The aim of this research project is to analyze why Tencent QQ developed so fast in China over nearly a decade, how they built the Tencent QQ brand so successfully, and how they maintained that success in China. Also discussed is the degree of influence which Tencent QQ has had in Sweden. Finally, suggestions are made about what Tencent QQ can do to develop and expand within overseas markets.

In the era of knowledge economy, the foundation of the organization is not money, material capital, or technology, but is human capital and knowledge. During the recent years, Taiwanese enterprises have faced the trend of globalization. For many international companies, their overseas subsidiaries have grown at a rate faster than ever before. Therefore, researchers have begun to emphasize on the management issues of overseas subsidiaries, especially in the human capital. The purpose of this research is to develop a framework of strategic human capital at the subsidiary level in international companies. In this framework, we first categorize international human capital at the subsidiary level. Then the analyses of the determinants of international human capital are undertaken. Using a sample of Taiwanese companies who have subsidiaries operating globally, we test a set of hypotheses among the variables. The major findings of this study are listed below: I. The international company¡¦s human capital can be categorized into three types: 1. Input of human capital; 2. Transformation of human capital, including the executive¡¦s leadership of knowledge and vision, and employees¡¦ ability of entrepreneurship and innovation; 3. Output of human capital. II. Based on the cluster analysis, four different strategic roles of overseas subsidiaries have been found. 1. Integrated player; 2. Implementor; 3. Local Innovator; 4. Moderate subsidiary, instead of a global innovator. III. Different characteristics of organization also bring different composites of human capital. 1. Investment ratio of a parent company has significant differences on input of human capital. 2. The established years of a subsidiary have a significant difference on input of human capital. 3. Employees in different geometrical areas have significant differences on the employees¡¦ ability of entrepreneurship and innovation. 4. The number of employees has significant differences on input of human capital. IV. Strategic roles of overseas subsidiaries (including inflow of knowledge and outflow of knowledge) are the crucial determinants of international human capital (including input of human capital, the executive¡¦s leadership of knowledge and vision, employees¡¦ ability of entrepreneurship and innovation, and output of human capital). However, their relationships are moderated by subsidiary¡¦s characteristics of organization.

The article is about the factors that influence the Taiwanese businesses¡¦ decision to go abroad for listing. Our data are mainly about the Taiwanese businesses¡¦ in Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. The requirements of main board listing in Hong Kong and Singapore are strict and those in Thailand and Vietnam are loose. There are higher average economic growth rate and better market return in foreign listing market. Although the new listing number is higher than Taiwan, the stock liquidity is lower than Taiwan except Shanghai and Shenzhen market. As the P/E ratio , foreign market is similar to Taiwan except Shanghai¡B Shenzhen and Thailand markets. Overall, the advantages of Taiwan IPO market are not too many except the liquidity. As overseas Listing of Taiwanese businesses, we find that shoes companies and growth enterprise will get together in Hong Kong, and the average market values and money- raising ability are higher. In Singapore, the industries of Taiwanese business are widely distributed. Moreover, the industry in Thailand, Vietnam and China are mainly construction and living- related. The founding years before listing of foreign Taiwanese business are longer than those listing in Taiwan. Therefore, Taiwanese businesses display different styles in different listing market. We divided the influencing factors into macro factors, market factors, industry factors, listing requirement factors and unique factors. We used binary logistic regression as our model and found that the macro factors, the market factors, and listing requirement are related to the Taiwanese businesses¡¦ decisions. When there was higher economic growth rate, higher stock return rate or there were more new listed companies in overseas security markets, more Taiwanese business went abroad for listing. But opposite to our intuition, Taiwanese business did not list in a market with higher P/E ratio. The strict listing requirement did not stop Taiwanese business to list there. Therefore, we think only by lowering the listing requirement will not attract Taiwanese business to come back to Taiwan for listing. Finally, we command that by setting three different ways of Taiwanese businesses¡¦ listing, reducing the money limit and strengthening the collecting industries in Taiwan, we can attract more overseas business coming back to Taiwan for listing.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを利用している。

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Thesis (D. Min.)--Logos Evangelical Seminary, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-144).

L' article 355, paragraphe 6, du traité sur le fonctionnement de l'Union européenne (TFUE) permet au Conseil européen, sur initiative de l'État membre concerné, d'adopter, à l'unanimité et après consultation de la Commission, une décision modifiant le statut à l'égard de l'Union d'un pays ou territoire danois, français ou néerlandais visé aux paragraphes 1 et 2 dudit article. En étant le premier Pays et Territoire d'Outre-Mer à devenir une région ultrapériphérique, Mayotte fait figure de précurseur et concrétise cette faculté innovante. Par ailleurs, cette évolution statutaire de l'île de Mayotte réactualise aujourd'hui une question centrale pour les collectivités ultramarines des États membres : Les régions ultrapériphériques doivent-elles-envier les Pays et Territoires d'Outre-Mer ou bien est-ce l'inverse ? À travers la comparaison des fonctions de chaque statut, cette étude apporte des éléments de réponse à cette interrogation. / The article 355(6) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) allows the European Council, on the initiative of the Member State concerned and acting unanimously after consulting the Commission, to adopt a decision amending the status, with regard to the Union, of a Danish, French or Netherlands country or territory referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 355. By being the first Overseas country and territory to become a outermost region of the European Union, Mayotte is a precursor and concretize this innovative faculty. Besides, this statutory evolution of the island of Mayotte updates a central question for the overseas territories of the member states. Should the outremost régions envy the overseas countries and territories or it is the opposite ? Through the comparison of the functions of every status, this study brings elements of answer to this interrogation.

In this thesis I report an investigation into the psychological, emotional and social impact of British military foreign postings on accompanying spouses. I adopted an ethnographic methodology utilising a four phase mixed method approach consisting of one quantitative and three qualitative components. The thesis was based on research data collected in Phase 1 from a systematic review of British and US military research focusing on the experiences of accompanying spouses on overseas postings. Data from Phase 2 focused on the experiences from 34 British military spouses based in one location in southern Europe and were collected via individual interviews or focus groups. In Phase 3 data were collated via an online forum from 13 other British military spouses, who had experienced postings to alternative worldwide locations, rather than the single one identified in Phase 2. The final phase represented the study’s quantitative component, which further examined the findings from the previous qualitative phases through 136 responses to an online survey. The systematic review highlighted that the impact of a foreign posting could be detrimental to the military spouse’s well-being particularly if support resources were inadequate. Thematic analysis of data from Phases 2 and 3 corroborated the importance of support networks on international postings, but also identified the fundamental influence of individual differences and personal meaning-making of the military spouse. Ultimately, in Phase 4 multiple linear regression analysis determined that a person’s level of tough-mindedness, their self-efficacy and available instrumental support were all significant predictors of the perceived level of support provided by the British military. Overseas relocations are not beneficial for all military spouses. To have a greater understanding of this impact, it is necessary to examine and combine principles in the domains of sociology and psychology. The outcome of this then feeds into adjustment theories and contributes to the field of healthcare practice. Nonetheless, the military are in a constructive position to maximise the effectiveness of support resources alongside health professionals to provide the holistic support that military spouses may need. Specifically, regular informal checks from a healthcare professional or a support worker to assess the well-being of the military spouse could help early identification of any coping problems. This together with cross-cultural awareness training and a greater involvement of the military spouse throughout the relocation process could enhance their foreign posting experience.

abstract: 理性决策理论基于“完全理性”假定，追求帕累托最优即个体的利益最大化。但是实际决策过程中，人的行为具备“有意识的理性，但这种理性又是有限的”，投资者也是并不是完全理性、同质的。海外投资也是如此，其背景特征诸如地域、性格、年龄、财富等特征都会对海外投资决策产生重大的影响，其程度大小势必也会因投资者背景特征的差异有所不同。考虑到投资者风险偏好与海外投资活动的关系鲜有文献涉及，笔者愿意做“第一个吃螃蟹的人”，选取该视角展开论述。 本文首先对前人的研究进行总结，概述了风险偏好的理论和偏好水平的度量办法，并总结了风险偏好对海外投资影响的理论基础，即决策理论和有限理性与行为经济学理论，为本文的研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。 其次，开展了问卷调查，对小城市城镇人群、二三线大城市人群、一线大城市人群、海外华人群体等不同地域的25-60岁之间的人群作为调查对象，回收了有效问卷3748份，并就问卷结果进行了描述性分析。发现跨地域人群有着不同的投资需求，小城市城镇人群整体来说对于海外投资需求较低；二三线大城市人群对海外投资不抗拒且具备一定研究和分析能力；一线大城市人群26%已考虑移民或大量海外投资，对海外投资产品有很强的分析能力；海外华人群体38%已考虑移民或大量海外投资，对于各类海外投资产品的接触机会很多。 再次，本文对风险偏好水平进行综合评价和度量。在此基础上，设定了研究变量和研究模型，采用回归分析的方法，对跨地域人群风险偏好、跨地域人群风险偏好对海外投资影响两块进行了实证分析，并验证了相关假设。本文认为，跨地域人群具有较为明显的风险偏好，其中一线城市人群风险偏好最高，高于海外华人群体，高于二三线大城市人群和小城市城镇人群。基于教育水平、财富程度和信息获取的风险偏好对海外投资影响的实证分析结果显示，风险偏好越高的区域，海外投资总额越多。充分验证了跨地域人群不同的风险偏好，以及风险偏好对海外投资的显著正向影响关系。最后，本文针对实证结果提出了相应的对策建议。 / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2019