Verksamheter utför ofta någon form av utvärdering för att utveckla sig själva och för att få in värdefulla värderingar från sina deltagare. Detta görs ibland helt utan tanke på vad det ställer för krav på utvärderingskonstruktörerna för att respondenterna ska kunna återge sin version så enkelt och verklighetsåterspeglande som möjligt. Istället utförs dem utan tanke på målgruppen och kan därför komma att generera rent av oanvändbar data. Med utgångspunkt i detta har föreningen Hello World! efterfrågat en utvärderingsmetod till sitt programmeringsläger. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur en utvärderingsmetod kan utformas för att erhålla data från ungdomar på ett programmeringsläger som är enkel att fatta beslut efter, så kallad angripbar data. Hello World! är alltså en utbildningsrelaterad verksamhet med deltagande ungdomar i åldrarna 12-16 år. Målet för studien är även att anpassa utvärderingsmetoden till förutsättningarna verksamheten för med sig, varav den största är att denna utbildningsrelaterade verksamhet sker helt utanför skolan. Detta har gjorts genom att först arbeta fram ett förslag på en utvärderingsmetod med hjälp av en fokusgrupp och med stöd i tidigare forskning inom ämnet. Därefter har metoden testats iterativt fyra gånger på en högstadieskola i Stockholms kommun. Varje testtillfälle har analyserats var för sig och nästkommande iteration bygger på de tidigare. Studiens resultat tyder på att utvärderingar på ungdomar bör maskeras så att de inte upplever att de utför en utvärdering. De bör även få utföra utvärderingar i grupp, då motivation är en viktig faktor och ungdomarnas motivation ökar om de ingår i en social gemenskap. Även lägerledarna bör integreras i utvärderingen eftersom ungdomar i åldrarna 12-16 år besitter en icke fullt utvecklad kognitiv förmåga och har således en benägenhet att lämna otillräckliga svar. / Businesses are often using some sort of evaluation to get useful insight from their members and to develop themselves, but many evaluations are carried out on routine and may generate useless data or data that require an extensive analysis. The association Hello World! has on this basis asked for an evaluation method to be used on their programming camp. Hello World! is an education related business, whose participants are adolescents (12-16 years old), with the goal to motivate young individuals to the subject of programming. The purpose of this report is to examine how an evaluation method could be designed to generate actionable data from adolescents who are participating at a programming camp, called Hello World!. The purpose is also to adapt the evaluation method to the conditions that apply on a programming camp, where the most unique condition is that the camp is an education related business taking place outside the school environment. The evaluation method has been tested using an iterative approach and it was tested four times during programming sessions taking place at a lower secondary school in Stockholm Municipality. Each session has been analyzed separately and the next-coming iteration is based on the previous. The result implies that evaluations where adolescents participate should be disguised so the participants do not feel like they are evaluated. When gathering feedback from adolescents we found that evaluation done in pairs works well, because motivation is an important factor and the motivation of the adolescents increases if they are part of a social community. The camp leaders play an important part of the evaluation as well since adolescents have limited cognitive skills.

A new device gets developed almost bi-weekly, some offering a unique take on resolution or aspect ratio. For a web developer, this means that they have to constantly adapt and respond to how modern devices interact with the web, and create solutions that work for the visitors. This puts a lot of pressure on the developer to create a good, responsive webpage that is not expecting a certain device, but rather works fluently no matter the exact size of device.In this study this development is researched and discussed, from the viewpoint of what the differences are between established and future devices, what developments that might arise tomorrow and how to react to these as a developer. The goal is also to research what methods of responsive web development works best with these devices, and what might become an issue when newer devices are released and becoming widely used.The research is split up into two parts, one part comparing three popular frame- works and their responsiveness-related functions and the second part reviewing earlier work regarding responsiveness for modern devices.Modern, well developed frameworks offer a lineup of functions for responsive web development, most which integrate well when met with non-standard resolutions or devices with the tradeoff of being more heavyweight and less customizable. Research concluded that modern frameworks are covering most aspects of responsive web de- velopment, and offers a good base to implement responsive web development for future devices.Developing from having two different webpages, one mobile and one for a home PC, now almost every large webpage implements a responsive and adaptable interface which fits many more devices without slotting them into a specific niche. After this became standard, more and more unique devices could reliably browse the web. What is left is a discussion regarding what the future might hold in the case of other input devices such as voice input, small displays such as smart watch displays, and how this technique can be adapted to handle these devices as well.

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The ability to predict the mechanical properties of cells should be seen in the light of the close connection between abnormal cell states and a change in the cell response to stimuli. For example, it has been found that the stiffness of cancer cells is much lower than their healthy counterparts, influencing metastasis and cell migration. On the contrary, malaria cells have been found to exhibit a significant increase in stiffness. The major structural entity of the cell is called the cytoskeleton, an interior network consisting of three types of protein filaments - actin filaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules. The remodelling ability of the cytoskeleton through polymerisation provides the cell with the ability to adapt its response to external forces accordingly. The properties of interfilament cross-links in terms of stiffness and ability to detach can be expected to influence the mechanical response. The work presented herein focuses on the mechanical response of cross-linked actin networks. The results indicate a strong dependence of the mechanical properties on cross-link dynamics and characteristics. In Paper A, a constitutive model for the response of transiently cross-linked networks is developed using a continuum framework. The deformation is split into viscous (representing sliding of filaments) and elastic deformation. A strain energy function is proposed in the form of a neo-Hookean model, modified in terms of chemically activated cross-links. The disassociation rate constant is modified in terms of an exponential function taking into account the amount of strain energy available to break bonds. The constitutive model was compared with experimental relaxation tests and it was found that the initial region of fast stress relaxation can be attributed to breaking of bonds, and the subsequent slow relaxation to sliding of filaments. In Paper B, a finite element framework was used to assess the influence of numerous geometrical and material parameters on the response of cross-linked actin networks. It was shown that considering the presence of a statistical dispersion in filament lengths has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the network. Further, the compliance of the crosslinks was shown to influence the stress-strain curve and shift the region of strain hardening. The influence of boundary conditions and the effect of network parameters on experiments in terms of local and global effects were also addressed. Finally, a micromechanically motivated constitutive model in a continuum framework was presented, capturing some essential characteristic features of cross-linked actin networks. / <p>QC 20131009</p>

Previous work by Asketorp [2014] has shown that integer factorization with the best SAT-solvers is orders of magnitude slower then with general number field sieve (GNFS). However only default configurations for the tested SAT-solvers ware considered in thous tests therefor this rapport attempts to explore what difference use of good configurations would have made. Our method involved using automatic parameter tunning with the algorithm iterated local search (ILS). ILS was used to tune the sat solver Minisat. And the tuned configuration was compared with the default by timing Minisat runs with respective configurations. The results show that performance gains are far from being big enough to suggest that the SAT-solvers tested by Asketorp [2014], would have come much closer to the performance of GNFS if tuned configurations were used. However the performance gains achieved in this report are impressive enough to advocate the use of automated parameter tuning of Sat-solvers for specific sets of instances.

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Surfactant adsorption plays a vital role in our daily life, it is also an integral part when it comes to the establishment of microfluidic devices, a developed Phase-field model based on free energy of two fluids with a surfactant is analyzed. The ill-posedness of the model and proposed alternatives for it are discussed. A suitable alternative is studied, using adaptive finite element methods, alongside with the original phase field model and confirmed for its ill-posedness. Concluding to the well-posedness of our alternative, a practical case of two droplets moving in shear flow is demonstrated using numerical simulation.

Time resolved micro photoluminescence of InGaN/GaN quantum dots has been investigated, together with power dependence and polarization measurements. The quantum dots are formed at the top of selectively grown GaN pyramids on a 4H-SiC substrate. Decay time constants in the range of 400 ps to 1.1 ns have been observed with a pulsed 267 nm laser with an average power of 20 μW, and no correlation between emission energy and lifetime has been observed. Strong and sharp emission peaks show mono-exponential or close to mono-exponential decay curves and the smaller and/or broader peaks show multi-exponential decays. Different directions of polarization have been observed for two groups of emission peaks, separated by 60°, which fits the six fold symmetry of the pyramids well. Small differences in power dependence and carrier lifetimes have also been observed when comparing these two groups of emission peaks. Selectively grown InGaN/GaN quantum dots can be used for emitters and sensors with customizable wavelength, sharp line width and quick response times in the ultraviolet, blue, and green regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

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