Univ., Diss.--Oxford, 2000. / Literaturverz. S. [265] - 293.

Freie Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2000.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2001--Köln.

In approaching the scientific literature on the UNESCO world heritage site of Palmyra for the first time, any scholar would be immediately struck by the number of studies devoted to the Roman phase of the settlement – roughly 1st-third quarter of the 3rd century. By contrast, contributions on late antique and early Islamic Palmyra have never been numerous, reflecting both the preference granted by current scholarship to the study of Roman remains and the paucity of archaeological and written evidence at our disposal to cast light on this period. Admittedly, works on post-273 Palmyra have grown significantly in number in the last couple of decades. Yet, almost the totality of them has often been confined to the examination of items of circumstantial evidence. We still lack an organic publication that attempts a systematic overview of these works and tries to contextualise the history of the city in a broader geographic and chronological framework. Numerous questions, such as the fate of the city in the 5th century, remain to be answered; other evidence, such as the bulk of early Arabic written sources, still has to be fully explored. This dissertation presents an examination of those evidence that are useful to better understand the historical development of the settlement from the fall of Zenobia and the second Palmyrene revolt (272-273) to the collapse of the Umayyad caliphate (750). The civilian and military character of the city is investigated through the analysis of specific themes for which enough evidence is available to work with. Besides written sources and published archaeological evidence, archival material is used to cast more light on a selected number of specific items of evidence. The final output of this study is to present a comprehensive history of the post-Roman settlement to be taken as a starting point for future discussion on the topic.

This diploma thesis deals with the issue ancient caravan trade in the region of Roman Syria. The available evidence on ancient over-land trade is analyzed here, as well as its routes, main trade commodities, and historical events connected with the trade in the Near Eastern Roman provinces. The intention was to process all the accessible sources concerning the local epigraphy in its urban context, complemented by examinations of the archaeology of the city and narrative sources. The goods arriving to the province of Syria are divided typologically and also according to their utilization and provenience. The prices of main trade commodities are summarized in the chart. The main trade routes crossing the region of the Roman province of Syria are divided geographically into southern and northern routes, and to the routes leading westwards from Palmyra or Antioch to the Mediterranean ports. I also explored the caravan trade of south Arabia mediated by the Nabateans, and its development according to Roman provincial policy. According to the analyzed sources, the decline of the Nabatean trade is examined. The decline was primarily caused by the Roman effort to weaken the influence of the Nabatean kingdom. The key issue of the thesis reveals the Palmyra's caravan trade development in its hinterland and...

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-10-11T20:26:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaGoncalvesBorgesSilveira_TESE.pdf: 5510568 bytes, checksum: b0f83a00c30ec21a7fd83efa5911e4f0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-13T20:34:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaGoncalvesBorgesSilveira_TESE.pdf: 5510568 bytes, checksum: b0f83a00c30ec21a7fd83efa5911e4f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T20:34:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaGoncalvesBorgesSilveira_TESE.pdf: 5510568 bytes, checksum: b0f83a00c30ec21a7fd83efa5911e4f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / O livro Roseira brava, de Palmyra Wanderley, foi publicado pela primeira vez em 1929. Em seus versos, a autora apresenta tend?ncias nas quais se destacam caracter?sticas tardias do Romantismo, mas tamb?m deixa antever tra?os da est?tica modernista. Para analisar seus versos, primeiramente, buscou-se contextualizar o espa?o social e biogr?fico da escritora, visto que s?o elementos necess?rios ? compreens?o dos significados evocados no texto liter?rio. Al?m disso, buscou-se pesquisar as tend?ncias rom?nticas e modernas a fim de analisara obra da poetisa em quest?o sob a ?tica da teoria do p?s-romantismo, segundo Ant?nio C?ndido, em contraponto com os aspectos presentes no movimento modernista. O roteiro metodol?gico deste estudo, cujo objetivo maior ? analisar a obra da escritora inserida na historiografia liter?ria do Rio Grande do Norte, privilegia os poemas a partir das principais tem?ticas sugeridas no texto: a religiosidade presente em seus versos, que, muitas vezes, dialoga com o profano; o sentimentalismo presente no amor rom?ntico; a visibilidade luzidia de Natal, ?cidade cheia de panoramas?, revelada em mais de 15 poemas; e a leitura da paisagem natural do Rio Grande do Norte revestida de cores sensuais e elementos afetivos. Com base nesses roteiros tem?ticos e metodol?gicos, empreende-se uma leitura desta po?tica sincr?tica que se situa numa esp?cie de entre lugar - entre a tradi??o e a modernidade - e sugere a conflu?ncia de diferentes est?ticas como Classicismo, Romantismo, Parnasianismo e Modernismo. / Published for the very first time in 1929, Roseira Brava, by Brazilian writer Palmira Wanderley, manages to depict delayed characteristics of the Romantic period while conveying traces of the Modernist movement. To analyze the writer?s verses, research on her biographic and social background was conducted, as it is believed that such contextualization is vital to understanding the nuances in her literary piece. Moreover, both romantic and modernist trends were thoroughly researched with the purpose to further analyze the poet?s work in light of Ant?nio Candido?s post-romanticism theory compared against the characteristics of the Modernist movement. The methodological approach for this study, whose main purpose is to analyze Palmira?s work within the literary historiography of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, highlights poems which bring the recurrent themes portrayed in said piece: religiousness, which, in some poems, dialogues with the profane; sentimentalism as part of romantic love; the city of Natal?s shiny appearance, ?a city full of panoramas?, depicted in over 15 poems; and the state?s natural landscapes described with elements of sensuality and affection. Based upon this methodological approach, a polarized analysis of a piece inserted in contrasting positions - in between tradition and modernity - is suggested, where Classicism, Romanticism, Parnassianism, and Modernism come together.

This essay analyzes destruction of cultural heritage, and its impact on future archaeological research. A qualitative case study on four different events of destruction on cultural heritage to evaluate whether it can be positive or negative. It explores if this phenomenon is new or old. Hopefully, the essay also contributes to the knowledge gap that exists in today's analysis of systematic destruction of cultural heritage. First, the concept of cultural heritage and systematic destruction is analyzed. Thereafter, a variety of cases are considered to finally arrive at four different events to be analyzed. In these four different events, a case study is made that aims to contribute to a deeper understanding on destruction of culture heritage. If it contributes to something positive or negative to the people in that society, and a possible outcome on how we look back on history. The events that form the case study are the destruction of the Baalshamin Temple, the demolition of the southern state statues, the transplantation of the Abu simbel monuments from Egypt and the destruction of the Sami drums. The results found that systematic destruction of cultural heritage is a complex issue and does not have an absolute explanation. Destruction of cultural heritage usually affects archaeologists negatively as it prevents future research and results in a less nuanced image of history. Destruction of cultural heritage is usually considered negative, however, moving objects is considered to be more positive.

No description available.

The worship experience in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is inextricably linked to the ward or branch. This thesis examines the development of the Latter-day Saint congregation at the church centers from 1829 to 1846: Palmyra and Fayette, New York; Harmony, Pennsylvania; Kirtland, Ohio; Independence, Liberty and Far West in Missouri; and Nauvoo, Illinois. This work not only documents the creation and development of congregations, but also gives attention to the other important elements developed during the early years that are still associated with modern Latter-day Saint wards: meeting and worship patterns, physical locations where meetings took place, and leadership of local branches and wards. More on parameters and purpose is spelled out in Chapter 1.Each of the next three chapters deals with a time period and place, tracking all four of the elements of emphasis through an era. Chapter 2 briefly discusses meetings and groups before the official organization of the Church, and then continues on to consider the developments made in the three areas considered as Church centers: Fayette and Palmyra in New York and Harmony, Pennsylvania. The bulk of Chapter 2, however, deals with Kirtland, Ohio, which was headquarters for the Church for much of the 1830s.The three counties in Missouri that held the highest concentration of Saints-Jackson, Clay and Caldwell-are the area of study for Chapter 3. Eventually driven not only from all of these counties but also the state of Missouri, the Saints moved on to Illinois, the subject of Chapter 4. Quincy, Illinois was briefly considered the Church center until the purchase of the land that became Nauvoo. The final chapter synthesizes each of the four topics: congregational organization, meeting patterns, local leadership, and meeting places. Consequently, it is a brief overview of what advancements were made across all years and places studied in each area of focus.