James Dearing was born on April 25, 1840, at ""Otterburne"" near Altavista, Virginia. When his father died in 1843, Dearing was adopted by his uncle. In 1858, after graduating from Hanover Academy, a classical school near Richmond, Dearing entered the United States Military Academy. In 1861, Dearing left West Peint to join the Confederate Army. He joined the Washington Artillery as second lieutenant and, in July, 1861, distinguished himself at the First Manassas. By April, 1862, he was a captain. With that rank, he fought in the Peninsula campaigns at the Second Manassas. Early in 1863, as mayor, Dearing received command of General George Pickett's artillery. Impressed by Dearing's ability at Gettysburg, Pickett transferred him to the cavalry and recommended his promotion to lieutenant colonel. In April, 1864, Dearing’s cavalry overwhelmed the Federals at Plymouth, North Carolina, earning Dearing a promotion to brigadier general. The Confederate attack against New Bern was interrupted when Dearing was ordered to Petersburg. For nine months Dearing defended Petersburg and its vital railroads. Early in 1865, Robert E. Lee gave Dearing command of the Laurel Brigade and recommended his promotion to major general. Before receiving the promotion, Deairing was mortally wounded near Farmville while covering Lee’s retreat toward Appomattox. On April 22, Dearing died at Lynchburg. He was buried at ""Avoca'' near Altavista. His body was later disinterred and reburied at Spring Hill Cemetery, Lynchburg. In March, 1863, Dearing had married Roxana Birchett. The couple had one child, Mary Lucretia. / Master of Arts

A combination of Newton's second law, a transformation using three consecutive Euler angles, and Taylor expansions is used to develop three nonlinear integro-differential equations describing the flexural-flexural-torsional vibration of metallic and composite beams. The twisting curvature is used to define a physical twisting variable which makes the equations of motion unique and independent of the rotation sequence of the Euler angles. A numerical-perturbation approach is used to analyze the response of metallic and composite beams to parametric and external excitations. First, the linear eigenfunctions and natural frequencies are calculated using a combination of the state-space concept and the fundamental-matrix method. Then, the method of multiple scales is used to construct a set of nonlinear autonomous first-order ordinary-differential equations describing the slow-time modulation of the amplitudes and phases of the interacting modes in the presence of one-to-one and/or two-to-one internal resonances. The inversion symmetry, D, symmetry, and 0(2) symmetry of the system are studied using the modulation equations. The solutions of the modulation equations may be fixed points, limit cycles, or chaotic solutions. / Ph. D.

The purposes of this study were: (1) to develop a systematic approach to fiscal data collection and (2) to analyze these data to determine the cost of selected trade and industrial education programs in Virginia. The four vocational-technical centers utilized in the study were selected according to: (1) geographic location and (2) years of operation. Centers chosen were urban and rural, representing three geographical regions of the State of Virginia. The objectives of this study were: (1) to set forth in general terms the components of cost analysis for selected trade and industrial education programs in Virginia, (2) to identify the cost of specific selected trade and industrial education programs in Virginia, (3) to present the methodology for a systematic approach for fiscal data collection in selected trade and industrial education programs in Virginia, and (4) to present cost data which may be utilized by administrators and local directors of vocational education in evaluating selected trade and industrial education programs. Limitations of the study were: (1) all data were based on actual expenditures for a one year period, (2) vocational-technical centers were selected which had been in operation for at least four years, (3) only regular trade and industrial education programs were utilized in this study, and (4) transportation of students and amortization of equipment were not included in this study. Expenditure items used in the study were determined by a panel of experts who agreed that the expenditures were attributable to vocational education costs. All expenditures utilized in this study were included in the list approved by the panel. The study required personal examination of records and reports maintained by: (1) vocational-technical centers, (2) local school agencies, and (3) the Division of Vocational Education, State Department of Education. Fiscal data were retrieved and analyzed by vocational-technical centers and by specific programs which permitted a per student cost to be attained. The study revealed that: (1) instructional salaries comprised the largest percentage of the total expenditures, (2) maintenance appeared to be very low in the percentage of total cost, (3) 68.4 percent of total costs was borne by the local school district and 31.6 percent was borne by the state, (4) the program with the largest percentage of total cost was Practical Nursing, (5) centers offering more programs experienced a lower per student cost than centers offering fewer programs, (6) there was a range of per student expenditure from $528.11 to $832.56, with an average per student cost of $692.27 for all four centers, and (7) the range of costs per student for all programs at all centers was from $296.55 to $1,096.03. Because of diverse accounting and expenditure methods found in local school districts the necessary forms for fiscal data collection and analyses were developed. The systematic approach and design was as follows: (1) determine which are bonafide costs, (2) condense the aforementioned classification list to fit the local accounting system, (3) collect data, (4) determine sources of funding, (5) prorate cost, (6) compute total cost for each expenditure classification, (7) compute total cost for each program area, (8) compute the unit costs, and (9) list student cost by programs. A self-contained packet for the systematic approach and analysis utilized in the study was developed and is included in Chapter 5 for use by local directors of vocational education. / Ed. D.

An electrocardiogram analysis package is developed in this thesis. A parabolic smoothing with pre-set threshold for attenuating effects on high frequency components is applied. The GF and operational transforms are studied and examined for their constraints, applications and flexibility. These transforms are modified and adapted for recognition of QRS onset and offset in the Frank Orthogonal Lead System. An algorithm, based on a set of pre-set criteria and thresholds, is developed. Various clinical parameters, vectors and files for analysis. such as segment or wave intervals, magnitude, areas etc. are generated together with data two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphic In addition. a general purpose graphic package is supplied to create the vector displays for ECG analysis. The algorithm has been tested on three hundred cardiac cycles taken from ten patients with both normal and abnormal ECG characteristics. / Master of Science

A numerical method has been developed for computing the steady state flow about arbitrary shaped three dimensional bodies on or below the free surface using a Boundary Integral Element Method ( Panel Method). The method uses a singularity distribution over the body surface and the free surface. The method can solve for the potential distribution as well as the source density distribution. In this study a constant source distribution is assumed on each panel. The free surface boundary condition is linearized about the uniform undisturbed flow (Kelvin Free Surface condition). Upstream waves are prevented by the use of an one-sided upstream 4-point finite difference operator for the free surface condition. Wave elevations are computed using the linearized free surface condition. In this study two different bodies were considered: a submerged spheroid and a sphere. The wave resistance was computed for different Froude numbers and compares well with existing results. The study has also analyzed the effect of the number of panels on the body surface, the length of the free surface paneling behind the body and the aspect ratio of the free surface panels. / Master of Science

The purpose of this thesis was to study the economical aspects of the present boiler feed water treating system at the VPI Power Plant. In carrying out the investigation, two testing periods were conducted, each lasting for four weeks and the first period was preliminary in nature. The experimental results revealed that the cost on caustic soda(NaOH) could be reduced by improving the performance of the mechanical degasifier; the cost on neutralizing amines (Nalco 35) was insufficient to insure maximum protection against corrosion; the cost of blowdown was too high; and the cost on sodium orthophosphate and ligin derivatives (Nalco 728) could be reduced. Recommendations are made based on the test results and plan for future expansion of plant capacity. It is recommended that the degasifier be overhauled; the optimum blowdown quantity be studied; the Boiler No. 5 be inspected for leaks; a better method found for feeding Nalco 35; and the installation of an automatic pH meter and a continuous conductivity recorder for the main condensate return line. The average cost for feedwater treatment at the VPl Power Plant from March 25 to April 20, 1958, was $ 1.334 per thousand gallons of New River water demineralized. / Master of Science

Manganese is typically found in all water supplies in the United States. Manganese concentrations are usually higher in water obtained from groundwater sources or resei:voir hypolinutlons. This is because manganese is more soluble in the reducing conditions normally found in these waters. Although manganese is not known to cause any health related problems, the secondary drinking water MCL for manganese is 0.05 mg/L. This standard was set to eliminate aesthetic problems associated with manganese bearing waters. In this study continuous-flow filters were operated in both pre-oxidative (oxidized Mn applied to filters) and auto-oxidative (soluble Mn applied) modes. The oxidants used were dllorine (HOCl/OCl⁻) , potassium permanganate (KMnO₄), chlorine dioxide (ClO₂), and ozone (O₃). Other experimental parameters included: filter media type - manganese coated or non-coated, filter loading rate --2 to 5 gpm/f², operating pH -- pH 6 to pH 9, and temperature --5 to 25℃. The most important experimental parameter was whether or not the filter media had a prior oxidized coating of manganese. If this was the case the filter produced an effluent concentration of manganese below the MCL under all pre-oxidative conditions and under auto-oxidative conditions when the pH was above neutral. Increased flow rate through the filter caused deeper penetration of manganese into the filter bed. This should not prove to cause an effluent breakthrough problem for filter depths typically used in water treatment plants. Temperature and pH effected the reaction rate of manganese oxidation in both the pre- and auto-oxidative modes. In most cases th.is did not effect the effluent quality from manganese coated filter media. However, when non-coated media was used and no oxidant was added, a decrease in pH or temperature usually adversely effected effluent quality. / M.S.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Biology / Rollie J. Clem / Apoptosis is an extremely conserved process among metazoans. This dissertation will describe apoptotic regulation in two orders of insects, Lepidoptera and Diptera. In the lepidopteran host Trichoplusia ni, we describe phenotypes of infection with the baculovirus AcMNPV lacking the caspase inhibitor gene P35. In the lepidopteran host Spodoptera frugiperda, infection with this mutant virus results in apoptosis, which dramatically hinders spread of the virus in the host. In T. ni, however, infection with this mutant virus is similar to wild-type with normal spread, but the end result of liquefaction does not occur. Experiments indicated that infection of T. ni cells with the P35 mutant virus (P35Δ) resulted in caspase activation, and the P35Δ virus lacked the ability to inhibit these active caspases. With the P35Δ virus a slower entry phenotype was observed, but when the P35Δ virus was grown in the presence of a caspase inhibitor the entry phenotype was rescued. This indicated that caspases have detrimental effects on budded virions, and illustrated that P35 is needed to make robust virions. With regards to Diptera, apoptosis-regulatory genes were annotated in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. The genes annotated included multiple caspases and caspase regulators. Phylogenetic relationships were determined among the caspases from Anopheles gambiae, Ae. aegypti and Drosophila melanogaster, expression patterns were determined for all the annotated genes in Ae. aegypti, and one of the genes, an IAP antagonist named IMP, was functionally characterized. Further characterization of the phylogenetic relationships of caspases from fifteen dipteran species was performed by obtaining gene models for caspases of recently sequenced genomes for twelve Drosophila species and three mosquito species. Furthermore, several Drosophila and mosquito species were found to contain caspase genes with substitutions in critical active site residues. These genes were proposed to encode caspase-like decoy molecules. While these have been found in humans and nematodes, this is the first report for these molecules in insects. One of the caspase-like decoy molecules was found to increase the activity of its paralog caspase.