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Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Also available in print.

Valacyclovir is an oral antiviral agent being used more frequently than acyclovir because of the ease of administration and efficacy. Serious neuropsychiatric side effects have been demonstrated with the use of valacyclovir in renal failure patients. We report a case of valacyclovir neurotoxicity to emphasis the importance of dose adjustment in patients with chronic kidney disease and on dialysis.

Objective: Several studies have demonstrated that end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis are at higher risk for cerebrovascular events, especially those on hemodialysis. However, the risk of stroke in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) compared to those on hemodialysis (HD) remains unclear. We performed this meta-analysis to assess the risks of stroke in ESRD patients on PD compared to HD. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane databases from inception through January 2018 to identify studies that evaluated the risks of stroke (all types of stroke, ischemic stroke or hemorrhagic stroke) in ESRD patients on different dialysis modalities. Effect estimates from the individual study were extracted and combined using random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. Results: Fifteen cohort studies with a total of 1 289 572 ESRD patients (over 1 140 942 on HD and 122 534 on PD) were enrolled. Compared with HD, PD was associated with a significantly decreased risk of hemorrhagic stroke with pooled OR of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76-0.92). However, there were no differences in risks of all types of stroke or ischemic stroke in those on PD compared to HD with pooled ORs of 1.06 (95% CI: 0.91-1.22) and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.80-1.18,), respectively. Conclusions: PD status is associated with 16% lower risk of hemorrhagic stroke compared to HD, but the risks of all types of stroke and hemorrhagic stroke are not statistically different in PD patients when compared to HD patients.

Gao, Ni. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-153). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.1 / LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES --- p.4 / List of Figures --- p.4 / List of Tables --- p.5 / ABSTRACT --- p.6 / 中文摘要 --- p.9 / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.11 / Chapter CHAPTER 1 - --- BACKGROUND REVIEW AND HYPOTHESIS --- p.13 / Chapter 1.1 --- Overview of Peritoneal dialysis --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2 --- Peritoneal dialysis in Hong Kong --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3 --- Cardiovasular Disease in PD patients --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Arterial disease --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Left ventricular hypertrophy --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4 --- Malnutrition in PD patients --- p.26 / Chapter 1.5 --- Fluid overload in PD patients: a cause and a result of CVD --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Overview --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Fluid overload and residual renal function --- p.29 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Fluid overload and hypertension --- p.30 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Fluid overload and malnutrition --- p.32 / Chapter 1.5.5 --- Assessment of fluid status in PD patient --- p.33 / Chapter 1.6 --- Peritoneal transport as the cause of fluid overload --- p.36 / Chapter 1.6.1 --- Structure of peritoneum --- p.36 / Chapter 1.6.2 --- Structural alteration of peritoneal membrane in PD --- p.37 / Chapter 1.6.3 --- Ultrafiltration dysfunction --- p.38 / Chapter 1.6.4 --- Peritoneal transport and outcome of PD patients --- p.40 / Chapter 1.6.5 --- Fluid overload and peritoneal transport --- p.41 / Chapter 1.6.6 --- Peritoneal transport and malnutrition --- p.42 / Chapter 1.6.7 --- Assessment of peritoneal transport --- p.44 / Chapter 1.7 --- Closing the circle: Arterial stiffness as a cause of high peritoneal transport? --- p.47 / Chapter 1.7.1 --- Vascular function and anatomy --- p.47 / Chapter 1.7.2 --- Atherosclerosis --- p.49 / Chapter 1.7.3 --- Atherosclerosis and Endothelial Dysfunction --- p.50 / Chapter 1.7.4 --- Atherosclerosis and Extracellular Matrix --- p.53 / Chapter 1.7.5 --- Arterial stiffness and renal function --- p.54 / Chapter 1.7.6 --- Arterial stiffness in PD --- p.55 / Chapter 1.7.7 --- Arterial stiffness and clinical outcome --- p.55 / Chapter 1.7.8 --- Assessment of arterial stiffness --- p.57 / Chapter 1.8 --- An overall construct --- p.61 / Chapter 1.9 --- Hypothesis --- p.63 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 - --- GENERAL METHODOLOGY --- p.65 / Chapter 2.1 --- Radiographic Parameters of Intravascular Volume Status --- p.65 / Chapter 2.2 --- Pulse Wave Velocity Study --- p.69 / Chapter 2.3 --- Dialysis adequacy study --- p.72 / Chapter 2.4 --- Peritoneal equilibration test (PET) --- p.73 / Chapter 2.5 --- Assessment of nutritional status --- p.75 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 - --- Radiographic Parameters of Intravascular Volume Status as a Prognostic Marker in Chinese Peritoneal Dialysis Patients --- p.77 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.77 / Chapter 3.2 --- Patients and Methods --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.81 / Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusion --- p.90 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 - --- Longitudinal Changes of Radiographic Parameters as the Prognostic Marker of Chinese Peritoneal Dialysis Patients --- p.91 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.91 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.95 / Chapter 4.4 --- Conclusions --- p.104 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 - --- "The Relation between Arterial Pulse Wave Velocity, Peritoneal Transport Characteristics, and Radiological Parameters of Intravascular Volume Status in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients" --- p.105 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.105 / Chapter 5.2 --- Patients and Methods --- p.106 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results --- p.110 / Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusions --- p.119 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 - --- DISCUSSION --- p.120 / Chapter 6.1 --- Methodology --- p.120 / Chapter 6.2 --- Results --- p.123 / Chapter 6.3 --- Further Directions of Research --- p.131 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusions --- p.132 / REFERENCE --- p.133 / PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO THIS WORK --- p.154 / Index Publication --- p.154 / Abstract --- p.154

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1987.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1987.

Orientador: Pasqual Barretti / Resumo: Introdução: A terapia renal substitutiva por diálise peritoneal (DP) na doença renal crônica pode ser realizada manualmente pela DP ambulatorial contínua (CAPD) ou pala utilização de cicladoras automatizadas (APD). O impacto da modalidade de DP nos resultados clínicos, sobrevida do paciente, da técnica de diálise e risco de peritonite não foi avaliado por ensaios clínicos randomizados com alto número de pacientes. Estudos observacionais não mostraram de modo consistente, superioridade de um desses métodos. Objetivos: Comparar os resultados e desfechos clínicos do tratamento por CAPD e APD, em coorte de pacientes incidentes adultos e incluídos no Estudo Multicêntrico Brasileiro de Diálise Peritoneal (BRAZ-PD). Métodos: Estudo nacional de coorte prospectivo multicêntrico no qual foi incluídos pacientes incidentes com pelo menos 90 dias em DP. Os pacientes foram alocados em dois grupos, tratados exclusivamente por CAPD ou APD, utilizando-se o escore de propensão para pareamento dos mesmos, de acordo com as variáveis: idade, etnia, sexo, diabetes mellitus, índice de massa corporal, experiência do centro, biênio de início da DP, doença arterial coronária, doença arterial periférica, hipertensão arterial, presença de neoplasia maligna, tempo de escolaridade, renda familiar, tempo de acompanhamento pré-diálise e hemodiálise prévia. Os desfechos clínicos foram avaliados utilizando o modelo de risco proporcional de Cox e análise para riscos competitivos de Fine e Gray. A evolução dos ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor