Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:53:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 443506.pdf: 944520 bytes, checksum: 12334ffc5e4569092c3546d748f2f8eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-23 / Changes in bone mass in women are both determined by genetic and environmental factors. The most significant bone loss occurs around menopause. Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence of low bone mass and of the associated risk factors of in postmenopausal women. Methods: Review of medical records of postmenopausal women bone densitometry of lumbar spine and hip done at the Centro de Diagn?stico da Unimed Porto Alegre, Brasil in the period of June 2011 to November 2011, in a retrospective study. This study assessed bone mineral density, anthropometric data, clinical history and risk factors for low bone mass. The information was obtained before the time of the test. Results: 716 postmenopausal women met the criteria of the study .Most women were Caucasian 676 (97.5%), average 61.45 years old, had BMI of 26.25 kg / m?, menarche at 12.9 years old and menopause at 48.4 years old. 304 (42.6%) of the women were 55-64 years old. 293 (41%) women had average BMI. More than half of the sample 388 (54.2%) subjects had osteopenia and among the regions of interest, the lumbar spine showed 401 (56.6%) subjects with osteopenia and 154 (21.7%) with osteoporosis. 254 (46,3%) women were eutrophic and had low bone mass. Conclusion: when the sample of postmenopausal women was evaluated by bone densitometry there was a higher than expected occurrence of low bone mass and therefore associated risk factors for fractures. / Altera??es na massa ?ssea s?o relevantes e influenciadas por fatores gen?ticos e ambientais. Nas mulheres, o per?odo de maior perda ocorre ao redor da menopausa. Objetivos: Avaliar a preval?ncia de baixa massa ?ssea em mulheres p?s-menop?usicas e os fatores de risco associados. M?todos: Revis?o de prontu?rios de mulheres p?s-menop?usicas usu?rias do Centro de Diagn?stico da Unimed Porto Alegre que realizassem densitometria ?ssea de coluna lombar e f?mur proximal. Foram avaliados os valores de densidade mineral ?ssea, dados antropom?tricos, dados cl?nicos e fatores de risco para baixa massa ?ssea investigados em question?rio, de junho a novembro de 2011. Resultados: Foram inclu?das 716 mulheres p?s-menop?usicas. A maioria foi de etnia branca, com 676 (97,5%) mulheres, m?dia et?ria de 61,45 anos, IMC de 26,25 kg/m?, com menarca aos 12,9 anos e menopausa aos 48,4 anos. A faixa et?ria predominante foi de 55 a 64 anos com 304 (42,6%) mulheres. Quanto ao IMC, 293(41%), apresentaram peso adequado. A osteopenia predominou em 388 (54,2%) dos sujeitos e entre os s?tios, a coluna lombar apresentou predomin?ncia de osteopenia em 401 (56,6%) e osteoporose em 154 (21,7%) mulheres. 254(46,3%) mulheres eram eutr?ficas e com baixa massa ?ssea. Conclus?o: O estudo mostrou um n?mero acima do esperado de mulheres com baixa massa ?ssea e com fatores de risco definidos presentes no momento da avalia??o da densitometria ?ssea e, portanto mais suscet?veis ? fratura.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaTABCM_DISSERT.pdf: 247939 bytes, checksum: cb096019e991f8f3059823ed5c01ce36 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is defined as "involuntary loss of urine" due to several processes that alter the ability of the bladder to hold urine properly, regarded as a social and hygienic problem that adversely affects quality of life. In postmenopausal women, IU is associated with atrophy and weakness of the pelvic floor muscles. The objective this study was investigate, using the onehour pad test, stress urinary leakage (SUI), evaluate and compare their results in postmenopausal and premenopausal women. The survey was characterized as a cross-sectional study. The study consisted of 60 postmenopausal women were divided into GIU - consisting of 34 volunteers complaining of involuntary loss of urine during stress - and GSIU - consisting of 26 volunteers without complaints of loss of urine during stress, and 15 women, during the premenopausal (GPM), and ovulatory with normal menstrual cycle. All volunteers were evaluated clinically, subjected to one-hour pad test, after the biochemical evaluation of blood and sex hormones. Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive analysis, ANOVA, Turkey?s post-test and Pearson correlation. The results showed that 100% of postmenopausal patients had involuntary loss of urine during one hour pad test (GIU: 4.0 g; GSIU: 4.5 g). GPM remained continent after an hour pad test (GPM: 0.4 g). In addition, Pearson showed a strong correlation between urine loss with time since menopause (r = 0.8, p <0.01) and body mass index - BMI (r = 0.7; p = 0.01). These data suggest that the one-hour pad test is a useful test to assess and quantify urinary leakage, including those volunteers who had no previous complaint of SUI / A incontin?ncia urin?ria (IU) ? definida como perda involunt?ria de urina decorrente de diversos processos que alteram a capacidade da bexiga de reter a urina adequadamente. A IU surge com o avan?ar da idade e m mulheres na p?s-menopausa, seu aparecimento associa-se a atrofia e a fraqueza da musculatura do assoalho p?lvico. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar, com o uso do pad test de uma hora, as perdas urin?rias aos esfor?os (IUE), avaliar e comparar seus resultados em mulheres na p?s-menopausa e na pr?menopausa. A pesquisa foi caracterizada como um estudo transversal. O estudo foi composto por 60 mulheres na p?s-menopausa, divididas em GIU constitu?do por 34 volunt?rias com queixa de perda involunt?ria de urina aos esfor?os e GSIU constitu?do por 26 volunt?rias sem queixa de perda de urina aos esfor?os, e 15 mulheres, no per?odo da pr?-menopausa (GPM), ovulat?rias e com ciclo menstrual normal. Todas as volunt?rias foram avaliadas clinicamente, submetidas ao pad test de uma hora, ap?s avalia??o bioqu?mica do sangue e dos horm?nios sexuais. A estat?stica foi feita atrav?s da an?lise descritiva, o teste param?trico ANOVA, o p?s-teste de Turkey e a correla??o de Pearson. Os resultados mostraram que 100% das pacientes na p?smenopausa apresentaram perda involunt?ria de urina durante o pad test de uma hora (GIU:4,0g; GSIU:4,5g). O GPM manteve-se continente ap?s o pad test de uma hora (GPM:0,4g). Al?m disso, a correla??o de Pearson mostrou um forte rela??o entre as perdas de urina com o tempo de menopausa (r=0,8;p<0,01) e com o ?ndice de massa corporal IMC (r=0,7;p=0,01). Os dados obtidos sugerem que o pad test de uma hora ? um exame ?til para avaliar e quantificar as perdas urin?rias, inclusive daquelas volunt?rias que n?o apresentavam queixa pr?via de IUE

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:44:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ChristianeNMC_DISSERT.pdf: 600185 bytes, checksum: c0c018324c1fcc7bd8fc7f2c83e2257c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-09 / Post-menopause is characterized as the period beginning one year after the permanent cessation of menstrual cycles, which is typically related to medical disorders that, in association with Metabolic Syndrome (MS), represent a set of cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To assess dietary intake and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women, according to the level of physical activity. Methods: The sample consisted of 82 women, evaluated in the Northern Zone of the city of Natal / RN who were participants in the Natal Active Program. People completed a Food Frequency Consumption Questionnaire (FFCQ) and were interviewed about physical activity. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were used to diagnose MS (Metabolic Syndrome). Result: The active women consumed more protective foods (flaxseed, nuts, whole wheat bread, brown rice and olive oil) than inactive women. Risky foods (sugar, crackers, white bread, white rice, margarine and beef) were consumed more by the group of inactive women. The prevalence of MS was higher in inactive women (53.30%) than in physically active women (46.70%). Conclusion: Active post-menopausal women had a higher daily intake of protective foods in relation to cardiovascular disease, while the inactive post-menopausal women had higher intake of risky foods for such diseases / A p?s-menopausa ? caracterizada como o per?odo iniciado um ano ap?s a interrup??o permanente dos ciclos menstruais que normalmente est?o relacionadas com patologias que em associa??o ? s?ndrome metab?lica (SM) representam um conjunto de fatores de risco cardiovascular. Objetivo: Avaliar o consumo alimentar e a preval?ncia de s?ndrome metab?lica em mulheres na p?s-menopausa, de acordo com o n?vel de atividade f?sica. M?todos: A amostra foi composta por 82 mulheres, avaliadas na zona norte do munic?pio de Natal/RN e participantes do Programa Natal Ativa. Foi aplicado um Question?rio de Frequ?ncia de Consumo Alimentar (QFCA) e uma anamnese com quest?es sobre a pr?tica de atividade f?sica. Para o diagn?stico da SM foram realizadas medidas antropom?tricas e exames bioqu?micos. Resultado: As mulheres ativas consomem mais alimentos protetores (linha?a, castanhas, p?o integral, arroz integral e azeite) do que as mulheres inativas. Quanto ao consumo di?rio de alimentos considerados de risco (a??car, biscoito salgado, p?o franc?s/forma, arroz branco, margarina e carne de boi), esses foram mais consumidos pelo grupo das mulheres inativas. A preval?ncia de SM nas mulheres inativas foi maior (53,30%) do que nas mulheres ativas (46,70%). Conclus?o: As mulheres ativas na p?s-menopausa tiveram um maior consumo di?rio de alimentos protetores para doen?as cardiovasculares, assim como os alimentos de risco para tais doen?as foram mais consumidos pelas mulheres inativas. A preval?ncia de SM nas mulheres inativas foi maior do que nas mulheres ativas