orphans felt that corporations in this business sector do not care about their needs and well-being. They regarded companies who were involved in CSR projects in their communities as “caring” and this resulted in the children hosting positive feelings towards involved companies. They even expressed the desire to purchase their brand of motor vehicle, as opposed to competitor’s brands that were not involved (through CSR) in their community, in future. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die MIV/VIGS pandemie is besig om die lewens van jongmense te verwoes. Kinders word nie alleenlik wees gelaat nie, maar word ook oornag volwassenes. Hulle word die hoof van huishoudings, broodwinners en kliënte vir besighede. Kinders wat hierdie rolle vervul moet daarom as belangrike aandeelhouers in die besigheidswêreld erken word. Beperkte skattings veronderstel dat Suid-Afrika tans ongeveer 800 000 weeskinders huisves. Besighede moet, in die lig hiervan, besef dat dit goeie besigheidssin maak om in VIGSWeeskinders1 te belê, aangesien hierdie kinders hul toekomstige kliënte en werknemers is. Hierdie studie ondersoek tendense in besighede se sosiale verwantwoordelikheidsinitiatiewe (“Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives”), binne die motorvervaardigingsbedryf van Suid- Afrika. VIGS-Weeskinders was ook nouliks by die studie betrokke, deur middel van deelname aan drie fokusgroepbesprekings. Die studie het bewys dat besighede nie VIGSWeeskinders as belangrike aandeelhouers erken nie, en dat dit ook nie as hul plig gesien word om na weeskinders om te sien nie. Weeskinders, daarenteen, was van die opinie dat besighede in dié bepaalde bedryf nie omsien na hul welstand, of probeer om in hul behoeftes te voorsien nie. Kinders het wel besighede wat betrokke is by sosiale verwantwoordelikheidsinitiatiewe in hul gemeenskappe, beskryf as “liefdevol”, en dit het daartoe gelei dat kinders positiewe houdings jeens sulke besighede gehuldig het. Kinders het selfs die behoefte uitgespreek om, eendag eerder handelsmerke se voertuie te koop wat wel sosiale verwantwoordelikheidsinitiatiewe in hul gemeenskappe bedryf, as dié wat niks doen om hul lot te verlig nie.

Thesis (MPhil)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the consequences of HIV/AIDS is the large number of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). Most OVC care givers in African communities are elders. The elders use their meagre pension hand out to support their OVC grandchildren. The Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Well Fare (MGECW) has responded to the financial burden of the OVC care-givers by issuing different social grants to the OVC. Due to preventing factors not all OVC are receiving these grants. The Namibian Government has formulated different policies protecting the rights of OVC. However, not all stakeholders are implementing these policies which lead to the OVC`s rights being compromised. This study was conducted in Omusati Region in Namibia to determine the factors that prevent some of the OVC care-givers from accessing the social grants and other benefits entitled to the OVC under their care. Data for this study have been obtained from four sources, using four different data collection methods. In depth interview have been used to collect data from twelve Community Childcare Workers (CCW) in the (MGECW) administering the OVC`s grants applications at twelve Constituencies. Some information was obtained using structured questionnaire from twenty four teachers dealing with OVC at twelve schools in twelve Constituencies. The officials from the Ministry of Home Affairs and Immigration (MHAI) have been engaged in focus group discussion to provide valuable information to this study. Literature has also been reviewed to shed more light on the subject under investigation. This study discovered that there are various impediments preventing the care-givers from obtain the OVC social grants. Lack of documents, transport costs and long distances coupled with cumbersome process of processing grants applications and issuing national documents are among the preventing factors. This project has been concluded with recommendations which if implemented will smoothen the process of grants accessibility. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Een van die gevolge van MIV/Vigs is die groot aantal weeskinders en kwesbare kinders (OVC). OVC sorg gewers in Afrika-gemeenskappe is die ouderlinge. Die oudstes gebruik hul karige pensioen hand uit hul OVC kleinkinders te ondersteun. Die Ministerie van Geslagsgelykheid en Kinderwelsyn Wel Fare (MGECW) het gereageer op die finansiële las van die OVC versorgers deur die uitreiking van verskillende maatskaplike toelaes aan die OVC. As gevolg van die voorkoming van faktore nie alle OVC hierdie toekennings ontvang. Die Namibiese regering het verskillende beleide wat die beskerming van die regte van die OVC geformuleer. Egter nie alle belanghebbendes die implementering van hierdie beleid wat lei tot die OVC se regte word gekompromitteer. Hierdie studie is uitgevoer in die Omusati-streek in Namibië om die faktore wat verhoed dat sommige van die OVC versorgers van toegang tot die maatskaplike toelaes en ander voordele geregtig op die OVC onder hul sorg te bepaal. Data vir hierdie studie is verkry uit vier bronne, deur gebruik te maak van vier verskillende data-insamelingsmetodes. In diepte onderhoud is gebruik om data van twaalf Gemeenskap Kindersorg Werkers (CCW) te versamel in die (MGECW) die administrasie van die OVC se toelaes aansoeke op twaalf Kiesafdelings. Sommige inligting is verkry met behulp van gestruktureerde vraelys uit 24 onderwysers die hantering van OVC by twaalf skole in twaalf Kiesafdelings. Die amptenare van die Ministerie van Binnelandse Sake en Immigrasie (MHAI) is besig met die fokusgroepbespreking om waardevolle inligting te verskaf aan hierdie studie. Literatuur is ook hersien om meer lig te werp op die onderwerp wat ondersoek word. Hierdie studie het ontdek dat daar verskeie struikelblokke wat verhoed dat die versorgers van die OVC maatskaplike toelaes te verkry. Gebrek van dokumente, vervoerkoste en lang afstande, tesame met 'n omslagtige proses van die verwerking van toelaes aansoeke en die uitreiking van nasionale dokumente is onder die voorkoming van faktore. Hierdie projek is afgesluit met aanbevelings wat, indien dit geïmplementeer word, die toegang to toelaes sal verbeter.

A quantitative study was conducted to determine the socio-economic outcomes for the beneficiaries of the Expanded Child Survival Initiative in Uganda. The population comprised of all orphans and vulnerable children who were trained under the Expanded Child Survival Initiative of which a sample of 102 respondents were included in the structured data collection process. The outcomes that were explored were employment, income, assets and family support to siblings and other dependants by the primary beneficiaries. The findings show that the outcomes of the Expanded Child Survival Initiative were positive and benefited socio economic lives of the respondents and their family members. The majority of the respondents were using the skills obtained from the training and were employed. The employment provided a source of income and the income earned facilitates the respondents in providing the basic needs of the family members. They were able to provide adequately for most of their basic needs. The findings also show that the respondents had accumulated some assets. A number of factors influenced the utilisation of the newly acquired skills including having tool kits, start-up capital and business management skills. It is recommended that training providers should provide start-up support to the apprentices in order to facilitate them to utilise the skills obtained from apprenticeship trainings. / Public Health / Thesis (M.A. (Public Health))

As a result of the Zimbabwean socio-economic and political crisis many have joined the Diaspora leaving their children behind in the care of others. Qualitative research in the form of in-depth semi-structured interviews carried out with seventeen adolescent Zimbabwean Diaspora orphans evidenced a number of emerging themes that illuminate how these adolescents view their situation, such as symptomology of depression, feelings of abandonment and rejection, conflicting feelings, lack of social support, the importance of communication, role changes and additions, materialism, challenges presented by relationships with caregivers, and vulnerability to sexual abuse and molestation. Most of the themes do not appear to be country specific but are shared by adolescent Diaspora orphans world-wide. Defence and coping mechanisms employed by these adolescents to cope with parental absence were also identified. Recommendations aimed at optimising their integration in society and suggestions for further research in this field conclude this study. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

This research was designed to explore the challenges faced by community-based interventions for orphans and vulnerable children in Mutare, Zimbabwe. This study employed qualitative case study method which focused on the two community-based organisations, FACT and Simukai. Cross-case data analysis relating to research questions was done using transcriptions organised by themes and sub-themes from focus group discussions with volunteers, in-depth interviews with caregivers and staff from both CBOs. Findings show that communities are committed to the care and support of OVCs by offering their voluntary services. Despite volunteer/caregivers’ commitment to care and support OVCs, some challenges noted by caregivers were: caregiver fatigue, lack of material resources for OVCs during visits and lack of interest in young people taking up voluntary work. Simukai and FACT interventions were found to be mainly education, psychosocial support, medical assistance, project management, capacity building and financing of self help projects for OVCs and their families. / Sociology / M. A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

This work is engaged in theme of orphan's agenda and care for orphans in region Prácheň in 18th century. First part this work is engaged in law limitation of orphan's position and insurance orphan's and guardian's charge in law codices. This part represents evolution of law position from Roman period until law codification of Pavel Kristian from Koldín. One of important factor for orphan's life was guardian, therefore is in this part also limitation for guardian's charge. Second part of work is engaged in position of orphans in Czech towns in 18th century. Work is in next chapters engaged in towns that were in property of family Schwarzenberg. In this chapter are this town introduce. In this part of work are further manners of leading of orphan's agenda and his regulating, then how intervened suzerain in leading of orphan's agenda. Also this chapter describe instruction for leading of orphan's agenda in manor Netolice, what is preserved in State regional archives in Třeboň. Fundamental chapters are engaged in orphan's agenda in a several towns in region Prácheň. This chapter above all engage in three kinds of orphan's agenda, then orphan's books, orphan's accounts and confronting of orphans. Orphan's books are introduced from towns Lhenice, Netolice, Volary and Bavorov. Orphan's accounts are introduced from towns Lhenice, Netolice, Volary and Záblatí and confrontig of orphans are introduced from towns Lhenice, Netolice and Volary. All kinds of orphan's agenda are presented in their formal aspect and also in contents aspect. Here is put down evolution of orphan's agenda and changes in their leading. All work goes out from wells, which are deposited in State district archives in Prachatice, State district archives in Strakonice and also in State regional archives in Třeboň. In Prachatice and Strakonice are depositing all kinds of orphan's agenda and this is important for comparing their method of leading.

The aim of this study was to investigate the schooling experiences of four orphaned learners at Mandini Secondary School in the Maluti District of Education in the Eastern Cape. The study adopted a qualitative research methodology and a phenomenological research design. Purposive sampling was adopted and the tape recorded narrative responses of all four respondents, were obtained from the use of in-depth phenomenological unstructured interviews. The respondents were four orphaned children (two males and two females) between the ages of fifteen and twenty years. The study used the Social Rupture Theory as lenses of analysis of the findings. This was considered a very sensitive topic because the respondents had to relate issues which could result in them reliving traumatic experiences. As a result more attention was paid on ethical issues and making the respondents feel comfortable. The respondents were capable of distinguishing between their quality of life while their parents were still alive and well; when they (the parent[s]) became sick and when they eventually died. Furthermore, the respondents highlighted the negative effects of parental absence in their education. In addition, these orphaned children formed relationships with the school community after their parents’ death which, to some extent, had a positive effect on their schooling. Based on these findings the study suggests that educators need to be trained in diagnosing psycho-social problems and given skills to deal with them. Similarly, short courses should be organized for guardians and community development workers in identifying and counseling of problems.