The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the party system in Ukraine after the Revolution of Dignity. At the beginning of the work, changes in the party system of Ukraine in different time intervals will be analyzed. Subsequently, the work will focus on research into the development and changes in the party system of Ukraine after the Revolution of Dignity. The events of the Revolution of Dignity and, as a result, the complete liquidation of the dominant political party had a huge impact on Ukraine's party system. Following the fall of the Viktor Yanukovych regime and the former president's flight to Russia, the 2004 constitution of Ukraine was renewed. All the highest institutions of state power were restored. The process of reforming the constitutional principles of the organization of power, which concerns its various branches and levels, has begun. The main goal of this work is to identify the changes that have taken place after the Dignity Revolution and to analyze the main factors influencing the development of Ukraine's party system in this and other phases.

Most Sub-Saharan African countries are not yet considered democracies, but it is worth noting that almost all of them are fighting for democracy, and some countries have successfully crossed the threshold of democracy. However, the pace of democratization across the African region is uneven. In some countries it seems that the commitment to democratic norms and practices has deepened, but in other countries, whether it is the political elite or the general public, this commitment has proved to be weak. Although citizens now have greater opportunities to participate in the political process than before, in some countries only one party remains in power and there is no peaceful and successful transfer of power to the opposition. In this research I intend to find answers to the following question: Why are the levels of democratic development among these African countries in the Sub-Saharan region very different, even though their democratic transitions take place almost simultaneously. The three main approaches that explain democratization - modernization, social capital, and party systems are tested by empirically analyzing data related to political development among countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The results of the analysis indicate that social capital (trust) is most important for democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa, which may be due to the fact that the party system (including the proportion of women, etc.) has not yet stabilized in many places and therefore can not be a "decisive" factor. The lack of suitable and alternative operationalisations in the form of the lack of valid values regarding party system variables has also affected the result for this particular theoretical area. There was a connection between modernization factors and democracy in the bivariate analyzes, but the corruption index / social trust had a much stronger connection in the multivariate analyzes.

Orientador: Maria Teresa Miceli Kerbauy / Resumo: Situada na costa ocidental da África, a Guiné-Bissau entra na onda democrática a partir de 1994, com a realização da primeira eleição livre e transparente após mais de 20 anos sob a governança de um partido único. Com a democracia em curso, a Guiné-Bissau conheceu vários períodos de instabilidade política governativa que impossibilitou o término dos mandatos ou legislaturas. De outro lado, a instabilidade inviabilizou a realização de objetivos de desenvolvimento e redução de pobreza. Nesse contexto político e social marcado por disputas políticas, a participação, seja em canais de decisão ou do ponto de vista de comparecimento às votações tendem a ser prejudicadas. É, nesse sentido, que o objetivo deste estudo é analisar o comportamento da participação eleitoral no período de 1994, com a realização da primeira eleição geral, a de 2014. De modo que o foco principal da análise está centrado nas eleições para o cargo de Presidente da República e para o Legislativo. Esse objetivo justifica-se pela importância do fenômeno da participação eleitoral, dentro da jovem democracia guineense, para a consolidação de um sistema representativo multipartidário. Para consecução do objetivo foram adotadas referências teóricas sobre democracia representativa e neoinstitucionalismo, sistemas partidários e eleitorais. Por ser importante o período da transição política guineense, o estudo enfatiza o contexto político e econômico que marcou essa transição e apresenta as tipologias do sistema eleito... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Located on the West African coast, Guinea-Bissau has entered the democratic wave since 1994 (20th century) with the first free and transparent election after more than 20 years under single-party governance. With underway democracy, Guinea-Bissau experienced several periods of governmental political instability that made impossible the end of several mandates or legislatures. On the other hand, instability made it impossible the achievement of the development goals and poverty reduction. In this political and social context marked by political dispute, the participation, whether in decision-making channels or in terms of attendance tends to be harmed. It is in this sense that the main goal of this study is to analyze the electoral participation behavior in the 1994 period with the first election in 2014. The main focus of the analysis centers in the elections for the office for the Presidency of the Republic and for the Legislative positions. This goal is due to: the importance of the electoral partition phenomenon within the young Guinean democracy in the consolidation of the multiparty representative system. In order to achieve the objective of the study, theoretical references on representative democracy and neo-institutionalism, party and electoral systems were adopted. Due to the importance of the period of the Guinean political transition, the study emphasizes the political and economic contexts that marked the transition and presents the typologies of the electoral sys... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

How can party system design contribute to managing ethnic relations? This thesis investigatesthe relationship between party system design and the type of nation-building efforts pursuedin a country. More specifically, whether a country allows ethnicity to be a source of politicalmobilization or not and how that relates to nation-building policies having an assimilating ora multicultural character. Departing from the debate between the integrative approach and theconsociational approach, theories of institutional design, the thesis theorizes that countriesbanning ethnic political parties are pursuing civic nationalism and should therefore havenation-building policies with an assimilating character. On the other hand, it theorizes thatcountries that do not restrict parties to form on ethnic basis will have multiculturalnation-building policies, striving for a multicultural nationalism. Using a ‘most similarsystems design’ the study investigates the nation-building policies in Kenya and Nigeria, twosimilar countries with different party system designs. It mainly investigates education policiesto look for indicators of assimilating and multicultural nation-building. Taken together, theresults show that national unity and integration is an overarching goal which overridescultural recognition in both cases. The correlation between party system design and type ofnation-building policies show to be weak since the two countries have very similar policies.However, some nuances in means to achieve national unity are found.

The aim of my thesis is to assess a relevant facts for better explanation of the shift which happened in electoral cooperation between National party (Old Czechs) and National liberal party (Young Czechs) during 1891-1907. It observes the cooperative policy of the leaders of Old Czechs, who were obliged to react to the structural changes of Czech party system, which took place in Bohemia at the turn of the century. This explanation is being done with regard to organizational and ideological patterns of National party.

This thesis seeks to analyse small parties within the Czech party system with the focus on the period of 1996 - 2010. The Attention is paid to those small parties that succeeded in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies. A theoretical framework of the small parties is presented in the first chapter. It is also necessary to outline a development of the small parties before the examined era (i.e. 1989-1996). There is a need to ask whether the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia could be seen as a small party or not. The main part of the work concentrates on years following the election in 1996 till last one in 2010 because it is recognised that circa since that time the Czech party system has begun to stabilise. It is structured in a chronological order from one election to another. Here 3 aspects that are related to the activities of the small parties, according to the author are studied: 1. results of the parties in elections to the Chamber of Deputies. 2. parties' influence at the time of creating a national government. 3. a position of the parties within a defined election period. In the last chapter the author placed results of one part of his research that was based on interviewing mainly former small parties MPs. The second part (inquiry via e-mail correspondence) is offered in the appendix.

This Master thesis deals with the phenomenon of political movements and their impact on the rising party systems in the Central and Eastern Europe countries. Movements were found in the context of social and geopolitical changes in this region and they represented the original type of political organization that was different from other political parties of Western type. The first part contains an analysis of the general theory of political parties and movements and their role in the process of democratic consolidation and stabilization of party systems. Part of the first ration that categorizes political movements in the context of theories of party families and the chapter containing the characteristics of political movements and rising party systems of selected countries in the region. In the next section follows a study of selected texts of Czech political scientists concerning issues of political movement called Civic Forum (OF), which is used as a theoretical introduction to the chapter analyzing OF. Similar target implements the part examining the ideological roots of the movement and specific anti-political politics in the Czech political system. The second part describes the effect of Civic Forum in the first two stages of the Czech party system development. In this part there is an...

The presented paper deals with a theoretical concept of populism and analysis of political style and politics of one of the most important but also most controversial figures of Italian politics over the past few decades, Silvio Berlusconi. The main objective of this paper is to verify the initial hypothesis that Silvio Berlusconi is a pragmatic contemporary politician whose politics and the political style includes identifiable elements of populism and to answer the question whether Silvio Berlusconi, due to the theories outlined on populism, could be considered as a representative of populism and whether his case meets the definition criteria set out in the theoretical part. A secondary objective is to provide a clear overview of the conceptual aspects of populism and it' s causes and identify these on the case of Italy. The work is divided into three parts. After introduction in a second chapter the theoretical and methodological framework will be defined. With a general focus on the concept of populism we will map the contemporary theoretical knowledge concerning this issue. The paper briefly summarizes the historical development of the populist movement in contemporary Western democracies, clearly and comprehensively summarizes the defining features of the theoretical concept of populism and...

Social conservative values are not a frequently voiced topic among Czech politics, but still, there are few parliamentary parties that claim to be conservative. Conservative thinking is very often interchanged with right-wing affiliation, which can lead to ambiguous identification of political subjects. The thesis concentrates on Social conservatism that is placed outside right wing-left wing definition of political parties and tries to analyse its specifics and roots. Social conservatism promotes ethical issues connected with Christian morals. This study analyses these issues and attempts to evaluate their relevance within the Czech society and party system. From the analysis of Social conservative values and individual conservative parties and movements it is clear that Social conservatism does not belong among essential topics for Czech society and politics, even though this way of thinking is still present. The main representative of Social conservatism is parliamentary party KDU- ČSL, which, nevertheless, given to the degree of liberalisation in the Czech society, still enforces the Social conservative values with great care. There are also radical, religiously fundamental voices present, these are, however, not given much space. Declared Social conservatism of some Czech political parties thus more...

Social conservative values are not a frequently voiced topic among Czech politics, but still, there are few parliamentary parties that claim to be conservative. Conservative thinking is very often interchanged with right-wing affiliation, which can lead to ambiguous identification of political subjects. The thesis concentrates on Social conservatism that is placed outside right wing-left wing definition of political parties and tries to analyse its specifics and roots. Social conservatism promotes ethical issues connected with Christian morals. This study analyses these issues and attempts to evaluate their relevance within the Czech society and party system. From the analysis of Social conservative values and individual conservative parties and movements it is clear that Social conservatism does not belong among essential topics for Czech society and politics, even though this way of thinking is still present. The main representative of Social conservatism is parliamentary party KDU- ČSL, which, nevertheless, given to the degree of liberalisation in the Czech society, still enforces the Social conservative values with great care. There are also radical, religiously fundamental voices present, these are, however, not given much space. Declared Social conservatism of some Czech political parties...