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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Analytical considerations and biology of milk conjugated linoleic acid synthesis in the bovine

Mohammed, Riazuddin Unknown Date
No description available.
12

Medidas de persistência da produção de leite em rebanhos Gir Leiteiro utilizando modelos de regressão aleatória / Persistency of milk yield measures in Gyr herds using random regression models

Pereira, Rodrigo Junqueira 11 February 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:54:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 884532 bytes, checksum: 039c5605e340fbcbeb537d2740cb30f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Data comprising 27,000 test-day milk yield (TDMY) records of 3,362 first lactations of Gyr cows calving between 1990 and 2007 were used to compare random regression models for biweekly TDMY and to evaluate persistency of lactation milk yield (PS) measures. Records were analyzed by random regression models (RRM). Random trajectories were fitted by Wilmink s (W) or Ali & Schaeffer s (AS) parametric functions. The models included the fixed effects of contemporary group (herd-year-month of test), age of cow at calving as covariate (linear and quadratic effects) and the average trend of population. Residual variances (RV) were fitted by 1, 4, 6, or 10 classes. Models were compared by Akaike s (AIC) and Schwarz s Bayesian (BIC) information criteria. The AS function used for modeling the additive genetic and permanent environmental effects with heterogeneous RV adjusted with four classes was the best fitted model. RV estimates for W were higher than RV estimates for AS. TDMY heritability estimates ranged from 0.12 to 0.32 for AS function and from 0.09 to 0.33 for W function and were larger in the first half of the lactation period. Genetic correlations decreased from near unity between adjacent TDMY to negative values between early and late lactation. The AS function used for modeling the additive genetic and permanent environmental effects with heterogeneous RV adjusted four classes (AS4) would be parsimonious to fit TDMY of Gyr cows in Brazil. The AS4 model was used to evaluate nine PS measures. Heritability estimates for persistency measures ranged from 0.09 to 0.40. Genetic correlations between persistency and 297-day milk yield (Y297) ranged from - 0.59 to -0.11. At high PS and Y297 selection intensities there were a few animals in common. A larger percentage of animals in common was selected, as the selection intensity for both traits decreased. The average predicted breeding values for Y297 by the year of birth of cows showed substantial annual increase in the Y297, supporting the effectiveness of Gyr cattle national breeding program. However, no improvement in the genetic average of persistence of lactation yield was observed. The results allow to conclude that the selection for total milk yield does not provide sires and cows that are genetically superior for persistency of lactation yield. / Com o objetivo de avaliar modelos de regressão aleatória para a produção de leite no dia do controle (PLDC) e comparar medidas de persistência da produção de leite (PS), foram utilizados 27.000 registros de PLDC de 3.362 primeiras lactações de vacas Gir Leiteiro paridas entre 1990 e 2007. As PLDC foram agrupadas em vinte classes quinzenais e analisadas por modelos de regressão aleatória (MRA), cujos efeitos aleatórios, genético-aditivo e de ambiente permanente, foram modelados utilizando-se as funções de Wilmink (W) ou Ali & Schaeffer (AS). O modelo incluiu os efeitos fixos de grupo contemporâneo (rebanho-ano-mês de controle), idade da vaca ao parto como covariável (efeitos linear e quadrático) e a curva média de lactação da população. A modelagem da variância residual (VR) foi feita por meio de 1, 4, 6 ou 10 classes. As VR estimadas para o MRA utilizando a função W foram superiores àquelas estimadas pelo MRA empregando a função AS. Os modelos foram comparados pelos critérios de informação de Akaike (AIC) e Bayesiano de Schwarz (BIC). O teste BIC indicou o modelo com quatro classes de VR utilizando a função AS como o de melhor ajuste aos dados. As estimativas de herdabilidade variaram de 0,12 a 0,32 para a função AS e de 0,09 a 0,33 para a função W, sendo maiores ao início da lactação. As correlações entre as PLDC decresceram de valores próximos à unidade entre controles adjacentes para valores negativos entre as PLDC da primeira e duas últimas quinzenas da lactação. O MRA empregando a função AS com quatro classes de VR (AS4), dentre os modelos estudados, é uma opção parcimoniosa para o ajuste das PLDC de vacas Gir Leiteiro no Brasil. Utilizando o modelo AS4, nove medidas de PS foram avaliadas. As correlações genéticas entre as medidas de PS e a produção de leite até 297 dias (P297) variaram entre -0,59 e -0,11. Sob altas intensidades de seleção para PS e P297, poucos animais em comum foram selecionados. À medida que a intensidade de seleção para ambas as características diminuiu, uma maior percentagem de animais em comum foi selecionada. As médias dos valores genéticos preditos para P297, de acordo com o ano de nascimento das vacas, demonstraram substancial incremento genético anual na P297, confirmando a efetividade do programa de melhoramento genético nacional da raça. Em contrapartida, não se observou melhoria na média genética da persistência da produção de leite. Os resultados permitem concluir que a seleção para produção de leite total na lactação não identifica touros e vacas geneticamente superiores para persistência da produção de leite.
13

API development for persistent data sessions support

Pailom, Chayutra 03 1900 (has links)
Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / This thesis studies and discusses the development of the API, called the persistency API, for supporting the persistent data sessions. Without persistent session support, network applications often need to be restarted from the beginning when intermittent physical connection loss happens. Application programmers can use the persistency API to achieve the service continuity. The persistency API provides the interface that allows a program to continue retrieve data from the point the connection is lost after the physical connection is restored. The focus of this thesis is to develop a generalized persistency API that supports various types of applications. This thesis studies the persistent session support for two types of transport protocols, TCP and UDP, which are used by major network applications. An application that performs text file and video file transfer is implemented to demonstrate the persistent data transfer sessions for TCP and UDP, respectively. The study shows that the proposed APIs can support the data transfer continuity in the reconnection process. / Captain, Royal Thai Army
14

RSQL - a query language for dynamic data types

Jäkel, Tobias, Kühn, Thomas, Voigt, Hannes, Lehner, Wolfgang 09 June 2021 (has links)
Database Management Systems (DBMS) are used by software applications, to store, manipulate, and retrieve large sets of data. However, the requirements of current software systems pose various challenges to established DBMS. First, most software systems organize their data by means of objects rather than relations leading to increased maintenance, redundancy, and transformation overhead when persisting objects to relational databases. Second, complex objects are separated into several objects resulting in Object Schizophrenia and hard to persist Distributed State. Last but not least, current software systems have to cope with increased complexity and changes. These challenges have lead to a general paradigm shift in the development of software systems. Unfortunately, classical DBMS will become intractable, if they are not adapted to the new requirements imposed by these software systems. As a result, we propose an extension of DBMS with roles to represent complex objects within a relational database and support the exibility required by current software systems. To achieve this goal, we introduces RSQL, an extension to SQL with the concept of objects playing roles when interacting with other objects. Additionally, we present a formal model for the logical representation of roles in the extended DBMS.
15

Produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey, em pastagem de azevém anual / Production and milk quality of Holstein and Jersey cows breeds, grazing annual ryegrass

Diefenbach, Jairo 29 February 2012 (has links)
This study evaluated the lactation curve shape, the yield and composition of milk from cows of Holstein and Jersey breeds grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, and aimed to analyze its response when subjected to grazing pasture herd consisting of two genotypes. The experiment was conducted from 08.18.2010 to 10.29.2010 and are used in total, eleven tester cows of each racial group and a variable number of regulator cows. The animals were managed in rotational grazing with variable stocking rate and were supplemented at a rate of 1 kg per 3 liters of milk produced above 15 liters / cow / day. Pasture management allowed similar grazing conditions between the two tested breeds and proved to be not limiting to pasture and animals production. Individual milking performance was measured once a week throughout experimental period. The visual body condition score (BCS, 1-5), was also registered weekly, and body weigh was measured monthly. The experimental design for pasture variables and for individual animal production was a randomized block design with replications in time, having been used stepwise proc (SAS, 2009) to test regression models. Only the supplement in the months August, September and October in analysis, besides individual productions corrected to 4% fat, day consuption in the months of August, September and October was considered in analysis, besides individual animal productions corrected to 4% fat, days in lactation period , body weights, BCS, number of lactations and age. Individual samples were taken by milking in September and October, and analyzed for the following milk components: fat, protein, lactose, water, acidity, freezing point, density, and computed total dry extract (TDE) and defatted dry extract (DDE). The statistical analysis for milk components was randomized complete blocks with triple factorial arrangement for breeds (2), periods (2), and stages of lactation (4). ANOVA was performed by GLM (SAS, 2009) and multivariate analysis, through Software Multiv (Pillar, 1997), using the correlation between variables as a measure of similarity, and clustering criteria was the least variance of sum of squares Jersey exceeded Holstein (P <0.005) for fat (%) lactose (%) and protein (%); Holstein was exceeding Jersey (P <0.0001) for fat (kg), protein (kg) and TDE ( kg). Correlation studies showed a clear difference in the degree of association between genotypes for dry matter intake of feed, with lower association for Jersey genotype, Holtstein presented a higher and consistent dependence of intake throughout the experimental period, coinciding with pasture cycle. This trend may indicate greater efficiency of Jersey genotype in the use of pastures of high quality, obtained in the initial pasture phases. The regression studies indicated that supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in September explained 65.69% of milk production for Holstein breed, and supplement dry matter intake (partial R ²) in October explained 55.73% of milk production of Jersey breed. / Foram avaliados o comportamento da curva de lactação, e a produção e composição do leite de vacas das raças Holandês e Jersey em pastagens de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum) no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, com o objetivo de analisar a resposta de dois genótipos de raças leiteiras, em pastoreio rotativo. O experimento foi conduzido de 18/08/2010 a 29/10/2010, sendo utilizadas, onze vacas testadoras de cada grupo racial e um número variável de vacas reguladoras. Os animais foram manejados em pastoreio rotativo com lotação variável e receberam concentrado comercial à razão de 1 kg para cada 3 litros de leite produzidos acima de 15 litros/vaca/dia. O manejo das pastagens permitiu condições de pastejo semelhantes entre as duas raças testadas e se mostrou não limitante à produção da pastagem e dos animais. Foi medido o desempenho individual por turno de produção de leite, uma vez por semana em todo período experimental. Também foram tomados semanalmente, o escore de condição corporal (ECC, escala de 1 a 5), e mensalmente o peso vivo (PV), em balança mecânica. O delineamento para variáveis da pastagem e produção animal foi blocos ao acaso, com medidas repetidas no tempo, tendo sido utilizado o proc stepwise (SAS, 2009) para testar modelos de regressões. Foi considerado apenas o consumo do suplemento nos meses de agosto, setembro e outubro na análise, além de produções individuais corrigidas a 4% de gordura, dias em leite no inicio e final, pesos, ECC, número de lactações e idade. Foram tomadas amostras individuais de leite por ordenha, em setembro e outubro, e analisados para os componentes: gordura, proteína, lactose, além de água, acidez, crioscopia, densidade, e calculados extrato seco total (EST) e extrato seco desengordurado (ESD). A análise estatística para componentes do leite considerou o delineamento em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial triplo para raças (2), períodos (2), e fases de lactação (4). Foi realizada ANOVA por GLM (SAS, 2009) e análise multivariada, através do Software Multiv (Pillar, 1997), sendo utilizada a correlação entre variáveis como medida de semelhança, e o critério de agrupamento foi a variância mínima da soma de quadrados. Jersey foi superior a Holandês (P<0,005) para os teores de gordura (%) lactose (%) e proteína (%); Holandês foi superior a Jersey (P<0,0001) para as produções de gordura (kg), proteína (kg) e EST (kg). O estudo de correlações indicou clara diferença no grau de associação entre genótipos para consumo de matéria seca do concentrado (CMSR), tendo Jersey menor associação, e Holandês uma mais alta e consistente dependência desse consumo ao longo do período experimental, coincidente com o avanço no ciclo da pastagem. Esta tendência pode indicar maior eficiência do genótipo Jersey no uso de pastos de alta qualidade, obtida nas fases iniciais da pastagem. O estudo de regressões indicou CMSR (R² parcial) no mês de setembro explicando 65,69% da produção de leite do genótipo Holandês, e CMSR (R² parcial) no mês de outubro explicando 55,73% da produção de leite do genótipo Jersey.

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