AIM/PURPOSE: To investigate the correlation between the histopathology of periapical lesion of endodontic origin and the radiographic findings of the maxillary sinus observed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective record review study, data collected of patients received surgical root canal treatment at Boston University school of dental medicine. Total of 39 periapical lesions all had CBCT scans and pathology reports. Each periapical lesion was biopsied and examined by oral & maxillofacial pathologist. CBCT scans for each lesion were examined by two examiners: endodontic resident and board-certified endodontic faculty. RESULTS: 65% of the lesions associated with changes in the maxillary sinus and 35% had no changes as seen on the CBCT scans. 82% of the lesions were granulomas 15.5% were cysts and 2.5% OKC. Out of the 65% (26 lesions) maxillary sinus changes were 50% (13) were periapical mucositis (PAM) & 50% (13) were periapical osteoperiostitis (PAO). CONCLUSION: Histopathology of the periapical lesion didn’t have an effect on the type of changes observed in the sinus. And the closer the lesion was to the sinus the more chances of developing changes in the sinus.

Pre-surgical planning for endodontic microsurgery is facilitated by the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The purpose of this study was to determine whether limited field CBCT accurately predicts buccal cortical plate perforations due to endodontic lesions. Thirty-five roots that underwent microsurgical root end resection were included in this study. Prior to the surgery, 90 voxel CBCTs were taken with a Carestream 9300. The scans were analyzed by an endodontic resident and oral radiologist to determine the presence of a perforation in the buccal plate. These findings were compared to the clinical appearance of the bone. There was a significant relationship between a judgment of perforation made on the basis of CBCT and actual perforation as observed clinically. The CBCT prediction was accurate 83% of the time. A predicted perforation was validated in 88% of the instances and a predicted non-perforation was validated in 75% of the instances.

Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-23T18:34:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-luciano-sec.pdf: 1411311 bytes, checksum: 683e953cb766c31b8aeb9633635ca645 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-08T11:40:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-luciano-sec.pdf: 1411311 bytes, checksum: 683e953cb766c31b8aeb9633635ca645 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-08T11:40:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-luciano-sec.pdf: 1411311 bytes, checksum: 683e953cb766c31b8aeb9633635ca645 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Os Granulomas Dentários e Cistos Radiculares representam lesões periapicais crônicas que, frequentemente, acometem os ossos maxilares. As Células de Langerhans são células dendríticas, responsáveis pela apresentação de antígenos aos Linfócitos T, que desempenham importante função nos tecidos epiteliais, bem como na patogênese das lesões periapicais. O presente estudo analisou a expressão das Células de Langerhans, através da técnica imuno-histoquímica para o marcador CD1a em 18 casos de Granuloma Dentário (GD) e 26 casos de Cisto Radicular (CR). Essas células dendríticas foram observadas em 11,1% dos Granulomas Dentários e em 69,2% dos Cistos Radiculares, mostrando correlação estatisticamente significante (p-valor=0,000. Teste de Fisher). Nos Cistos Radiculares, as CLs exibiram tanto a forma arredondada quanto a dendrítica, em todas as camadas epiteliais. Já nos Granulomas Dentários, as CLs foram vistas apenas no tecido de granulação com densidade discreta de marcação. Apesar de termos encontrado uma correlação entre densidade de marcação e espessura de epitélio, bem como entre imunomarcação e intensidade inflamatória, não foi observada representatividade estatística entre essas correlações. Dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que as Células de Langerhans parecem influenciar na imunopatogênese das lesões periapicais aqui estudadas, principalmente nos Cistos Radiculares. / Salvador

Orientador: Alexandre Augusto Zaia / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-22T13:31:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Teixeira_FabricioBatista_M.pdf: 5338811 bytes, checksum: 4a7d11fd525333cb48dd3e76a64e5066 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997 / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar comparativamente as lesões periapicais em ratos normais, xerostômicos exerostômicos imunossuprimidos; através da análise radiográfica e histológica. A xerostomia foi provocada através da extirpação cirúrgica das glândulas salivares maiores bilateralmente. Quinze dias após ao ato cirúrgico, os animais do grupo de ratos xerostômicos-imunossuprimidos começaram a receber, através de injeção sub-cutânea diária, o agente imunossupressor, ciclosporina A (SANDIMUN). Após uma semana de imunossupressão todos os animais tiveram as polpas dos primeiros molares inferiores direitos expostas ao meio bucal. Foram sacrificados cinco animais de cada grupo após o período de 7, 14,21 e 28 dias de exposição pulpar. As mandíbulas foram removidas e radiografadas; e logo após, fixadas e descalcificadas. A análise radiográfica foi mensurada em programa Globallab e os resultados não mostraram discrepância entre os grupos estudados. A análise histométrica dos cortes histológicos foi realizada também em computador através do mesmo programa, medindo a extensão horizontal e vertical da lesão. Os resultados mostraram também que não houve diferença: significante entre os grupos analisados. As alterações provocadas nos animais experimentais, xerostomia exerostomia associada a imunossupressão, não foram capazes de provocar mudanças nas lesões periapicais em relação ao grupo controle / Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate and to compare radiographically and histologically the development of periapical lesions in the left lower first. Molar of normal, sialoadenectomized and sialoadenectomized-immunossupressived rats. Sixty Wistar rats, male, weighing from 170 to 200 gr were utilized. The animais were divided equally in three groups: group A - 20 control, group B - 20 sialoadenectomized; and group C-20 sialoadenectomized immunossupressived. The groups B and C were sialoadenectomized according to modified CHEYNE technique (1939). After two weeks, the group C was submited to a immunossupression regimen by daily subcutaneous ciclosporine A injection (SANDIMUN.10 mg/Kg body weight). After a week of the immunossupresion of this group, the pulps of all the animais (group A, B and C) were exposed to the oral cavity. Five animals of each group were killed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the exposure. Their mandibles were removed surgically and a radiographic analisys was made. The measurement of the lesions was made by Globallab software. After this analisys, the specimens were descalcificed in EDTA and sectioned sagitally at a thickness of 7 'mu'm and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The measurement of the lesions was made by Global lab software too. The results showed an enhanced growth of the lesions during the period, however none significant difference was observed between the groups. It was conclued that the changes in the oral flora due the xerostomia, associated or not to the immunossupresion, didn't disrupt the development of the periapical lesions in rats / Mestrado / Endodontia / Mestre em Clínica Odontológica

Magister Chirurgiae Dentium - MChD / When faced with a failing or failed root treatment, the dentist must decide whether the tooth can be retreated and saved or extracted. The dentist's decision to retreat is often based on the x-ray presenting a failing root treatment. The dentist must be aware that there might be a number of factors that have contributed to the failure and which may preclude, following retreatment, a successful long term clinical function. The current study has been made to determine those factors that may influence the prognosis in order to assist the clinician in advising the patient of the best course of treatment. A literature review was made to determine and identify these factors and explain their relevance and influence on the healing process. The current study included identifying the factors described in the literature review and noting their influence on the prognosis following non-surgical retreatment. Retreatment of failed root treated teeth requires special knowledge and skill from the clinician in order to correct and manage the case. The current study was made in a clinical setting and compared results of retreatment with two types of rotary files on the market: progressive or variable taper (Pro Taper) with constant non-ISO 06 taper (K3). Clinical signs and symptoms were noted at the patient's presentation and following recalls at 1, 4 months and 1 year. The results were recorded and statistically analysed and the results were discussed. The results showed that out of 81 patients 10cases of retreatment were considered to have failed and 68 cases were considered to have been successful. Three patients did not return for their assessments and were therefore not considered in further results. There was a statistically significant (p<0.1 0) recording of deep periodontal pockets associated with teeth with failing root treatments (40%) and (13%) in the "Success" group. The two estimated proportions of "Sinus" present (60%) in the "Failure" group and 10% in the 'Success' group were significantly different (p<0.01). "Sinus present" in the "Success group" means in the initial clinical assessment before retreatment was initiated. The presence of a sinus at the One Year follow up signified a failure of the root retreatment (p<0.001). The two estimated proportions of "Occlusion" present (80% and 99%) in the "Failure" and "Success" group were significantly different (p<0.05). Therefore, teeth in "occlusion" were more within the "Success" group. 70% of those teeth that failed had pretreatment apical rarefactions of greater than 6mm diameter; whereas 76.5% of successful retreatments had areas less than 6mm diameter. The differences were significant according to Fisher's Exact Test (p<0.01). 44% of failed cases had areas of rarefaction described as "diffuse"; and 56% of failed cases had areas that were described as "well-defined". 95% of cases that were successful had areas described as "diffuse" and the rest were "welldefined". The differences between the success and failure categories were statistically significant (p<0.0 1). The two estimated proportions of "Post present" (0% and 31%) in the "Failure" and "Success" groups were significantly different (p<0.1 0). Therefore, the "Post was present" in many more cases within the "Success" group than in the "Failure" group. There was no difference between the Median "Crown/Root" ratios of the "Failure" (Median = 0.595) or "Success" groups (Median = 0.662) (Wilcoxon Test, p>O.10). Teeth with longer roots tend to lead to failure, however there was a considerable overlap between the distributions. Therefore the finding is that the Median length of the roots of the "Failures" is longer than that of the "Successes". (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, p-value = 0.0628). The results also indicated that previous short root filling preparation contributes to the final success of retreatment (Fisher Exact Test, p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the distribution of the "Failure" and "Success" (88.2%) groups (Fisher Exact Test, p<O.OI) in those cases with initial short obturated fillings. When comparing the outcome following the use of the two types of rotary files it was found that the "Successes" with K3 File (35 out of 41) was 85%; and with Protaper File (32 out of 36) 89%. The "Success" rate certainly was not different between the two file types. The conclusions drawn from the current study was not significantly different from those in the literature review and the overall results were of a similar nature with some minor changes. However it is clear that non-surgical root retreatment offers a good prognosis and should be included as an option for failed or failing root treatment.