L’oeuvre de Wieslaw Mysliwski, auteur connu et primé de la littérature contemporaine polonaise, tire ses racines de la culture paysanne traditionnelle. La clef anthropologique d’analyse de cette oeuvre semble être la plus efficace pour présenter les contenus et la mécanique de cette culture. Même si elle est encore proche dans le temps cette culture n’en est pas moins éloignée des enjeux de la modernité d’un Polonais du XXIème siècle.La mémoire collective du monde paysan suscite un vrai questionnement quant à ses voies, son exercice et ses contenus. Elle se niche dans trois couches de l’activité humaine : biologique, sociale et culturelle. L’analyse éthologique montre que la mémoire du monde paysan se révèle dans le rapport de l’homme aux animaux et dans le conditionnement de l’homme par ses gènes - lien indestructible entre les humains. L’approche sociologique révèle la stéréotypie des comportements humains dans l’interaction sociale, ce qui contribue au caractère universel des écrits de Wieslaw Mysliwski. Le monde paysan traditionnel y est magnifié par la façon dont est présenté l’imaginaire de la campagne polonaise. La pensée mythique donne structure et dynamique à sa configuration. L’oeuvre de Wieslaw Mysliwski illustre le passage de la société traditionnelle communautaire vers la société moderne individualiste. Son originalité consiste en la découverte d’un processus : les personnages de Wieslaw Mysliwski, après être passés par la société moderne, retournent à leur source paysanne pour s’y reconstituer en tant qu’individus qui arrivent à synthétiser en eux les valeurs traditionnelles et modernes. L’oeuvre de Wieslaw Mysliwski est un monument de mémoire de la campagne polonaise, dans le sens où elle est une proposition féconde des moyens de préservation et de fonctionnement de cette culture par sa dynamique créatrice propre. / Literary art of Wieslaw Mysliwski, a famous prize-winning contemporary Polish author, is deepely rooted inthe Polish peasant culture and its ancient traditions. Taking that fact into account, an anthropological approachof textual analysis is probably the one which can present the contents of this culture and explain its functioningmost clearly. Though close in time, for it's nearly our contemporary, peasant culture is, at the same time, faraway because of the gap between its values and those modern Polish men and women look up to. The moststriking element of the peasant culture is its collective memory, a puzzling phenomenon as to its ways, itscontents and its workings, operating in three layers, each delving deeper into human nature: the cultural stratus,the social one and, finally, the organic core which is the deepest of them all. The ethological approach revealsthe fact that the collective memory is linked to the way men treat animals and the way genetic heritage, thatlink one cannot destroy, frames their behaviour. As for the sociological approach, the latter deals with theexamples of stock behaviour in social interaction. That gives a universal dimension to Wieslaw Mysliwski'swriting. His craftsmanship consists in magnifying the traditional rural world by the way he depicts its capacityof generating transcendence. Mythical thinking gives structure and dynamics to its layout. WieslawMysliwski's writing deals with the transition from the traditional society, defined by the tight group links, tothe modern individualistic one. His originality resides in discovering that in order to become a person in hisown right, an individual needs both modernity and tradition. Thus, the characters Mysliwski portraits alwaysreturn to the peasant traditions to resource themselves. Wieslaw Mysliwski's literary art can be regarded as atribute to the Polish peasant culture as it reveals its capacity of constant rebirth. It is a sanctuary dedicated tothe memory of the Polish rural world.

Education has a key role in the formation of the human role, aimed at preparing participants and being committed to the transformation of society. It is even more true for the educator guide students to understanding, appreciation and positive action on the space - environmental context in which they live, identifying their problems and engaging in search of effective and sustainable solutions for the same, which is of specificity with regard to education in rural areas. In this context, environmental education needs to ally itself to the various areas of human knowledge and recognition of empirical knowledge in order to promote understanding, not disfigure the peasant culture. Based on these considerations , the proposed study has the objective : Understanding the perceptions of students of 4th and 5th years of E. M. San Francisco in relation to the environment in which they live and the interrelationship with the knowledge built in this school , and specific objectives : - To characterize the specifics of working with environmental education in school ; - Investigate the perceptions of students about the environment in which live ; - Develop and evaluate an experiment in environmental education that strives to articulate the reality of Geography settlement . The prime methodology was participatory research, obtaining necessary information by conducting activities with the students, which were analyzed with the theoretical framework, linking theory and practice. Completing the importance of educators know the reality where the student is inserted , in your community , working with the social context , their relationships and interactions in society , making the most significant education. / A educação possui um papel fundamental para a formação do ser humano, visando à preparação de seres participantes e comprometidos com a transformação da sociedade. Faz-se ainda mais premente para o educador orientar os alunos para a compreensão, valorização e atuação positiva sobre o contexto espaço-ambiental em que vivem, identificando suas problemáticas e engajando-se na busca de soluções efetivas e sustentáveis para as mesmas, o que se reveste de especificidade no tocante à educação em meio rural. Neste contexto, a educação ambiental precisa aliar-se às diversas áreas do conhecimento humano e ao reconhecimento dos saberes empíricos, a fim de promover a compreensão, sem descaracterizar a cultura campesina. Com base nessas considerações, a presente proposta de estudo tem por objetivo geral: Compreender a percepção dos educandos do 4º e 5º anos da E. M. São Francisco em relação ao meio em que estão inseridos e a inter-relação com os conhecimentos construídos na referida escola; e como objetivos específicos: - Caracterizar as especificidades do trabalho com educação ambiental na escola; - Investigar as percepções dos educandos sobre o meio em que vivem; - Desenvolver e avaliar uma experiência em Educação Ambiental que busca articular a Geografia à realidade do assentamento. A metodologia privilegiada foi a pesquisa participante, obtendo informações necessárias através da realização de atividades com os alunos, que foram analisadas com o referencial teórico, relacionando a teoria e a prática. Concluindo a importância de o educador conhecer a realidade onde o aluno está inserido, na sua comunidade, trabalhar com o contexto social, suas relações e interações na sociedade, tornando o ensino mais significativo.