O tema de O circo teatro - Um estudo de caso: o Pavilhão Aretuzza é o circo-teatro e tem foco nas atividades do Circo Pavilhão Arethuzza, desde seu surgimento no século XIX, até o encerramento de suas atividades em 1964. A pesquisa aborda um panorama histórico das primeiras manifestações circenses e teatrais em terras brasileiras. Apresenta os fatores responsáveis pela união do circo com o teatro, incluindo a gripe espanhola de 1918, que deram origem ao novo gênero. Enfatiza a entrada do circo para o teatro, observando este momento pelo ângulo espacial e de como o palco, nos moldes italianos, instalou-se debaixo da tenda circense. Investiga a estética teatral circense de quando o espetáculo teatral passou a fazer parte das atrações circenses. Analisa os diversos gêneros desse período, incluindo o melodrama, que caiu no gosto do público. Mostra ainda como as personagens foram divididas em tipos, tomando como base o físico e temperamento dos atores. Cenografia, figurinos, música e ensaios são aspectos detalhados ao longo do trabalho. A tese aprofunda estudos na trajetória e no encontro das famílias Viana, Santoro e Neves, que em pouco tempo se tornaram a companhia mais bem sucedida nas apresentações de circo-teatro, com destaque na qualidade de suas montagens e agindo como difusora da cultura teatral em nosso país. O estudo mostra que o circo-teatro, além de contribuir com uma estética própria, constituiu-se durante muitos anos em um dos mais importantes veículos de difusão da arte teatral em praças não alcançadas pelas companhias convencionais de teatro, radicadas nas grandes cidades. / The theme of this thesis is The drama-circus a case study: the Arethuzza Pavillion and its focus is set on the activities of the Arethuzza Pavillion Circus, since its origin in the nineteenth century until the end of its activities in 1964. This research broaches a historic overview of the first circus and drama manifestations in Brazil. Factors that were the cause for the fusion between circus and drama are introduced, includind the spanish flu in 1918, that gave birth to this new kind of entertainment. We enphasise the entrance of the circus into the drama, taking a look at this moment by the spatial angle and how the drama stage, in the italian style, fits under the circus´s tent. We also investigate the circus and drama aesthetics when the theatre spectacle started to be part of the program of the circus attractions. We study the varied styles of this period, including melodrama, that was promptly accepted by the audiences. This is an opportunity to show how the playing characters were separated in types, taking as reference the actors physical appearance and their moods. Set and costumes design, music and rehearsals are some of the relevant points in this study. The thesis deepens studies on the paths of the families Viana, Santoro and Neves and how they got associated, that make of them, in a very short time, one of the most important companies, because of the good quality of their shows and acting as a theatrical culture diffusion in our country. This study shows the circus-drama, that not only contributed with its own aesthetics, but was, for a long time, one of the most important means of the theatrical art diffusion in places that were not reached by the conventional theatrical companies, placed in the great cities.

Le travail de thèse que nous présentons s’articule autour de l’utilisation de caméras motorisées à trois degrés de liberté, également appelées caméras PTZ. Ces caméras peuvent être pilotées suivant deux angles. L’angle de panorama (θ) permet une rotation autour d’un axe vertical et l’angle de tangage (ϕ) permet une rotation autour d’un axe horizontal. Si, théoriquement, ces caméras permettent donc une vue omnidirectionnelle, elles limitent le plus souvent la rotation suivant l’angle de panorama mais surtout suivant l’angle de tangage. En plus du pilotage des rotations, ces caméras permettent également de contrôler la distance focale permettant ainsi un degré de liberté supplémentaire. Par rapport à d’autres modèles, les caméras PTZ permettent de construire un panorama - représentation étendue d’une scène construite à partir d’une collection d’image - de très grande résolution. La première étape dans la construction d’un panorama est l’acquisition des différentes prises de vue. A cet effet, nous avons réalisé une étude théorique permettant une couverture optimale de la sphère à partir de surfaces rectangulaires en limitant les zones de recouvrement. Cette étude nous permet de calculer une trajectoire optimale de la caméra et de limiter le nombre de prises de vues nécessaires à la représentation de la scène. Nous proposons également différents traitements permettant d’améliorer sensiblement le rendu et de corriger la plupart des défauts liés à l’assemblage d’une collection d’images acquises avec des paramètres de prises de vue différents. Une part importante de notre travail a été consacrée au recalage automatique d’images en temps réel, c’est à dire que chaque étapes est effectuée en moins de 40ms pour permettre le traitement de 25 images par seconde. La technologie que nous avons développée permet d’obtenir un recalage particulièrement précis avec un temps d’exécution de l’ordre de 4ms (AMD1.8MHz). Enfin, nous proposons deux applications de suivi d’objets en mouvement directement issues de nos travaux de recherche. La première associe une caméra PTZ à un miroir sphérique. L’association de ces deux éléments permet de détecter tout objet en mouvement dans la scène puis de se focaliser sur l’un d’eux. Dans le cadre de cette application, nous proposons un algorithme de calibrage automatique de l’ensemble caméra et miroir. La deuxième application n’exploite que la caméra PTZ et permet la segmentation et le suivi des objets dans la scène pendant le mouvement de la caméra. Par rapport aux applications classiques de suivi de cible en mouvement avec une caméra PTZ, notre approche se différencie par le fait que réalisons une segmentation fine des objets permettant leur classification. / The thesis considers the of use motorized cameras with 3 degrees of freedom which are commonly called PTZ cameras. The orientation of such cameras is controlled according to two angles: the panorama angle (θ) describes the degree of rotation around on vertical axis and the tilt angle (ϕ) refers to rotation along a meridian line. Theoretically, these cameras can cover an omnidirectional field of vision of 4psr. Generally, the panorama angle and especially the tilt angle are limited for such cameras. In addition to control of the orientation of the camera, it is also possible to control focal distance, thus allowing an additional degree of freedom. Compared to other material, PTZ cameras thus allow one to build a panorama of very high resolution. A panorama is a wide representation of a scene built starting from a collection of images. The first stage in the construction of a panorama is the acquisition of the various images. To this end, we made a theoretical study to determine the optimal paving of the sphere with rectangular surfaces to minimize the number of zones of recovery. This study enables us to calculate an optimal trajectory of the camera and to limit the number of images necessary to the representation of the scene. We also propose various processing techniques which appreciably improve the rendering of the mosaic image and correct the majority of the defaults related to the assembly of a collection of images which were acquired with differing image capture parameters. A significant part of our work was used to the automatic image registration in real time, i.e. lower than 40ms. The technology that we developed makes it possible to obtain a particularly precise image registration with an computation time about 4ms (AMD1.8MHz). Our research leads directly to two proposed applications for the tracking of moving objects. The first involves the use of a PTZ camera and a spherical mirror. The combination of these two elements makes it possible to detect any motion object in the scene and to then to focus itself on one of them. Within the framework of this application, we propose an automatic algorithm of calibration of the system. The second application exploits only PTZ camera and allows the segmentation and the tracking of the objects in the scene during the movement of the camera. Compared to the traditional applications of motion detection with a PTZ camera, our approach is different by the fact that it compute a precise segmentation of the objects allowing their classification.

O tema de O circo teatro - Um estudo de caso: o Pavilhão Aretuzza é o circo-teatro e tem foco nas atividades do Circo Pavilhão Arethuzza, desde seu surgimento no século XIX, até o encerramento de suas atividades em 1964. A pesquisa aborda um panorama histórico das primeiras manifestações circenses e teatrais em terras brasileiras. Apresenta os fatores responsáveis pela união do circo com o teatro, incluindo a gripe espanhola de 1918, que deram origem ao novo gênero. Enfatiza a entrada do circo para o teatro, observando este momento pelo ângulo espacial e de como o palco, nos moldes italianos, instalou-se debaixo da tenda circense. Investiga a estética teatral circense de quando o espetáculo teatral passou a fazer parte das atrações circenses. Analisa os diversos gêneros desse período, incluindo o melodrama, que caiu no gosto do público. Mostra ainda como as personagens foram divididas em tipos, tomando como base o físico e temperamento dos atores. Cenografia, figurinos, música e ensaios são aspectos detalhados ao longo do trabalho. A tese aprofunda estudos na trajetória e no encontro das famílias Viana, Santoro e Neves, que em pouco tempo se tornaram a companhia mais bem sucedida nas apresentações de circo-teatro, com destaque na qualidade de suas montagens e agindo como difusora da cultura teatral em nosso país. O estudo mostra que o circo-teatro, além de contribuir com uma estética própria, constituiu-se durante muitos anos em um dos mais importantes veículos de difusão da arte teatral em praças não alcançadas pelas companhias convencionais de teatro, radicadas nas grandes cidades. / The theme of this thesis is The drama-circus a case study: the Arethuzza Pavillion and its focus is set on the activities of the Arethuzza Pavillion Circus, since its origin in the nineteenth century until the end of its activities in 1964. This research broaches a historic overview of the first circus and drama manifestations in Brazil. Factors that were the cause for the fusion between circus and drama are introduced, includind the spanish flu in 1918, that gave birth to this new kind of entertainment. We enphasise the entrance of the circus into the drama, taking a look at this moment by the spatial angle and how the drama stage, in the italian style, fits under the circus´s tent. We also investigate the circus and drama aesthetics when the theatre spectacle started to be part of the program of the circus attractions. We study the varied styles of this period, including melodrama, that was promptly accepted by the audiences. This is an opportunity to show how the playing characters were separated in types, taking as reference the actors physical appearance and their moods. Set and costumes design, music and rehearsals are some of the relevant points in this study. The thesis deepens studies on the paths of the families Viana, Santoro and Neves and how they got associated, that make of them, in a very short time, one of the most important companies, because of the good quality of their shows and acting as a theatrical culture diffusion in our country. This study shows the circus-drama, that not only contributed with its own aesthetics, but was, for a long time, one of the most important means of the theatrical art diffusion in places that were not reached by the conventional theatrical companies, placed in the great cities.

Panoramic image Virtual Reality (VR) is a 360 degree image which has been interpreted as a kind of VR that allows users to navigate, view, hear and have remote access to a virtual environment. Panoramic Video VR builds on this, where filming is done in the real world to create a highly dynamic and immersive environment. This is proving to be a very attractive technology and has introduced many possible applications but still present a number of challenges, considered in this research. An initial literature survey identified limitations in panoramic video to date: these were the technology (e.g. filming and stitching) and the design of effective navigation methods. In particular, there is a tendency for users to become disoriented during way-finding. In addition, an effective interface design to embed contextual information is required. The research identified the need to have a controllable test environment in order to evaluate the production of the video and the optimal way of presenting and navigating within the scene. Computer Graphics (CG) simulation scenes were developed to establish a method of capturing, editing and stitching the video under controlled conditions. In addition, a novel navigation method, named the “image channel” was proposed and integrated within this environment. This replaced hotspots: the traditional navigational jumps between locations. Initial user testing indicated that the production was appropriate and did significantly improve user perception of position and orientation over jump-based navigation. The interface design combined with the environment view alone was sufficient for users to understand their location without the need to augment the view with an on screen map. After obtaining optimal methods in building and improving the technology, the research looked for a natural, complex, and dynamic real environment for testing. The web-based virtual zoo (World Association of Zoos and Aquariums) was selected as an ideal production: It had the purpose to allow people to get close to animals in their natural habitat and created particular interest to develop a system for knowledge delivery, raising protection concerns, and entertaining visitors: all key roles of a zoo. The design method established from CG was then used to develop a film rig and production unit for filming a real animal habitat: the Formosan rock monkey in Taiwan. A web-based panoramic video of this was built and tested though user experience testing and expert interviews. The results of this were essentially identical to the testing done in the prototype environment, and validated the production. Also was successfully attracting users to the site repeatedly. The research has contributed to new knowledge in improvement to the production process, improvement to presentation and navigating within panoramic videos through the proposed Image Channel method, and has demonstrated that web-based virtual zoo can be improved to help address considerable pressure on animal extinction and animal habitat degradation that affect humans by using this technology. Further studies were addressed. The research was sponsored by Taiwan’s Government and Twycross Zoo UK was a collaborator.

<p>Detta arbete har gjorts i samarbete med Rikspolisstyrelsen för att ta fram en metod för hur modern medieteknik kan användas för att skapa en ”virtuell brottsplats”. Syftet är att arbetet ska leda till ett förslag till en metod som lämpar sig för att integrera i polisens brottsplatsundersökningar och rättsliga processer, med beaktande av de speciella krav som ställs.</p><p>Arbetet innehåller två huvuddelar där den första delens utgångspunkt är vad som går att göra med utrustning och teknik som redan finns tillgänglig och den andra delen hur det skulle kunna utvecklas vidare. Till första delen har ett förslag på en metod som kan användas för att utnyttja panoramatekniken, tagits fram. Därför har det också genomförts utvärderingar och tester på befintliga programvaror för att utröna vad som passar syftet bäst. För den andra delen togs en egen lösning fram och implementerades i OpenGL/C++. Denna lösning baseras på laserskanningsdata. Resultatet av denna del är inte en färdig metod som kan börja användas direkt utan mer ett exempel på hur panoramatekniken kan användas till något mer än att bara visa hur en plats ser ut. För att knyta samman projektet med verkligheten har båda dessa delar tillämpats på flera riktiga fall.</p><p>En slutsats som kan dras av arbetet är att visualiseringar av denna typ är väldigt användbara och till fördel för utredare och åklagare. Det finns mycket kvar att undersöka men det är ingen tvekan om att den här typen av teknik är användbar för detta syfte.</p>

Detta arbete har gjorts i samarbete med Rikspolisstyrelsen för att ta fram en metod för hur modern medieteknik kan användas för att skapa en ”virtuell brottsplats”. Syftet är att arbetet ska leda till ett förslag till en metod som lämpar sig för att integrera i polisens brottsplatsundersökningar och rättsliga processer, med beaktande av de speciella krav som ställs. Arbetet innehåller två huvuddelar där den första delens utgångspunkt är vad som går att göra med utrustning och teknik som redan finns tillgänglig och den andra delen hur det skulle kunna utvecklas vidare. Till första delen har ett förslag på en metod som kan användas för att utnyttja panoramatekniken, tagits fram. Därför har det också genomförts utvärderingar och tester på befintliga programvaror för att utröna vad som passar syftet bäst. För den andra delen togs en egen lösning fram och implementerades i OpenGL/C++. Denna lösning baseras på laserskanningsdata. Resultatet av denna del är inte en färdig metod som kan börja användas direkt utan mer ett exempel på hur panoramatekniken kan användas till något mer än att bara visa hur en plats ser ut. För att knyta samman projektet med verkligheten har båda dessa delar tillämpats på flera riktiga fall. En slutsats som kan dras av arbetet är att visualiseringar av denna typ är väldigt användbara och till fördel för utredare och åklagare. Det finns mycket kvar att undersöka men det är ingen tvekan om att den här typen av teknik är användbar för detta syfte.

Syftet med detta arbete är att skapa en applikation som ska hjälpa och gynna Sunnerbogymnasiet när det gäller att locka till sig elever som går på högstadiet. För att göra detta har gruppen använt sig av bland annat VR (Virtual Reality) och Panorama som metoder till att göra applikationen attraktiv för målgruppen. För att få fram vad som kan locka elever till att använda applikationen utfördes enkätundersökningar på målgruppen som är elever i årskurs 8-9. Genom undersökningarna fick gruppen fram vad för information applikationen bör innehålla för att locka till sig elever. Med hjälp utav intervjuerna som utfördes på elever som går på Sunnerbogymnasiet, framkom det vilka platser som eleverna ansåg vara populärast på skolan. På dessa platser togs det bilder som sedan gjordes om till panorama filmer. Det finns en introduktionsdel där gruppen har visualiserat Sunnerbogymnasiets entré. Tanken bakom det är att elever ska känna igen sig när de besöker skolan. Resultatet blev en kompletterande applikation med en introduktionsfilm i 3D som föreställer skolans entré. För att visa upp populära platser på skolan finns det panorama filmer på dessa platser.

Automated panorama sequence detection in the imagestream from the Narrative Clip. This is done by using sensor data from the Narrative Clip.

A conservação do patrimônio urbano encontra, nesta tese, aspectos de sua gênese legal na Itália. Abordam-se, em diálogo com a historiografia dedicada à obra de Gustavo Giovanonni, as importantes contribuições desse influente engenheiro para a introdução do conceito de \"ambiente\" nas leis de proteção do patrimônio cultural desse país no período entreguerras, inclusive aquelas voltadas para as chamadas \"belezas naturais e panorâmicas\". Com a interpretação de ideias e expressões utilizadas por Giovannoni, como \"ambiente do monumento\", \"ambiente tradicional dos lugares\" e \"complexo de coisas imóveis que compõem um característico aspecto com valor estético e tradicional\", evidencia-se ter sido ele um agente central à ampliação da tutela no seu país, para além daquela voltada ao \"monumento\" isolado, assim como para a introdução, na legislação, de instrumentos importantes para o campo da conservação urbana, como a figura do \"plano\". Nesse processo, identifica-se grande coerência entre a atuação do Giovannoni consultor ministerial e a do Giovannoni idealizador de leis, assim como entre o Giovannoni prático e o teórico, em campos imbricados como aqueles que hoje seriam definidos como do desenho urbano, do planejamento urbano e da conservação urbana. Intenta-se empreender uma abordagem historiográfica que contemple esse personagem, respeitando a complexidade de sua atuação. / The conservation of urban heritage finds, in this thesis, aspects of its legal genesis in Italy. Through dialogue with the historiography dedicated to the work of Gustavo Giovanonni, the thesis touches on the important contributions this influential engineer had on the introduction of the idea of \"ambiente\" in laws protecting cultural heritage in the country in the period between the first and second world wars, including those concerning so-called \"natural and panoramic beauties\". Through the interpretation of ideas and expressions used by Giovannoni, such as \"ambiente of monuments\", \"traditional ambiente of sites\" and \"the complex of immovable objects which form an appearance of aesthetic and traditional value\", we can see clearly that he was a key figure in widening the scope of protection laws in his country, taking it beyond that concerning isolated monuments as well as introducing legislation concerning important measures to be used in the area of urban conservation such as a master plan. During this process we can identify a great coherence between the work of Giovannoni as ministerial consultant and that of Giovannoni creator of laws, as well as the practical and theoretic Giovannoni in overlapping areas, such as those today defined as urban design, urban planning and urban conservation. The intention of this work is to use a historiographical approach which contemplates this man whilst respecting the complexity of his work.

A conservação do patrimônio urbano encontra, nesta tese, aspectos de sua gênese legal na Itália. Abordam-se, em diálogo com a historiografia dedicada à obra de Gustavo Giovanonni, as importantes contribuições desse influente engenheiro para a introdução do conceito de \"ambiente\" nas leis de proteção do patrimônio cultural desse país no período entreguerras, inclusive aquelas voltadas para as chamadas \"belezas naturais e panorâmicas\". Com a interpretação de ideias e expressões utilizadas por Giovannoni, como \"ambiente do monumento\", \"ambiente tradicional dos lugares\" e \"complexo de coisas imóveis que compõem um característico aspecto com valor estético e tradicional\", evidencia-se ter sido ele um agente central à ampliação da tutela no seu país, para além daquela voltada ao \"monumento\" isolado, assim como para a introdução, na legislação, de instrumentos importantes para o campo da conservação urbana, como a figura do \"plano\". Nesse processo, identifica-se grande coerência entre a atuação do Giovannoni consultor ministerial e a do Giovannoni idealizador de leis, assim como entre o Giovannoni prático e o teórico, em campos imbricados como aqueles que hoje seriam definidos como do desenho urbano, do planejamento urbano e da conservação urbana. Intenta-se empreender uma abordagem historiográfica que contemple esse personagem, respeitando a complexidade de sua atuação. / The conservation of urban heritage finds, in this thesis, aspects of its legal genesis in Italy. Through dialogue with the historiography dedicated to the work of Gustavo Giovanonni, the thesis touches on the important contributions this influential engineer had on the introduction of the idea of \"ambiente\" in laws protecting cultural heritage in the country in the period between the first and second world wars, including those concerning so-called \"natural and panoramic beauties\". Through the interpretation of ideas and expressions used by Giovannoni, such as \"ambiente of monuments\", \"traditional ambiente of sites\" and \"the complex of immovable objects which form an appearance of aesthetic and traditional value\", we can see clearly that he was a key figure in widening the scope of protection laws in his country, taking it beyond that concerning isolated monuments as well as introducing legislation concerning important measures to be used in the area of urban conservation such as a master plan. During this process we can identify a great coherence between the work of Giovannoni as ministerial consultant and that of Giovannoni creator of laws, as well as the practical and theoretic Giovannoni in overlapping areas, such as those today defined as urban design, urban planning and urban conservation. The intention of this work is to use a historiographical approach which contemplates this man whilst respecting the complexity of his work.