Master of Applied Science / Research into rehabilitation outcomes shows that people recovering from stroke experience serious role loss. Despite this, many occupational therapists working in the area of stroke rehabilitation do not allocate time to therapy designed to achieve specific meaningful role resumption or development for their clients, instead focussing most of their therapy upon the restoration of function at the performance component level (Brodie, Holm, & Tomlin, 1994). Occupational role performance is an area of knowledge that has been neglected within the profession. Little is known about the use of the concept by the role performer. A naturalistic study was undertaken to provide descriptive information about the self-perceived occupational role performance of men over 65 who have had a stroke, and to investigate the possibility that occupational role was a construct used by the participants to organise their occupational performance (Chapparo and Ranka, 1997). Thirteen participants were interviewed in their own homes. Inductive analysis of the data produced the following findings. There was evidence that participants did use role as a construct to organise role performance in terms of meaning, personal abilities and time. This organisation incorporated a large degree of choice about how roles were performed. Choices were made in relation to perceptions of environmental demands and informed by previous experience and personal standards for role performance. A preliminary model of self-perceived occupational role performance was developed from the themes identified in the data. The constructs of the model represent the factors identified as contributing to the meaning, motivation, planning and performance of occupational roles by the participants in the study. Each major construct has a number of sub-constructs, and construct definitions were produced. The relationship between the constructs is thought to be complex, and were considered beyond the scope of this descriptive study. The three major constructs of this model are Active Engagement, Personal Meaning and Perceived Control. The three constructs relate to doing, knowing and being as described in the Occupational Performance Model (Australia) (Chapparo and Ranka, 1997). Active Engagement describes the nature of occupational role performance and is principally related to doing. The construct of Personal Meaning strongly influences Active Engagement and is principally related to being. The last construct of Perceived Control relates to the reasoning of the participant about his role performance, and is principally related to knowing. Perceived Control informs Personal Meaning in terms of the perceived outcomes of Active Engagement. The major outcome of this study has been the detailed identification and description of a number of constructs that relate to both the internal and external aspects of self-perceived occupational role performance for the study participants. These constructs extend the Occupational Performance Model (Australia) (Chapparo and Ranka, 1997) at the role level, and can form the basis of further research to develop a model of occupational role performance that would provide a valuable tool for research and for clinical practice.

Master of Applied Science / Research into rehabilitation outcomes shows that people recovering from stroke experience serious role loss. Despite this, many occupational therapists working in the area of stroke rehabilitation do not allocate time to therapy designed to achieve specific meaningful role resumption or development for their clients, instead focussing most of their therapy upon the restoration of function at the performance component level (Brodie, Holm, & Tomlin, 1994). Occupational role performance is an area of knowledge that has been neglected within the profession. Little is known about the use of the concept by the role performer. A naturalistic study was undertaken to provide descriptive information about the self-perceived occupational role performance of men over 65 who have had a stroke, and to investigate the possibility that occupational role was a construct used by the participants to organise their occupational performance (Chapparo and Ranka, 1997). Thirteen participants were interviewed in their own homes. Inductive analysis of the data produced the following findings. There was evidence that participants did use role as a construct to organise role performance in terms of meaning, personal abilities and time. This organisation incorporated a large degree of choice about how roles were performed. Choices were made in relation to perceptions of environmental demands and informed by previous experience and personal standards for role performance. A preliminary model of self-perceived occupational role performance was developed from the themes identified in the data. The constructs of the model represent the factors identified as contributing to the meaning, motivation, planning and performance of occupational roles by the participants in the study. Each major construct has a number of sub-constructs, and construct definitions were produced. The relationship between the constructs is thought to be complex, and were considered beyond the scope of this descriptive study. The three major constructs of this model are Active Engagement, Personal Meaning and Perceived Control. The three constructs relate to doing, knowing and being as described in the Occupational Performance Model (Australia) (Chapparo and Ranka, 1997). Active Engagement describes the nature of occupational role performance and is principally related to doing. The construct of Personal Meaning strongly influences Active Engagement and is principally related to being. The last construct of Perceived Control relates to the reasoning of the participant about his role performance, and is principally related to knowing. Perceived Control informs Personal Meaning in terms of the perceived outcomes of Active Engagement. The major outcome of this study has been the detailed identification and description of a number of constructs that relate to both the internal and external aspects of self-perceived occupational role performance for the study participants. These constructs extend the Occupational Performance Model (Australia) (Chapparo and Ranka, 1997) at the role level, and can form the basis of further research to develop a model of occupational role performance that would provide a valuable tool for research and for clinical practice.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Spirituality, defined as the way individuals seek and express meaning and purpose; and the way they experience their connectedness to the moment, to self, to others, to nature and to the significant or sacred (Puchalski,et al, 2009) has proven benefits to the health of people across the lifespan (Huguelet, 2011) and is supported by policy papers of the UN and the WHO. Spirituality, expressed through meaningful activity, naturally falls within the domain of all occupational therapy practice, and is described as a central occupational component in occupational performance models such as the AOTA PF (2009) and the CMOP-E.(Polatajko, Townsend, & Craik, 2007). However barriers to including spirituality into occupational therapy interventions include lack of training (Paal et al 2015; Kirsh, 2001), confidence and skills (Egan, 2003; Mthembu, 2015) and perception of ambiguity (Bennett et al 2013; Unruh et al 2002) and irrelevancy (Collins, 2009). Previous remediation to the gap between theory and practice of spirituality include utilising activity such as art, music, gardening, and many others (Ayers-Hayth, 2015) with the assumption that these activities have inherent spiritual qualities when they may not be meaningful to the individual. This doctoral project proposes an educational program to assist practitioners increase their knowledge and skills in relation to spirituality in occupational therapy. DevOTed is a self-paced multi-faceted workbook based on best practices in adult education ( Dunst,& Trivette, 2009) and spiritual education (Paal et al., 2015). DevOTed combines opportunities for building knowledge and skills and self-reflections and case studies from a wide range of practice areas to guide the development of the clinician’s clinical reasoning. Effectiveness will be evaluated using a participant-oriented model and include feedback, virtual discussion content and client satisfaction measures. Dissemination will utilise electronic media, person-to-person contact and written information. The devOTed program offers a theory and evidence-based learning opportunity and unique opportunity for the occupational therapy profession to seamlessly and simply integrate spirituality into day-to-day interventions in any area of practice and by doing so, continue to enact its commitment to client-centered care.

Disertacijoje analizuojami būsimų muzikos mokytojų meninės individualybės raiškos muzikinėje veikloje ypatumai. Iškelta mokslinė problema: kaip ir kokią įtaką muzikinė veikla gali daryti būsimų muzikos mokytojų meninei individualybei ir kiek šią įtaką įmanoma optimizuoti. Sudarytas ir teoriškai bei empiriškai pagrįstas būsimų muzikos mokytojų meninės individualybės raiškos modelis, apimantis refleksyvumo (išreiškiamo per muzikos interpretavimo autentiškumą, savo gebėjimų vertinimą ir savo orumo jautimą), kūrybiškumo (per muzikos interpretavimo originalumą, vertinimų savitumą ir išgyvenimų intensyvumą), meniškumo (per muzikos interpretavimo harmoningumą, vertinimų gilumą ir išgyvenimų estetiškumą) ir atsakingumo (per prisiėmimą atsakomybės už muzikos kūrinių interpretavimą, vertinimų dorovingumą ir pareigos jautimą) komponentus. Atlikus diagnostinį tyrimą atskleista būsimų muzikos mokytojų meninės individualybės muzikinėje veikloje apraiškos, jų tarpusavio sąsajos, raiškos lygis, priklausomybė nuo išorinių (aukštosios mokyklos tipo ir studentų kurso) bei vidinių (muzikiniai gebėjimai, meniniai išgyvenimai ir vertybių reikšmingumo pripažinimas) veiksnių. Atlikto ugdymo projekto metu atskleisti meninės individualybės raiškos pokyčiai ir pagrįstos būsimų muzikos mokytojų meninės individualybės raiškos plėtojimo strategijos. Remiantis atlikto disertacinio tyrimo rezultatais, pateiktos rekomendacijos pedagogams muzikos mokytojų rengimo praktikoje taikyti praktiškai patikrintas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Peculiarities of the expression of artistic individuality of future teachers are analysed in the dissertation. Problem of the investigation has been formulated: in what way and what impact the musical activity can exert on artistic individuality of future music teachers and to what extent this impact can be optimised. The model of the expression of artistic individuality of future music teachers has been created and substantiated both theoretically and empirically. The model encompasses the components of reflexivity, creativity, high artistic value and responsibility. Manifestations of artistic individuality in musical activity of future teachers and the level of expression of these manifestations, interrelations between components of artistic individuality and their dependence on the external factors (the type of higher education institution that provides different musical education (university, non-university) and the year the students are in, as well as internal factors (musical abilities, artistic experiences and recognition of the significance of values) have been revealed by the diagnostic examination. Statistically significant changes in the expression of artistic individuality of future music teachers have been determined and strategies for developing the expression of artistic individuality of future music teachers have been brought out and tested in the course of the education project. On the basis of the data of the research work the basic brought out strategies... [to full text]

Nursing as a profession presents an interesting context for studying meaning of work, as it centres on the care of patients; the motivation behind choosing such a profession. Furthermore, taking into consideration the current economic situation and the shortage of nurses in the country, it is important to investigate the kind of impact that the meaning they receive from their work may have on their commitment to the hospital and their level of engagement in their work. What nurses do and how well they do it relates directly to the quality of care the patient receives. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between meaning of work, organisational commitment and work engagement among nurses of various hospitals in the Vaal Triangle. Also investigated were biographical factors such as gender, race, age, citizenship, qualification, years of service, job level and employment status. A survey design was used on a sample of nurses (N = 199) in hospitals. A biographical questionnaire, the Organisational Commitment Questionnaire, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and Work-Life Questionnaire were administered. The statistical analyses were carried out by means of SPSS (2009). Factor analyses were conducted to determine construct validity and Cronbach’s alphas and inter-item correlation coefficients assessed the internal consistency of the instruments. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0,94 to 0,62 were obtained for the above-mentioned questionnaires. Results showed that the majority of nurses viewed their work as either a job or a calling. More African nurses viewed their work as a calling than did any other race group. Younger workers, specifically those with a Grade 12 qualification, viewed their work as a career, while the more experienced nurses and those on management level viewed their work as either a career or a calling. Furthermore, nurses viewing their work as a calling are more committed to the organisation and more engaged in their work, whereas nurses viewing their work as a job are less committed and engaged. Lastly, a positive relationship exists between organisational commitment and work engagement. Therefore, the more strongly nurses view their work as a calling, the more committed they will be to the hospital and the more engaged they will be in their work. Based on the above findings, recommendations were made for the hospitals and future research. / MCom, Industrial Psychology, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011

The purpose of this research was to explore how post-visit action resources, such as printed handouts and email updates, impact environmental free-choice learning and sustainable behaviour after a visit to an environmental free-choice learning centre. Free-choice learning, which occurs in places like zoos, is an increasingly popular and effective experience to communicate environmental sustainability and climate change issues to the public. This research specifically explored how post-visit resources provided after a visit to the International Polar Bear Conservation Centre in Winnipeg’s Assiniboine Park Zoo in Manitoba, Canada affected environmental learning and sustainable behaviour change over a two-month period. Questionnaire and personal meaning mapping interview responses revealed that post-visit resources can be an effective way to improve environmental learning, increase awareness, and encourage some sustainable behaviour change. The implications for environmental free-choice learning experiences are discussed and recommendations for future practices explained.

Nursing as a profession presents an interesting context for studying meaning of work, as it centres on the care of patients; the motivation behind choosing such a profession. Furthermore, taking into consideration the current economic situation and the shortage of nurses in the country, it is important to investigate the kind of impact that the meaning they receive from their work may have on their commitment to the hospital and their level of engagement in their work. What nurses do and how well they do it relates directly to the quality of care the patient receives. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between meaning of work, organisational commitment and work engagement among nurses of various hospitals in the Vaal Triangle. Also investigated were biographical factors such as gender, race, age, citizenship, qualification, years of service, job level and employment status. A survey design was used on a sample of nurses (N = 199) in hospitals. A biographical questionnaire, the Organisational Commitment Questionnaire, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and Work-Life Questionnaire were administered. The statistical analyses were carried out by means of SPSS (2009). Factor analyses were conducted to determine construct validity and Cronbach’s alphas and inter-item correlation coefficients assessed the internal consistency of the instruments. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0,94 to 0,62 were obtained for the above-mentioned questionnaires. Results showed that the majority of nurses viewed their work as either a job or a calling. More African nurses viewed their work as a calling than did any other race group. Younger workers, specifically those with a Grade 12 qualification, viewed their work as a career, while the more experienced nurses and those on management level viewed their work as either a career or a calling. Furthermore, nurses viewing their work as a calling are more committed to the organisation and more engaged in their work, whereas nurses viewing their work as a job are less committed and engaged. Lastly, a positive relationship exists between organisational commitment and work engagement. Therefore, the more strongly nurses view their work as a calling, the more committed they will be to the hospital and the more engaged they will be in their work. Based on the above findings, recommendations were made for the hospitals and future research. / MCom, Industrial Psychology, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011

Thesis (M. Ed.(Educational psychology))-University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-119) Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between, personal meaning, sense of coherence, organisational commitment and selected biographical variables, specifically age, tenure and occupational level. It was found that mostly significant positive relationships exist between personal meaning and sense of coherence. Personal meaning and sense of coherence exhibit predictive value for organisational commitment. It was established that self-transcendence plays a significant role in the development of affective and normative organisational commitment. Some significant differences were found between management and non-management employees in the manifestation of personal meaning. Management approximate more personal meaning to achievement, self-acceptance, and fair treatment. On sense of coherence and organisational commitment there were no significant differences between management and non-management employees. It was recommended that the relationship between personal meaning and other positive psychology variables be researched in order to determine the significance of such relationships so as to add to this relatively new body of research. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.Comm.