This study was conducted to investigate the possibility that highly creative art majors possess certain unique personality characteristics that are common only to individuals who are highly creative.

The nature of the problem to be dealt with in this present study involves the religious personality. Specifically, it involves the question as to the personality similarities and differences of students from a religious college and students from a state college.

This study investigates and evaluates the effects of an eighteen-hour weekend encounter group and three twelve-week groups--a weekly counseling group, a Bible discussion group, and a church attendance group, upon selected personality and behavioral variables, group morale and social integration. Subjects were forty-eight volunteers from a 250-member Protestant, evangelical church in a suburb of a Texas city of five-hundred thousand people. Six men and six women were randomly assigned to each of the four groups. Data analyzed were the pre-, post-, and post-post-experiment scores of the Personal Orientation Inventory, the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, and the sociometric variables based on Bonney's "Criteria for a Better Group on Sociometric Scales". The .05 level of significance was required for rejection of the null hypotheses. The statistical analyses were accomplished by applying a one-way analysis of co-variance design to the raw scores from the Personal Orientation Inventory, the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, and two of the three sociometric variables--mutual choices and opposite sex choices. The sociometric variable, choices between upper and lower quarters, was computed with the z formula. The sociometric data, mutuals and opposite sex choices on the encounter group, were further analyzed using the single-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures. It was hypothesized that the participants in the weekend encounter group would show a significantly greater change in self-actualization, positive personality and behavioral changes, social integration and group morale than would the participants in the other groups. It was further hypothesized that the weekly counseling group would show a significantly greater change in the selected variables, social integration and group morale, than would the Bible discussion or church attendance groups. It was also hypothesized that the Bible discussion group would show a significantly greater change in the selected variables, social integration and group morale than would the church attendance group. Statistical analyses failed to confirm the research hypotheses. The participants in the eighteen-hour encounter group did not show a significantly greater change in the selected personality and behavioral variables, group morale and social integration, than did the participants in the other three groups, at the conclusion of the eighteen hours or the twelve-week sessions. A partial significance was achieved by the participants in the counseling group. No significant changes were indicated by the Bible discussion or church attendance groups. The findings of this study partially support the assumption that psychological groups could enhance the ministry of the church. Therefore, it is recommended that further study on psychological-religious groups be initiated.

This study explores relationships among attitudes about mental illness and guns in order to shed some light on two issues often mentioned in the same realm: mental illness and gun violence. This study also explores if personality variables relate to these attitudes about guns and mental illness. The results of this study found that those who reported more positive attitudes toward guns will have more negative attitudes toward mental illness. The data supported another part of the hypothesis that males would report more positive attitudes towards guns and more negative attitudes towards mental illness than females. This study did not support one part of the hypothesis that those participants with higher ratings of openness to experiences and conscientiousness will have more positive attitudes towards mental illness. Exploring these attitudes may advance our understanding of misconceptions, stereotypes, and stigma. This may also increase understanding of what leads to polarizing and divisive opinions on these issues.

This study was conducted to determine if drug addict patients tend to select leaders with good rehabilitation potential, as this potential is determined by examination of certain personality characteristics of the addicts.

There has been a recent resurgence in interest in the study of personality types. This personality type research has focused on the uncovering of statistical types, rather than relying on rationally developed types. Using the method of cluster analysis, I investigated whether such statistical types could be uncovered and whether they correspond to the types described in previous analyses. The expected number of personality types was uncovered and, while these types resemblanced the personality types discussed in the literature, the patterns of scores for these types were not exactly as hypothesized.

Of each of the Big-Five personality traits, neuroticism is most strongly associated with poor relationship outcomes. Prior research has established a robust negative association between neuroticism and relationship quality, regardless of participant age, length of relationship, and country of origin. As so much has already been studied on the topic of neuroticism and relationship quality, the current study explores the association between neuroticism and relationship using meta-analytic methodology, and details whether Hill's seven criteria for causation have been met in the current literature thus far. After searching through databases and the references of included studies, I used 151 published studies that reported an effect size between neuroticism and relationship quality. Reported effect sizes included an overall aggregate correlation of -.222, and differentiated effect sizes for male actor and partner correlations, and female actor and partner correlations. I used two-way tests to explore if the sample country of origin, type of measure used, and whether the effect size was cross-sectional or longitudinal moderated the -.222 association. Further, I used meta-regression to test whether the length of relationship or participant age moderated the association. Results showed that sample country of origin and participant age did not moderate the association, suggesting that neuroticism and relationship quality are similarly associated regardless of where a participant was from or their age. However, longitudinal data showed a stronger negative relationship than cross-sectional data, measures of depression and anxiety demonstrated a stronger negative relationship than broad neuroticism measures, and a greater time spent in a relationship showed a weaker relationship between the two variables. Results are discussed in light of the interpersonal and intrapersonal models of neuroticism and the social exchange theory, and a model for how neuroticism operates through emotions, interpretations and behaviors is outlined. This model offers information for ways a couples' therapist could work to mitigate the association between neuroticism and relationship quality. A case for causation could not be established, so future directions for the field are delineated.

The aim of this research is to develop a conceptual model consisting of factors which were associated with managerial success in a changing environment and to investigate its predictive validity. This "Successful Manager Profile" contains three domains, each consisting of a number of factors. An assessment battery was devised to measure the three domains - cognitive abilities, personality variables and personal competencies - of the "Successful Manager Profile." A sample of 287 employees was assessed during 1991 and 1992 using assessment centre technology, psychometric tests and questionnaires. Five years later (in 1996 and 1997), criterion data, which consisted of the final organisational level attained, were collected. The research question - whether the variables contained in the "Successful Manager Profile" - was investigated using Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis. The coefficient of multiple determination reported ranged from R2+0.21 for the total sample to R2=0.60 for the male graduate group. / Industrial Psychology / M. Comm. (Industrial Psychology)

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In response to the challenge of helping clientele function in a productive and personally satisfying fashion, the counseling profession assumed the responsibility for assimilating vocational information. The need. was expressed for integrating fragmented vocational information into more meaningful, psychological and sociological theory. More research pertaining to adults is needed to continue the work on this task. This exploratory and descriptive study's primary objective was to analyze vocational stability, achievement, and job satisfaction variables and their relationships to assessed and inferred personality variables for male college graduates with post college work experience who sought career counseling. Holland's assumption which states that congruency between personality and environment produces stability, achievement, and satisfaction was investigated.