Being an immigrant mother poses a unique challenge to the parenting experience because she is removed physically from her original cultural setting. In this novel situation the mother must balance her own parents' parenting values with the set of belief systems present in the new culture. This study identifies the unique ways and critical features of bi-cultural parenting decisions that the Chinese immigrant parents have come to make. Fifteen Chinese immigrant mothers participated in this study. Each participant completed a background information survey prior to the interview. Qualitative methodology was used to gather and to analyze the data. Descriptive quantitative statistics were used to organize the data. A substantive theory of accommodation of bi-cultural childrearing practices was generated that revolved around the three psychological processes of deviation, accommodation, and balance of views about education and learning. Four bi-cultural parenting strategies were identified that immigrant parents used: comparison process, opportunity education, child-inspired education, and the education of love. Specifically in order for the balance in their bi-cultural childrearing decisions and parental satisfaction to occur, the immigrant mothers had to deviate from the perceived negative cultural values and accommodate to the perceived positive cultural belief of both home and host countries. This research not only fulfills the need for empirical research on the role of acculturation in changing and modifying the central values of a cultural group, but also broadens the area of migration by examining in depth the change of cultural values in the context of migration. By using familial level of analysis (i.e., by using the memory of the parents as a factor contributing to the outcomes of parenting beliefs and practices), the continuity of vertical transmission of value congruence from parents to children in the context of dual cultures is achieved. Furthermore, this study explores value congruence between parents and offspring by taking not one, but two, cultures into account. / text

This dissertation explores the reflexive and performative practices found in Mocha Jean Herrup's documentary work, POM, LESBIANFILM, and A FEW GOOD DYKES. By exploiting realism's failure to ever fully represent, reflexive and performative techniques enable a queer discourse. These techniques create 1) a parodic premise that calls attention to the disjunction between documentary's legitimizing conventions and queer as a viable subject, 2) a subjectification of the insider-outsider that troubles distinctions between the audience and the subject and the filmmaker and the subject, and 3) enables the embodied knowledge of queer subjectivity to emerge. / text

In this mini-dissertation the aim was to explore and describe the safety of infant feeding practices. It is argued that safe infant feeding practices can have a positive and long term effect on the health status and growth development of all infants. World wide, countries but more specific developing countries, are faced with the growing dilemma of high mortality and morbidity rates among infants. The need to find a way to eliminate and prevent the causing factors of life-threatening infectious diseases like diarrhoea and HIV/AIDS is now more important than ever before. A sound nutritional foundation together with safe infant feeding methods play a predominant role in ensuring the very survival of the infant. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used in this study. Non-probability sampling was used to identify the sample who complied with the set selection criteria. The research took place in a semi-urban community as the community serves a large group of mothers and infants as well as being accessible to the researcher. The semi-urban community was also identified as an area with health care needs that could be addressed in the research project. A questionnaire was adapted from an existing WHO assessment tool. A pilot study was conducted after which the questionnaire was finalised and the questionnaires were completed with the aid of three fieldworkers. Data collection took place until the sample size (n=155) was achieved according to the calculation of the statistician. The data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation by using the STATISTICA data analysis software system programme. The results of the research study indicated that the majority of participants practice mixed feeding methods which do not comply with safe infant feeding standards. Infant feeding methods are not changed during illness or disease experienced by either the mother or infant, which again may greatly compromise their health status. The uptake of HIV testing and disclosure were relatively high. Recommendations are made for nursing education, nursing research and nursing practice with special focus on establishing safe infant feeding practices. / Thesis (M.Cur.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

<p>This paper will analyse critically the main sources, namely UNCAC, the African Union Convention on Prevention and Combating Corruption (AU Convention), the Southern African Development Community Protocol against Corruption (SADC Protocol) and the Council of Europe Criminal Law Convention on Corruption (CoE Convention). Furthermore, the paper will examine the corresponding explanatory notes and try to provide a picture of the most important aspects of the issue. As many countries are obliged to consider the criminalisation of trading in influence, drawing an overview of it may make a substantial contribution to its comprehension. Due to the limited space, the paper is unable to cover all provisions of trading in influence in countries where it exists. Accordingly, the discussion will be restricted to the situation in France, Spain and Belgium. By analysing the position in these countries, the different approaches to criminalisation can be highlighted.</p>

The main premise of this treatise is to discuss the Mauritian Law of Procedural Fairness within the context of Dismissal for Misconduct: A comparative study with the South African Doctrine of unfair Labour Practice. It analyses in detail the types of misconduct that eventually leads to the dismissal of an employee. The dismissal has not only to be substantively fair but also procedurally fair. To support the views expressed in the research, reference has been made to labour law cases decided mainly in Mauritius and South Africa. There are, however, references to other jurisdictions such as India, England, Australia, Namibia. The major constraint that the researcher encountered was the unavailability of decided cases referred from the Industrial Court of Mauritius. Most of the cases referred to in the Mauritian context are the Supreme Court decisions on dismissals due to misconduct. Thus for lack of relevant cases in Mauritius, there is a heavy reliance on cases decided in South Africa and other jurisdictions. These references have constructively enhanced the legal dimension of the topic under discussion. / Thesis (LL.M.)-University of Durban-Westville, Durban, 2001.

This four-month case study explored the connections among language, literacy, and identity development of five African American women as they shared narratives within a beauty salon context. The questions that guided the study were: (a) What language and literacy practices are enacted in the beauty salon? (b) In what way do African American women narrate their experiences? (c) What stories are shared by African American women in the salon? (d) What are the effects on the listeners of the narratives shared in the salon? and (e) How are social and cultural identities (co)constructed and performed in the narratives? The narratives were analyzed using Reissman’s (2008) dialogic/performance analysis approach. The Identities in Practice framework applied, situated the work in relation to the four contexts for identity development (figured worlds, positionality, spaces for authoring, and making world through serious play) outlined in Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, and Cain’s (2008). The findings supported previous findings that storytelling events and the use of narratives were the primary means for African American women sharing their lived experiences in the beauty salon. This corroborated with findings from Richardson (2003) and others focused on African American female language and literacy practices. Three themes emerged from the narrative data, which reflected challenges the women experience in their social, racial/cultural, and gendered conversations and experiences. Additionally, two focal participants’ narratives were examined to explore the ways identity was performed through their use of language in the narratives. The analysis indicated Kelly and Pam were strongly affiliated to social and cultural identities that included identities about motherhood, gender equity, and activists in the Black community. The importance of this research is to continue to explore the ways African American women build and shape their identities through language. Schools across the nation are neglecting the power and uses of language to build up the language and literacy resources of children that arrive to school with a history of oral traditions. Presenting school contexts as a space of authoring would undoubtedly create greater equity and access for others to learn about their lived experiences that make up a part of their educational experiences.

During the 20th century, numerous philosophers of science pointed out several problems afflicting scientific communication. Communication in accounting is also problematic. In both cases (science and accounting) there seems to be a tension between objectivism and subjectivism. The former emphasizes the objects of knowledge while the latter prefers to rely on the human subject. In science one of these approaches seems to prevail in different periods. In accounting there seems to be an oscillation or ambiguity between the two tendencies (subjectivism and objectivism) which remain side by side. A polarity seems to emerge as statutory disclosures are influenced by objectivism, while contextual disclosures are inclined towards subjectivism. With reference to the philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd subjectivism and objectivism are interpreted as emphasizing certain modal aspects to the detriment of others. Although this problem can be regarded as the cause of many difficulties in annual reports, this article focuses on communication problems. It is suggested that a better approach can be adopted by paying attention to all the modal aspects, in particular to those which tend to be neglected under a certain approach (objectivism or subjectivism). The final sections of this article provide a few concrete examples of how to improve communication in corporate reports by taking into account the neglected modal aspects. / MPhil, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

In this mini-dissertation the aim was to explore and describe the safety of infant feeding practices. It is argued that safe infant feeding practices can have a positive and long term effect on the health status and growth development of all infants. World wide, countries but more specific developing countries, are faced with the growing dilemma of high mortality and morbidity rates among infants. The need to find a way to eliminate and prevent the causing factors of life-threatening infectious diseases like diarrhoea and HIV/AIDS is now more important than ever before. A sound nutritional foundation together with safe infant feeding methods play a predominant role in ensuring the very survival of the infant. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used in this study. Non-probability sampling was used to identify the sample who complied with the set selection criteria. The research took place in a semi-urban community as the community serves a large group of mothers and infants as well as being accessible to the researcher. The semi-urban community was also identified as an area with health care needs that could be addressed in the research project. A questionnaire was adapted from an existing WHO assessment tool. A pilot study was conducted after which the questionnaire was finalised and the questionnaires were completed with the aid of three fieldworkers. Data collection took place until the sample size (n=155) was achieved according to the calculation of the statistician. The data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation by using the STATISTICA data analysis software system programme. The results of the research study indicated that the majority of participants practice mixed feeding methods which do not comply with safe infant feeding standards. Infant feeding methods are not changed during illness or disease experienced by either the mother or infant, which again may greatly compromise their health status. The uptake of HIV testing and disclosure were relatively high. Recommendations are made for nursing education, nursing research and nursing practice with special focus on establishing safe infant feeding practices. / Thesis (M.Cur.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Performance goal practices have been linked to negative behavioral and emotional outcomes in students. Despite this, little research has been done to understand what leads teachers to use these practices. Additionally, while there is significant research on individual characteristics of students based on their placement in classrooms with high or low performance goal practices, there is a lack of research on how these practices affect their social relationships. These questions were examined in this two journal article dissertation. In the first study, 461 elementary teachers were surveyed on their use of performance goal practices, as well as their years of teaching experience. They were also asked to determine the number of students who drained their energy, a measure of teacher perceived stress. Finally, students from these classrooms were surveyed using peer nominations to determine the number of aggressive students in each classroom, a measure of stress exposure. Multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate what elements of teacher stress might predict the use of performance goal practices in elementary classrooms. In the second study, 576 elementary teachers were surveyed on use their performance goal practices. Students were assessed on their ability in reading and math, and peer nominations were used to determine to what degree each student was accepted by their peers. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to determine whether the use of performance goal practices moderated the relationship between academic achievement and peer acceptance. Results from the first study indicate that teacher perceived stress and years of experience are predictors of the use of performance goal practices. Results from the second study indicate that in lower elementary classrooms only, the relationship between math achievement and peer acceptance was stronger in classrooms where the teachers reported a higher use of performance goal practices. Overall, these studies suggest that teachers who perceive more stress are more likely to use classroom practices that do not lead to optimal outcomes for their students. Results also demonstrate that for younger elementary students, these practices inform their decisions about classmates' likeability, which could be harmful to the social status of lower achieving students.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Educational Leadership, 2004. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 202-231).