Part of Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1931. / "Private edition, distributed by the University of Chicago libraries, Chicago, Illinois." "Reprinted from Church history, vol. II, no. 2, 1933.

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [70]-74).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [70]-74).

Thesis (M. Div.)--St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary, 1982. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-51).

Nazi persecution was not uniform and could be negotiated by the groups being targeted based on a number of factors including the racial status of the group being persecuted, the willingness of the group members to cooperate with the regime, the services and skills the group had to offer and the willingness of the regime to allow cooperation. The experience of Freemasons under the Third Reich provides an example of the ability of targeted groups to negotiate Nazi persecution based on these factors. As members of the educated and professional class, Freemasons belonged to the demographic that most strongly supported Hitler from the late 1920s until war's outbreak in 1939. For Hitler, the skills these men possessed as doctors, lawyers, businessmen and bankers were essential to the success of the regime. So what would have otherwise been a mutually beneficial relationship eagerly sought after by both parties was prevented by the fact that the men were Freemasons and thus had ties to an organization whose ideology stood in complete contrast to that of National Socialism. However, because the identifier "Freemason" was not one based on biology or race, Freemasons had the ability to shed their identity as Freemasons by leaving the regime, an ability that they willingly and eagerly exercised. In return, the Nazi Party had to decide to what extent former Freemasons, whose professional skills and talent were so essential, could be allowed to work with the regime. Thus began the complex dance of compromise as each side tested the limits of what it could and couldn't do in order to cooperate with the other. For former Freemasons, the goal was trying to prove loyalty to the regime in the face of their previous lodge membership. For the regime the goal was finding a balance between ideological purity and practical necessity. Though the Nazis destroyed Freemasonry as an institution, the success of former Freemasons in aligning with the party as individuals shows the ability of Germans, even those in targeted groups, to escape persecution and even benefit from the regime that had previously targeted them.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of History, August 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M. Div.)--Emmanuel School of Religion, Johnson City, Tennessee, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-84).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Regent College, Vancouver, BC, 2001. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-156).

The master thesis mainly focuses on gender-sensitive and gender-inclusive interpretation of refugee definition within the Geneva Convention 1951 Convention and/or its 1967 Protocol. The analysis of the most frequent forms of gender-related persecution are presented as well as the interpretation of Convention grounds that are most commonly used in asylum claims to base the gender-related claims. The theses emphasize the main problems that are met while interpreting the Convention refugee definition in gender-sensitive way. The first part shortly presents the development of gender-related persecution within the refugee definition in the international field. The second part analyses the most frequently found forms of gender-related persecution in the case law while interpreting the Geneva Convention in different States and examines the persecution by non-state agents. It also examines, if gender-specific persecution has been recognized in legislation or case law as constituting a violation of human rights or serious harm that amounts to persecution. The third part analyses the interpretation of gender-related and gender-specific claims within the light of Convention grounds that are most commonly used to base gender-related claims: religion, political opinion and membership of a particular social group. The interpretation of the Geneva Convention has to be further developed and unified. It can be reached through some concrete changes in international, national law and case-law.