Title of work Psychological training at the sports swimming Goal of work Goal of work is to ascertain the degree of foreknowledge and the utilization of the psychological training as well as managing the emotive condition in contest situations at sports swimming. The role of the research object played the men and women swimmers of the representative teams of the Czech Republic. Techniques and methodology Collection of dates is based on a questionnaire survey. This questionnaire survey was put together for the sake of the goal's purpose and revised by specialists at psychology and swimming. The gained data are presented by means of the quantitive projection in the chart and graphic form. Outcome The final outcome proves a certain cognizance of the competitive swimmers about the relevance of the psychological training. But by most of them is the psychological training considered as insufficient. Only few of the respondents take the advantage of coactions with a sports psychologist. The most frequented psychological methods used by swimmers are - verbal influencing, self-regulatory resources and music incentive. Key words Swimming, psychological training methods, contest condition, emotions.

Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar os tipos psicológicos mais recorrentes no grupo de atletas analisados e verificar a influência do treinamento psicológico nos estados de humor e desempenho técnico. A amostra foi composta por 17 atletas de basquetebol de alto rendimento, componentes de duas equipes que disputaram os Jogos Regionais de São Paulo, em 2007. Cada equipe realizou seis jogos no referido campeonato.As equipes foram divididas em grupo experimental (equipe A com treinamento psicológico n=9) e grupo controle (equipe B sem treinamento psicológico n=8). Ambas as equipes responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: QUATI (para identificação dos tipos psicológicos), aplicado uma única vez um mês antes da competição e BRAMS (versão brasileira do POMS), que foi aplicado em quatro momentos diferentes (um mês e uma semana antes da competição, e 1º. e 3º. jogos). A essas equipes também foi aplicado o Índice de Eficiência Técnica (adotado pela Confederação Brasileira de Basketball) nos jogos da referida competição. Para o tratamento dos dados foram utilizadas ANOVA e Coeficiente de Correlação de Postos de Spearman.A equipe A foi submetida ao treinamento psicológico baseado no programa desenvolvido por SUINN (1988). Os resultados apontaram que houve uma predominância do tipo psicológico voltado ao pensamento na equipe A, enquanto que na equipe B os tipos predominantes foram sensação e intuição. Houve um equilíbrio entre as atitudes de introversão e extroversão nas duas equipes. Em relação aos estados de humor, a equipe A apresentou os estados negativos (tensão, depressão, raiva, fadiga e confusão) abaixo do percentil 50 nos momentos 3 e 4 e acima desse percentil nos momentos 1 e 2. Já o estado de humor positivo (vigor) esteve acima do percentil 50 durante todo o período competitivo. Na equipe B, os estados de humor negativos estiveram acima do percentil 50 durante toda a competição, exceto a tensão nos momentos 2, 3 e 4. O estado de humor positivo (vigor) obteve os mesmos índices apresentados pela equipe A. Ao correlacionar-se os estados de humor com os índices de eficiência técnica não foram observados resultados significantes para a equipe A, enquanto que a equipe B apresentou uma forte correlação negativa entre o estado de humor confusão e o índice de eficiência do terceiro jogo (-0,90). Apesar da curta duração do trabalho realizado pode-se considerar que o treinamento psicológico teve sua contribuição na melhora dos níveis de estados de humor dos atletas e não houve correlação significante entre os estados de humor e o índice de eficiência técnica para a equipe A. / The purposes of this study were to identify the most frequent psychological types among a group of high level athletes and to verify the influence of psychological training in mood states and technical performance of those athletes. The sample were composed by 17 high level basketball players, competing for two teams at Regional Championship in the State of São Paulo, in 2007. Each team played six games at this tournament. The teams were divided in two groups: Team A (experimental group with psychological training program n=9) and Team B (control group without psychological training program n=8). Both teams answered the following inventories: QUATI (for the identification the psychological types - just one month before competition); BRAMS (Brazilian version of POMS in four different moments: one month and one week before competition and before first and third games during competition). The teams were also assessed by a Technical Efficienfy Index (EFI - adopted by Brazilian Basketball Confederation) during all games. Data analysis were made using ANOVA and Spearman Rank Correlation. The Psychological Trainning Program was based on SUINN (1988). The results showed a predominance of psychological type thought in team A, while psychological types sensation and intuition were predominant in team B. In both teams the functions introversion and extroversion were present at the same level. Concerning mood states, team A presented all negative factors (tension, depression, anger, confusion and fatigue) bellow percentile 50 in moments 3 and 4 and above this percentile in moments 1 and 2. The positive factor vigor was above percentile 50 all time long. In team B, the negative mood states were above percentile 50 all over the competition, except factor tension in moments 2, 3 and 4. The factor vigor presented the same level as team A. There wasn´t significative correlation between each mood state and technical performance index for both teams during the games, except for team B for the factor confusion and EFI at third game. Despite of brief duration of realized work it is possible to consider that the psychological training had your contribution in levels of mood states improvement the athletes and there wasn´t significative correlation between each mood state and technical performance index for team A

Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar os tipos psicológicos mais recorrentes no grupo de atletas analisados e verificar a influência do treinamento psicológico nos estados de humor e desempenho técnico. A amostra foi composta por 17 atletas de basquetebol de alto rendimento, componentes de duas equipes que disputaram os Jogos Regionais de São Paulo, em 2007. Cada equipe realizou seis jogos no referido campeonato.As equipes foram divididas em grupo experimental (equipe A com treinamento psicológico n=9) e grupo controle (equipe B sem treinamento psicológico n=8). Ambas as equipes responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: QUATI (para identificação dos tipos psicológicos), aplicado uma única vez um mês antes da competição e BRAMS (versão brasileira do POMS), que foi aplicado em quatro momentos diferentes (um mês e uma semana antes da competição, e 1º. e 3º. jogos). A essas equipes também foi aplicado o Índice de Eficiência Técnica (adotado pela Confederação Brasileira de Basketball) nos jogos da referida competição. Para o tratamento dos dados foram utilizadas ANOVA e Coeficiente de Correlação de Postos de Spearman.A equipe A foi submetida ao treinamento psicológico baseado no programa desenvolvido por SUINN (1988). Os resultados apontaram que houve uma predominância do tipo psicológico voltado ao pensamento na equipe A, enquanto que na equipe B os tipos predominantes foram sensação e intuição. Houve um equilíbrio entre as atitudes de introversão e extroversão nas duas equipes. Em relação aos estados de humor, a equipe A apresentou os estados negativos (tensão, depressão, raiva, fadiga e confusão) abaixo do percentil 50 nos momentos 3 e 4 e acima desse percentil nos momentos 1 e 2. Já o estado de humor positivo (vigor) esteve acima do percentil 50 durante todo o período competitivo. Na equipe B, os estados de humor negativos estiveram acima do percentil 50 durante toda a competição, exceto a tensão nos momentos 2, 3 e 4. O estado de humor positivo (vigor) obteve os mesmos índices apresentados pela equipe A. Ao correlacionar-se os estados de humor com os índices de eficiência técnica não foram observados resultados significantes para a equipe A, enquanto que a equipe B apresentou uma forte correlação negativa entre o estado de humor confusão e o índice de eficiência do terceiro jogo (-0,90). Apesar da curta duração do trabalho realizado pode-se considerar que o treinamento psicológico teve sua contribuição na melhora dos níveis de estados de humor dos atletas e não houve correlação significante entre os estados de humor e o índice de eficiência técnica para a equipe A. / The purposes of this study were to identify the most frequent psychological types among a group of high level athletes and to verify the influence of psychological training in mood states and technical performance of those athletes. The sample were composed by 17 high level basketball players, competing for two teams at Regional Championship in the State of São Paulo, in 2007. Each team played six games at this tournament. The teams were divided in two groups: Team A (experimental group with psychological training program n=9) and Team B (control group without psychological training program n=8). Both teams answered the following inventories: QUATI (for the identification the psychological types - just one month before competition); BRAMS (Brazilian version of POMS in four different moments: one month and one week before competition and before first and third games during competition). The teams were also assessed by a Technical Efficienfy Index (EFI - adopted by Brazilian Basketball Confederation) during all games. Data analysis were made using ANOVA and Spearman Rank Correlation. The Psychological Trainning Program was based on SUINN (1988). The results showed a predominance of psychological type thought in team A, while psychological types sensation and intuition were predominant in team B. In both teams the functions introversion and extroversion were present at the same level. Concerning mood states, team A presented all negative factors (tension, depression, anger, confusion and fatigue) bellow percentile 50 in moments 3 and 4 and above this percentile in moments 1 and 2. The positive factor vigor was above percentile 50 all time long. In team B, the negative mood states were above percentile 50 all over the competition, except factor tension in moments 2, 3 and 4. The factor vigor presented the same level as team A. There wasn´t significative correlation between each mood state and technical performance index for both teams during the games, except for team B for the factor confusion and EFI at third game. Despite of brief duration of realized work it is possible to consider that the psychological training had your contribution in levels of mood states improvement the athletes and there wasn´t significative correlation between each mood state and technical performance index for team A

Magister Artium - MA (Psychology) / The present study aimed to determine the employment and employability profiles of alumni from structured professional Masters programmes in psychology. Issues of low enrolment rates and high attrition rates are at the fore of transformation efforts in the South African higher education sector. The concern of graduate employability and the relevance of skills training received to the labour market are of international concern. Graduate tracer studies have been successfully implemented internationally to attempt to understand these issues. Training relevance is of particular concern for the field of psychology in South Africa, as there is a significant shortage of mental health professionals. Understanding where graduates from professional Masters degrees in psychology find employment, as well as understanding their employability, may lead to greater absorption of graduates from these programmes into the workforce. Permission to conduct the present study and ethics clearance was obtained from the Senate Research Committee of the University of the Western Cape, and all relevant ethics principles were adhered to. An incentivised, online survey was conducted with a sample of 29 Masters-level graduates from two professional psychology programmes at a historically disadvantaged university. The study used a modified version of the Standard Instrument for Graduates. The survey had a 50% response rate (29 of 58) after at least four electronic reminders. Respondents graduated between 2008 and 2013, 13 from the clinical Masters programme and 16 from the research Masters programme. Descriptive statistics were used to depict the employment and employability profiles of the alumni. Most of the respondents were female (n=21), and about a third were first generation students (n=11). Most of the respondents were currently employed (n=25). They were employed in a variety of fields, predominantly health (n=10) and higher education (n=7), and largely clustered in the public sector (n=17). This suggested a transferability of skills. The training received was perceived to be relevant, in terms of accessing employment and conducting current work. Most of the clinical graduates were registered as clinical psychologists (n=12) with the Health Professionals Council of South Africa. There were varied registrations held by graduates from the research programme and some were not registered. The respondents held generally positive attitudes towards their alma mater. These descriptive results were interpreted through the use of McQuaid and Lindsay's (2005) framework of employability, based on the interaction between their individual factors, personal circumstances and external factors. Through this frame, the results highlighted the complex nature of the employability of these graduates.

Magister Artium - MA (Psychology) / The present study aimed to determine the employment and employability profiles of alumni from structured professional Masters programmes in psychology. Issues of low enrolment rates and high attrition rates are at the fore of transformation efforts in the South African higher education sector. The concern of graduate employability and the relevance of skills training received to the labour market are of international concern. Graduate tracer studies have been successfully implemented internationally to attempt to understand these issues. Training relevance is of particular concern for the field of psychology in South Africa, as there is a significant shortage of mental health professionals. Understanding where graduates from professional Masters degrees in psychology find employment, as well as understanding their employability, may lead to greater absorption of graduates from these programmes into the workforce. Permission to conduct the present study and ethics clearance was obtained from the Senate Research Committee of the University of the Western Cape, and all relevant ethics principles were adhered to. An incentivised, online survey was conducted with a sample of 29 Masters-level graduates from two professional psychology programmes at a historically disadvantaged university. The study used a modified version of the Standard Instrument for Graduates. The survey had a 50% response rate (29 of 58) after at least four electronic reminders. Respondents graduated between 2008 and 2013, 13 from the clinical Masters programme and 16 from the research Masters programme. Descriptive statistics were used to depict the employment and employability profiles of the alumni.

The aims of this study were to explore professionals’ and clients’ experiences of diagnosis and treatment of auditory verbal hallucinations with a view to identifying important clinical issues for counselling psychologists. Six professionals, three psychologists and three psychiatrists, who had worked with people who hear voices, alongside four clients who hear voices, volunteered and participated in a semi-structured interview. These interviews were transcribed and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as described by Smith, Flowers and Larkin (2009). A table of super-ordinate and sub-ordinate themes was created as a result of this analysis. A number of themes arose from both groups of participants’ experiences. The main themes that arose for the professionals was: professional ambivalence; varying theories on causes of voices; perspectives on diagnosis and formulation; perspectives on medication; thoughts on working therapeutically; and, thinking on recovery. The themes that arose from the clients’ experiences were feelings about diagnosis and experiences of treatment. This research concludes that there is professional ambivalence in working with people who hear voices that is caused by a lack of certainty about the causes of the phenomenon alongside a lack of training in working with clients who have symptoms of psychosis. This impacts clients in several ways. The clients in this study were not offered the option to have any involvement in their own care and none of them were offered therapy as a treatment option. The study also concludes that psychiatric diagnosis does not consider all pertinent information related to clients’ issues which can lead to inconsistency in the diagnosis of clients who hear voices.

The subject matter of the study is hardiness in adolescents. The object matter of the study is psychological correlates of hardiness in adolescents. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, conclusions, a list of references (70 sources) and an annex including the blank forms of the applied methods. The volume of the master`s thesis is 127 pages, which include 9 figures and 4 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the chosen research problem, the level of development of the problematics, the objective and the tasks of the study are set, the object and the subject of research are determined, hypotheses are formulated, methods and empirical basis are indicated, as well as the stages of the research, the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of research, an analysis of the methodological foundations of the study of legal consciousness, the rationale for the theoretical model of legal consciousness (structure and functions), a description of factors affecting the formation of legal consciousness. Features of the legal consciousness of students are presented. Conclusions on the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It includes a description of the organization and methods of the study, as well as the results obtained due to the applied methods. The experiment included a forming stage. At the staggering stage for determining the levels of formation of components of legal consciousness, the students used the author's method of investigating the legal consciousness of the person RR. Muslumov. For the study of self-evaluation, the Dembo-Rubinstein method was used (in the modification of AM Prikhozhan). At the formative stage, the psychological training "Adult Steps" was used. As a result, qualitative positive results were obtained on the scales "legal activity" and "motivation cognition". Also, the chapter presents a correlation and factor analysis of the results of the study. The findings of Chapter 2 are the main results of the empirical study. In the conclusion, brief results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work are presented, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses. The practical significance of the study is substantiated and possible prospects for further development of the problematics are described. / Объектом исследования явилось правовое сознание студентов. Предметом исследования стал психологический тренинг как средство формирования правового сознания студентов. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (70 источников) и приложений, включающих в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем магистерской диссертации 127 страниц, на которых размещены 9 рисунков и 4 таблицы. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме исследования, анализ методологических основ изучения правового сознания, обоснование теоретической модели правового сознания (структуры и функций) описание факторов, влияющих на формирование правового сознания. Представлены особенности правового сознания студентов. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам. Исследование включало констатирующий и формирующий этапы. На констатирующем этапе для определения уровней сформированности компонентов правового сознания у студентов использована авторская методика исследования правового сознания личности Р.Р. Муслумова. Для исследования самооценки использовалась методика Дембо-Рубинштейн (в модификации А. М. Прихожан). На формирующем этапе использовался психологический тренинг «Взрослые шаги» (авторы – Егорова О.В. и др. Санкт-Петербургская общественная организация «Врачи детям»). В результате получены качественные положительные результаты по шкалам «правовая активность» и «непредубежденность». Также в главе представлены корреляционный и факторный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики.

The thesis presents the results of an empirical study of emotional intelligence on a sample of psychology students and managers, describes the features of socially-psychological training and seminars as active methods of formation of emotional intelligence. / В диссертации представлены результаты эмпирического исследования эмоционального интеллекта на выборке студентов-психологов и управленцев, описаны особенности социально-психологического тренинга и семинарских занятий как активных методов формирования эмоционального интеллекта.

Объектом исследования явились представления психологов о трудностях психологического консультирования. Предметом исследования стало содержание представлений о трудностях психологического консультирования у практикующих психологов и студентов психологических направлений подготовки. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (80 источников) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем магистерской диссертации 140 страниц, на которых размещены 11 рисунков и 47 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме трудностей психологического консультирования. Представлены разделы, посвященные особенностям клиента и особенностям консультанта. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: методу опроса экспертов; методу семантического дифференциала; методике незаконченных предложений; методике самооценки эмоционально-личностного благополучия Л.В. Карапетян, Г.А. Глотова; Методике диагностики эмоционального интеллекта Н. Холла; Методике диагностики уровня субъективного контроля Е. Ф. Бажина, Е. А. Голынкиной, Л. М. Эткинда. В главе представлен дескриптивный, сравнительный и корреляционный анализ результатов исследования, а также контент-анализ результатов исследования по методике незаконченных предложений и угловое преобразование Фишера. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам. / The research object was the representations of psychologists about the difficulties of psychological counseling. The research subject was the content of representations about the difficulties of psychological counseling among practicing psychologists and students of psychological training areas. The master’s thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (80 sources), and an appendix, which includes forms of the applied techniques. The master’s thesis volume is 140 pages, which contain 11 figures and 47 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the degree of development of the problem, sets the goal and objectives of the research, defines the research object and subject, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, specifies the methods and empirical base, as well as the research stages, scientific novelty, the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the subject of the difficulties of psychological counseling. The sections devoted to the peculiar features of the client and the characteristics of the consultant are presented. The conclusions of the first chapter represent the results of the research of the theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the research empirical part. It contains the description of the organization and methods of the conducted research and the results obtained by all the techniques used: the method of interviewing experts; the method of semantic differential; the method of unfinished sentences; the method of self-assessment of emotional and personal well-being by L.V. Karapetyan, G.A. Glotova; the method for diagnosing emotional intelligence by N. Hall; the method of diagnosis of the level of subjective control by E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind. The chapter presents a descriptive, comparative, and correlation analysis of the research results, as well as a content analysis of the research results under the method of unfinished sentences and the Fisher angular transformation. The conclusion summarizes the results of the research theoretical and empirical parts, as well as the findings on the hypotheses put forward.