The purpose of this study was to investigate whether elderly clients in an acute care setting perceived themselves as being treated with dignity and respect, and whether clients with a higher socioeconomic status are more likely than clients with a lower socioeconomic status to be treated with dignity and respect. Sixty-two elderly clients who had been in hospital at least five days, were alert and oriented during their hospitalization, and could speak English were selected for the study. Using a convenience sampling technique, the clients were selected from medical and surgical units of two major teaching hospitals. They were interviewed within three days after discharge to respond to items on a questionnaire selected from the Medicus Quality Assurance Tool. The results of the study show that elderly clients may not perceive that they are consistently treated with dignity and respect. Older clients (75+ years) are less likely than younger older clients (65-74) to be treated with dignity and respect, and elderly clients with a lower socioeconomic status and women, are less likely to be treated with dignity and respect. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate

M.Cur. (Intensive General Nursing Science) / "Patient experiences in a critical contextual, qualitative research phenomenological method to obtain and objectives of the study are: care unit" is a study using the analyse data. The - to establish and describe how myocardial infarction patients experience the critical care unit (CeU) environment, and - to propose guidelines for optimal nursing care. The Nursing for the Whole Person Theory forms the paradigmatic framework of the study. The central proposition states that the myocardial infarction patient's experience of the CCU as his external environment, will have direct impact upon his quest for health. Five participants were interviewed. The interviews were coded by the researcher and an independent nursing specialist, using the Kerlinger method of content analysis. The findings were compared to relevant available literature. Data obtained revealed that certain aspects of the CCU environment generate anxiety and therefore impede the quest for health in myocardial infarction patients! Guidelines for optimal nursing care of myocardial infarction patients were proposed.

Behavior analysts who study verbal behavior theorize that people derive relationships between stimuli - forming stimulus classes such that psychological functions transfer among stimuli and therefore affect behavior. Verbal processes are thought to play a role in cancer patients' behavioral flexibility. The current study examined if an analogue intervention produced changes in relations between health-relevant stimuli from pre- to post-test in patient and student samples. A matching-to-sample (MTS) task required participants to form three 4-member classes that included health, treatment, or neutral terms. Participants next listened to either an acceptance-based or a control-based rationale and therapy exercise, or a distracter task. Then, they were re-exposed to the MTS task. Latencies and accuracies for learning each class as well as between condition differences were examined. Finally, changes in ratings of stimuli from pre to post analogues were measured. Differences in stimuli ratings were seen in the student sample, reflecting transfer of function and some reduction in responsiveness to stimuli following intervention, but overall no learning performances are found. Discussion explores the consistency of the findings with acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) theory in light of the seemingly lack of findings.

Do atendimento a cardiopatas internados, criou-se a categoria vivência de perdas, desencadeada por evento(s) significativo(s) que implica no processo do luto. Segundo Freud (1916), o luto é um trabalho psíquico que requer um tempo para elaboração da perda e de transformação da realidade psíquica, desestruturada pela falta do objeto perdido. Entende-se que o luto é o correlato psicodinâmico da reação manifesta de depressão. Com estes fundamentos, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo geral: investigar vivência de perdas, estados de luto e de depressão. Foram avaliados 44 pacientes com os diagnósticos médicos de infarto agudo do miocárdio e angina, de 33 a 65 anos, 50% mulheres e 50% homens. Utilizados três instrumentos: entrevista semi-estruturada, para avaliação do luto; Inventário de Depressão de Beck, para depressão; Escala de Avaliação e Reajustamento Social de Holmes e Rahe, que avalia porcentagem de probabilidade de apresentar problemas de saúde. Os resultados foram relacionados através do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versão 11.0. Apresenta estado de luto 65,9%, sendo significativas as relações entre: luto e depressão (p<0,05); luto e gênero (p=0,000); presente em 90,9% das mulheres; depressão e gênero (p<0,05). Os eventos significativos relatados com maior freqüência foram: morte de familiares, 47% ou de pessoa próxima, 13%. Também é significativa a relação estatística entre luto e quantidade de mortes relatadas por participante como evento significativo (p<0,05). Sugere vivência de perdas como indicativo de risco psicológico para doença arterial coronariana, apontando para a associação entre luto e depressão / Since the attendance of hospitalized cardiac patients was created the category experience of losses caused by significative(s) event(s) that implicated in the mourning process. According to Freud (1916), mourning is a psychic process that requires time for the loss elaboration and changing of the psychic reality, shaped by the lost object missing. Mourning is understood as a psychodynamic correlation of the manifested depression reaction. On this basis, this research aimed: investigate experience of losses, mourning and depression. 44 patients with medical diagnosis of severe heart attack and angina were evaluated, from 33 to 65 years old, 50% women and 50 % men. Three instruments were used: semi-structured interview for mourning evaluation; Beck Depression Inventory, for depression; Holmes and Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale, which evaluates the probability of presenting health problems. The results were treated by the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 11.0 . 65,9% presented state of mourning and the association between : mourning and depression were significative (p<0,05); mourning and gender (p=0,000), presented in 90,9% of the women; depression and gender (p<0,05). The significative events more frequently reported were: death of a relative 47%, or closer person 13%. It is also significative the statistical relation between mourning and deaths related by the participants as significative event (p<0,05). Experience of losses is suggested as indicative of psychological risk for coronary artery disease, highlighting the association with mourning and depression

COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States and is the sixth leading cause of death for low-to middle income countries (Downs & Appel, 2006; GOLD, 2011). COPD is a largely preventable disease due to the lifestyle factors that heavily contribute to disease onset and severity. Although traditionally COPD research has focused on health outcomes related to risk factors, compliance, comorbid psychological and physical conditions, and treatment interventions, a growing body of research suggests religious and spiritual factors may play an equally important role in health outcomes for several medical conditions, including pulmonary disease. However, studies of this kind have not specifically examined COPD nor have they examined the role of religious and spiritual beliefs in COPD management among ethnic minority patients. As such, the current study aimed to examine whether spiritual ethnic minority patients with COPD hold religious fatalistic attitudes and less active religious problem solving . A sample of 35 ethnic minority patients from the Louis. B. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center (LSCVAMC) Outpatient Pulmonary Clinic in Cleveland, OH. were recruited to participate in the study. Due to the acknowledgeable limitations of the present study, results are preliminary but convey associations between religious health fatalistic beliefs and religious problem solving approaches. Implications and areas of future study are discussed.

No description available.

Both popular clinical folklore and the findings of empirical research have suggested a relationship between cognitive rigidity and suicidal behavior. Specifically, it has been hypothesized that individuals deficient in the capacity for flexible thought become increasingly hopelessness and suicidal in the face of high levels of environmental stress. That is, these persons are thought to be cognitively unprepared to deal with negative life events. The present study sought to evaluate this model with hospitalized psychiatric patients placed on suicidal precautions status by hospital staff. Suicidal and non-suicidal control subjects completed measures of life stress, depression, cognitive rigidity, hopelessness, and suicidal intent. In addition, these subject also completed two measures of interpersonal problem-solving. Suicidal subjects were found to report higher levels of negative life stress in the previous year than members of the control group. Suicidal subjects were also significantly more cognitively rigid and the rigidity appears to have been reflected in their performance on the interpersonal problem-solving measures. Overall, suicidal subjects were observed to be poorer problem-solvers than the non-suicidal control group members on both measures of interpersonal problem-solving skills. More specific analyses showed that these subjects were not able to generate as many potential solutions to interpersonal problems from their own lives and when asked to evaluate these solutions, the suicidal subjects tended to rate them more negatively than did the control subjects. Suicidal subjects were also less likely than control subjects to employ these alternatives when subsequently attempting to solve the presented problem. Additionally, the suicidal subjects tended more often to implement irrelevant solutions. Although the suicidal subjects were significantly more hopeless than the non-suicidal subjects, it appears that this variable contributed independently to the level of suicide intent, rather than resulting from cognitive rigidity and interpersonal problem-solving deficits. Results are interpreted as supporting Beck's (1979) viewpoint that both deficits in problem-solving skills and hopelessness need to be addressed in the treatment of suicidal patients. / Ph. D.

徐文艷. / Thesis (doctoral)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 259-278). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Xu Wenyan.

This quasi-experimental study investigates neuropsychological functioning differences between 63 active duty soldiers who were placed into three groups (MTBI, PTSD, control) to provide better information for differentiating PTSD and MTBI. The ANAM and MicroCog were utilized to measure psychomotor speed, memory, and attention. Participants with PTSD performed worse on most measures of psychomotor speed and attention, and endorsed more symptoms of depression and anxiety when compared to MTBI and control participants. Further, attention appears to be the best cognitive domain for differentiating PTSD from MTBI, whereas memory variables did not differentiate these groups. Clinical and research implications of these findings are discussed.

published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy