In recent years, the Russian Federation has seen a dramatic rise in morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis (TB), attributed in part to an increase in alcohol use disorders (AUDs), which are associated with worse TB treatment outcomes. This study describes the knowledge, attitudes and practices of physicians who treat TB patients in Tomsk, Russia. We conducted semistructured interviews with 16 TB physicians and 1 addiction specialist. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, translated and systematically analyzed. We identified four key domains: Definitions of alcohol use and abuse and physicians' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding these problems. Physicians described patients as largely precontemplative and reluctant to seek treatment. Physicians recognized their limited knowledge in diagnosing and treating AUDs but expressed interest in acquiring these skills. Few options are currently available for treatment of AUDs in TB patients in Tomsk. These findings suggest that Tomsk physicians are aware of the need to engage AUDs in TB patients but identify a knowledge gap that restricts their ability to do so. Training TB physicians to use simple screening instruments and deliver evidence-based alcohol interventions improves TB outcomes among patients with co-occurring AUDs.

MPH, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences / Introduction: Physician’s job satisfaction is a cornerstone for the delivery of quality health care, and its continuity. The objective of this study was to identify the extent of job satisfaction among public sector physicians in Botswana and to explain its main components among physicians. Methods: Public sector physicians from the Princess Marina Hospital, a referral hospital in southern Botswana, were selected to participate in the study. All participants were asked to complete a self administered questionnaire which included questions pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics and job satisfaction with regard to achievement, career satisfaction, salaries/incentives, as well as working conditions. Results: Eighty-two physicians participated in the study. Mean and median ages were 37 and 33 years respectively and 73% were males. The major finding of the study was that the most important components of satisfaction were; relation with supervisors (74%), relations with colleagues (73%), job security (71%) and job variety (70%). Physicians tended to be most dissatisfied with their working conditions (69%) and responded on the dissatisfaction scale for the domains as follows: working conditions (69%), hospital administration (58%), Salary (57%), professional development (54%) and promotion (51%). Forty-two (42%) percent of the physicians were, overall, satisfied with their job, but most of them (58%) were not satisfied. Gender, length of service and age were not associated with job satisfaction. Younger physicians were more likely to be dissatisfied than older physicians. Conclusion: The main recommendation arising out of the study results is a need to address job satisfaction among physicians in Botswana in order to improve the quality of health care and attract them in the public sector. Attention to working conditions, career and professional development, and salary/incentives and the training of local physicians is critical for sustaining the continuity of quality health care in Botswana.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Background: Tue Businessweek magazine proposed lists of attending doctors in medical centers and regional hospitals based on the recommendation of hospital presidents, directors and supervisors of medical societies, and surveyed doctors. The current study aims to investigate the criteria existing in Businessweek¡¦s selection and factors related to the nomination of Taiwan¡¦s best 100 doctors. Material and Method: Subjects are the 667 doctors nominated in Businessweek¡¦s ¡§100 Especially Recommended Doctors¡¨ and ¡§600 Doctor-Recommended Doctors,¡¨ published respectively on May 5th and October 3rd, 2008. Biographical data of the subjects is firstly reorganized according to such items as specialty, hospital, education, professional training, experience and current status; introduction to specialties on websites of the hospitals where the subjects serve is also taken into consideration during data reorganization. Secondly, additional social network variables, including special positions in such non-hospital and non-school institutions as societies, foundations and publishing companies, are implemented. Collected data is analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: Out of the 667 doctors, the 131 ones especially recommended by Businessweek tend to either serve in northern Taiwan or have graduated from National Taiwan University. In terms of social network, ¡§directors¡¨ of a department/branch/center are 3.082 times more likely to be nominated among the 131 than those who do not have the title, while those with special positions in medical societies are 5.314 times more likely to be nominated than those without any special position. Conclusion: The physicians not only training in the medical profession, but also need to expand social network.

Univ., Diss.--Perpignan, 2003.

Based on a transactional model of stressors, mediators/moderators and strains, this large scale study investigated occupational stress, job satisfaction and role conflict in doctors in Scotland using a self-report questionnaire methodology. The sample of 986 doctors included male and female general practitioners (GPs) and specialist consultants. The relationship between sources and levels of occupational stress and job satisfaction was investigated using scales from the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI) (Cooper et al 1988), considering the role of intervening variables mcludmg age, gender, marital/parental status, medical speciality, coping and attitudes. The relationship between occupational and domestic stressors and satisfactions was examined using theoretically denved models of additivity and asymmetric permeability of roles. A range of analytic procedures mcluding multivanate analysis of variance, hierarchical regression, factor analysis and qualitative content analysis methods were employed. Results mdicated that GPs recorded greater stress and lower job satisfaction than consultants on the OSI scales Managenal or structural occupational factors, and factors intrinsic to medical work were major stressors. Patient care was both a main source of stress and job satisfaction. The rather small magnitude of differences in stress and satisfaction between subject groups, and between subject groups and norms for the OSI scales was offset by clear evidence of stress related to doctors occupational roles, domestic roles, and gender roles elucidated using more qualitative methodologies. Subjects' age, gender and medical speciality were shown to affect the relationship between occupational stress and job satisfaction. Younger doctors, male GPs and female consultants experienced greater stress and less job satisfaction. Coping efficacy was negatively related to occupational stress and positively related to job satisfaction for GPs, and male and female GPs employed different styles of coping with stressors. Comparison of consultant specialities revealed differences in sources and levels of occupational stress and job satisfaction with Public Health Consultants recording most stress. Both male and female doctors with multiple occupational and domestic role demands reported higher levels of stress. Stress from work to home was found to be greater than stress from home to work for both male and female doctors. Recommendations and implications of the research for doctors, patients, and the National Health Service are discussed.