Background: Maxillary expansion has long been used in children and adolescents for transverse discrepancies and dental crowding. With age, the mid-palatal suture becomes increasingly mature, requiring heavy, rapid force in order to achieve skeletal expansion. As an individual grows into adulthood, it has been demonstrated that a skeletally anchored expander can be used in order to achieve successful sutural separation. The side effects between these two types of expanders, including dental tipping with relative extrusion of buccal segments and clockwise mandibular rotation, have been demonstrated to have differences in their degrees of severity. However, most of the studies have evaluated the effects immediately following the expansion and not through a prolonged period in which growth may occur. The purpose of the present study was to investigate long-term skeletal differences in two types of expansion (RPE vs MARPE) on a growing population. Methods: This retrospective study included 39 adolescent subjects (mean age = 13.8 years) who had received maxillary expansion (20 RPE, 19 MARPE) with subsequent completion of orthodontic treatment. Initial and final CBCTs were used to analyze cephalometric and transversal changes between the two groups. Transverse measurements were repeated two weeks apart to test intra-observer reliability. Results: Cephalometric analysis demonstrated no significant differences in changes of FMA (p = 0.549) or MP-SN (p = 0.722) between the two groups following expansion and completion of orthodontic treatment. There were statistically significant differences in transverse changes between the two groups, with the MARPE group displaying more skeletal expansion. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that skeletally anchored expander - MARPE and conventional expander have similar skeletal effects in adolescents.

O estudo foi realizado no HRAC-USP com o objetivo de identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem e sua freqüência no pré e pós-operatório de cirurgia plástica eletiva em 40 pacientes (52,5% do sexo feminino, idade média de 22,4 anos). A avaliação baseou-se nos Padrões Funcionais de Saúde, por entrevista e exame físico. Foram identificados 454 diagnósticos de enfermagem para os 40 pacientes da amostra, sendo 187 na fase pré e 267 na fase pós-operatória. Na fase pré-operatória foram identificadas 29 categorias diagnósticas e, na fase pós, 26. A média de diagnósticos por paciente na fase pré foi de 4,7 (&#61617; 1,9) e na fase pós 6,7 (&#61617; 2,3). O teste t de Student mostrou diferença significante entre as fases operatórias (p<0,0001). O teste de McNemar demonstrou diferença significante em 9 das 35 categorias diagnosticadas entre as fases operatórias. Foram identificadas alterações em 10 dos 11 Padrões Funcionais de Saúde e não houve alteração no Padrão de Crença e Valor. Os 3 Padrões Funcionais alterados mais freqüentes na fase pré foram: Auto-Percepção e Autoconceito (27,8%), Cognitivo-Perceptivo (22,9%) e Nutriconal-Metabólico (21,9%). Na fase pós-operatória: Padrão Nutricional-Metabólico (50,8%), Padrão de Percepção e Controle de Saúde (16,3%) e Padrão Cognitivo-Perceptivo (14,2%). / The study was performed at the Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais – São Paulo University, Brazil, with the objective of identifying the nursing diagnoses and their frequency in the pre and post-operatory phase of the elective surgery in 40 patients (52,5% female and mean age of 22,4 years old). The evaluation was based on the Functional Health Patterns, by interview and physical examination. Four hundred and fifty four nursing diagnoses were identified for the 40 patients of the sample, being 187 in pre-operatory phase and 267 diagnoses in the post-peratory phase. 29 diagnostic categories werw identified in the pre-operatory phase and 26 in the post-operatory phase. The mean of diagnoses per patient in the pre-operatory phase was 4,7 (&#61617; 1,9) and in the post-operatory phase was 6,7 (&#61617;2,3). The t Student test showed that was significant difference between the operatory phases (p<0,0001). The McNemar test showed that there was significant difference in 9 out of 35 diagnosed categories between the operatory phases. Alterations in 10 out of 11 Functional Health Patterns were identified and there was no alteration in the Value-Belief Pattern. The three most frequent altered Functional Patterns in the pre-operatory phase were: Self-Perception and Self-Concept (27,8%), Congnitive-Perceptual (22,9%), and Nutricional-Metabolic (21,9%). In the post-operatory phase: Nutricional-Metabolic Pattern (50,8%), Perception and health Control Pattern (16,3%) and Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern (14,2%).

O estudo foi realizado no HRAC-USP com o objetivo de identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem e sua freqüência no pré e pós-operatório de cirurgia plástica eletiva em 40 pacientes (52,5% do sexo feminino, idade média de 22,4 anos). A avaliação baseou-se nos Padrões Funcionais de Saúde, por entrevista e exame físico. Foram identificados 454 diagnósticos de enfermagem para os 40 pacientes da amostra, sendo 187 na fase pré e 267 na fase pós-operatória. Na fase pré-operatória foram identificadas 29 categorias diagnósticas e, na fase pós, 26. A média de diagnósticos por paciente na fase pré foi de 4,7 (&#61617; 1,9) e na fase pós 6,7 (&#61617; 2,3). O teste t de Student mostrou diferença significante entre as fases operatórias (p<0,0001). O teste de McNemar demonstrou diferença significante em 9 das 35 categorias diagnosticadas entre as fases operatórias. Foram identificadas alterações em 10 dos 11 Padrões Funcionais de Saúde e não houve alteração no Padrão de Crença e Valor. Os 3 Padrões Funcionais alterados mais freqüentes na fase pré foram: Auto-Percepção e Autoconceito (27,8%), Cognitivo-Perceptivo (22,9%) e Nutriconal-Metabólico (21,9%). Na fase pós-operatória: Padrão Nutricional-Metabólico (50,8%), Padrão de Percepção e Controle de Saúde (16,3%) e Padrão Cognitivo-Perceptivo (14,2%). / The study was performed at the Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais – São Paulo University, Brazil, with the objective of identifying the nursing diagnoses and their frequency in the pre and post-operatory phase of the elective surgery in 40 patients (52,5% female and mean age of 22,4 years old). The evaluation was based on the Functional Health Patterns, by interview and physical examination. Four hundred and fifty four nursing diagnoses were identified for the 40 patients of the sample, being 187 in pre-operatory phase and 267 diagnoses in the post-peratory phase. 29 diagnostic categories werw identified in the pre-operatory phase and 26 in the post-operatory phase. The mean of diagnoses per patient in the pre-operatory phase was 4,7 (&#61617; 1,9) and in the post-operatory phase was 6,7 (&#61617;2,3). The t Student test showed that was significant difference between the operatory phases (p<0,0001). The McNemar test showed that there was significant difference in 9 out of 35 diagnosed categories between the operatory phases. Alterations in 10 out of 11 Functional Health Patterns were identified and there was no alteration in the Value-Belief Pattern. The three most frequent altered Functional Patterns in the pre-operatory phase were: Self-Perception and Self-Concept (27,8%), Congnitive-Perceptual (22,9%), and Nutricional-Metabolic (21,9%). In the post-operatory phase: Nutricional-Metabolic Pattern (50,8%), Perception and health Control Pattern (16,3%) and Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern (14,2%).

No description available.

Bakgrund: Tinnitus är idag vanligt förekommande och kan klassificeras som antingen subjektiv eller objektiv. Subjektiv tinnitus hörs endast av den drabbade individen, medan objektiv tinnitus kommer från verkliga ljud som kan mätas eller höras av andra. Palatal myoklonus innebär muskelryckningar i palatala muskler och räknas bland muskulära orsaker till objektiv tinnitus. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa objektiv tinnitus orsakad av essentiell palatal myoklonus med avseende på symptombild, diagnostik samt behandling och utfall. Metod: En forskningsöversikt har genomförts för att besvara studiens syfte. Resultat: Resultatet visar att symptombilden vid essentiell palatal myoklonus främst är objektiv klickande tinnitus, vilken i vissa fall varit mycket svår för individen att hantera och i majoriteten av fallen haft en negativ inverkan på de drabbade individernas livskvalitet. De diagnostiska metoder som används är i många fall mätningar som görs i syfte att utesluta påverkan från andra organ, i synnerhet någon form av neurologisk patologi. Nasal endoskopi, audiologiska utredningar och magnetkameraröntgen är några av de mätmetoder som använts för att ställa korrekt diagnos. Bland behandlingsmetoder nämns främst injektion av botulinumtoxin A i muskler kring mjuka gommen samt farmakologiska behandlingsmetoder, men även ett par mer sällsynta behandlingsmetoder beskrivs såsom radiofrekvensablation av palatala muskler och kirurgisk blockering av örontrumpeten. Slutsats: En tidig, korrekt diagnos för den drabbade individen är angelägen då denna objektiva tinnitus kan vara enormt påfrestande. Det föreligger ett behov av kontrollerade studier på ett större antal individer för att fastställa reproducerbarheten i de behandlingsmetoder som idag finns att tillgå.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1969.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1981.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1969.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1990.