Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [70]-76).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [70]-76).

The thesis examines the Qumran pesharim and seeks to test the claim that these texts are solely 'historically' based. Instead, it finds that the interpretations are driven by prophetic concerns, founded on and guided by the biblical concept of 'pesher' as dream-interpretation. The study concentrates on the various sobriquets in the pesharim, and is loosely divided into two main parts. Part one examines those designations of groups, including the Kittim, Ephraim and Manasseh, and the Seekers of Smooth Things. Part two, meanwhile, focuses on the interrelationship between the Teacher of Righteousness, the Wicked Priest, and the Man of Falsehood. One of the dominating themes of the thesis is the stress laid on the relationship between the Teacher and the Man of Falsehood, while the thesis also proposes that 'Ephraim' and 'Seekers of Smooth Things' are an offshoot of the Man of Falsehood's original followers. This allows the opposition to this group in 4QpNahum to be properly understood, and suggests a lurk between the Qumran group and the proto-Pharisaic movement. In concluding, the study condemns the suggestion that the 'masking' by sobriquets intentionally conceals these subjects' identity. Rather, such masking links the intended target with prophetic expectations. In short, the thesis finds that although the two are often distinguished in modem scholarship, the correct interpretation of any aspect of the 'historical' pesharim inevitably relies on the understanding of the prophetic term 'pesher' - and vice versa. The thesis does not tackle the issue of the dating of these texts. Rather, it assumes the consensus view that the pesharim were composed during the first century BCE. Occasionally, it will be evident that a text requires a composition before or after a particular date or event, or even that it must postdate another Qumran text, but in general the question has not been an overriding concern.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:18:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mauro Filgueiras Filho.pdf: 1009410 bytes, checksum: a5420318750a87d3599970be54e01aed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-19 / This dissertation is focused to presente the typological hermeneutic method as a tool to understand the reading of the Gospel of Matthew 4.15-16 of the Isaiah s prophecy of 8.23 9.1 [MT]. The text will be noted from the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint, when compared with the Greek text of Matthew. Therefore, the first century Jewish context will be studied to understand more fully the environment in wich the evangelist was possible to write his gospel. The techniques of interpretation considered in parallel with the typology of greatest importance to this work are: three rabbinical techniques, that is, pesher, midrah haggadah and gezerah shavah, and three other techniques eminently Christian interpretation, that is, double-fulfillment, sensus plenior, typology. Finally, the comparative study of first century Judaism and interpretation techniques will result the choice of typological interpretation, but without a radical rupture with the other schools, but on the contrary, conflicting with some notes of the Dead Sea Scrolls and his apocalypticism. The typological interpretation will deal with the similarities between the Old and the New Testament texts, for a more comprehensive understanding of the scenario. Will be considered three common themes of the two texts that establish a relation between them, that is, the geography, the Gentiles and the interpretation of light / Esta dissertação tem por foco apresentar o método hermenêutico tipológico como ferramenta proposta para compreender a leitura realizada pelo evangelho de Mateus 4.15-16 da profecia de Isaías 8.23 9.1 [TM]. O texto receberá atenção a partir do Texto Massorético e da Septuaginta, sempre em comparação com o texto grego de Mateus. Por conseguinte, o contexto judaico do primeiro século será estudado para compreender mais amplamente o ambiente em que o evangelista possivelmente se encontrava para escrever o seu evangelho. As técnicas de interpretação contempladas em paralelo com a tipologia, consideradas de maior importância para este trabalho são: três técnicas rabínicas, isto é, pesher, midrah e gezerah shavah, e outras três técnicas de interpretação eminentemente cristãs, isto é, duplo-cumprimento, o sensus plenior e a tipologia. Por fim, o estudo comparativo do judaísmo do primeiro século e das técnicas de interpretação resultará na escolha da interpretação tipológica, mas sem um radical rompimento com as demais escolas, pelo contrário, conflitando com alguns apontamentos dos Rolos do Mar Morto e seu apocalipticismo. A interpretação tipológica se ocupará com as semelhanças entre o texto veterotestamentário e o neotestamentário, bem como semelhanças que poderiam compor um cenário mais abrangente. Serão considerados três temas comuns dos dois textos que estabelecem um vínculo entre ambos, ou seja, a geografia, os gentios e a interpretação da luz.

Les textes qumraniens nous fournissent des témoins de première main pour l’étude du développement du messianisme dans le judaïsme durant la période du Second Temple. L’une des découvertes les plus frappantes dans la bibliothèque de Qumrân est la pluralité des attentes messianiques et l’existence de locutions diverses avec un sens messianique. À l’aide d’une analyse littéraire, ainsi que d’une approche socio-critique, surtout à partir d’une distinction typologique entre un messianisme restaurateur ou utopique, nous nous proposons d’examiner les rapports des textes sectaires messianiques de Qumrân 1) aux données bibliques et extra-bibliques contemporaines, 2) aux façons de conceptualiser les différentes figures messianiques et 3) au contexte socio-politique de l’époque. La recherche présente quatre principaux paradigmes à travers desquels les diverses idées messianiques ont été formulées dans la communauté qumrano-essénienne, tandis que l’interprétation resserre la problématique autour de la typologie restauratrice et utopique. Les analyses dévoilent un aspect des attentes du judaïsme ancien, marqué par la croyance en une pluralité d’agents de salut aux traits messianiques: il s’agit d’un schéma oscillant entre l’aspiration à la restauration des structures religieuses et politiques de l’Israël d’autrefois et l’espérance utopique d’un monde dramatiquement transformé. Malgré qu’il soit difficile d’envisager un développement linéaire, unanime et cohérent sur la base du contenu et de la chronologie des textes messianiques, cette recherche démontre une tendance générale qui jalonne l’évolution historique des idées messianiques de Qumrân. C’est la combinaison de plusieurs dynamiques, soit la critique des prêtres-rois asmonéens, la préoccupation de la pureté rituelle et de l’observance de la Loi, et une perspective apocalyptique entrevoyant une transformation catastrophique conduisant à un renouvellement du monde, qui a généré la ferveur messianique propre à la communauté qumrano-essénienne. / The Qumran scrolls provide us the first-hand sources for the study of development of messianism in Judaism during the Second Temple period. One of the most striking characteristics of Qumran library is the plurality of messianic expectations, as well as the variety of expressions with messianic meaning applied to different figures. Using a literary analysis and a socio-critical approach, especially a typological distinction between restorative and utopian messianism, this dissertation investigates the relationship between Qumranian sectarian messianic texts and 1) biblical and extra-biblical data, 2) the forms through which the various messianic figures are conceptualized, 3) the socio-political context of the period during which these texts were in use. The dissertation presents four major patterns through which the various messianic ideas were formulated in the Qumran-Essene community, whereas the interpretation of the texts focuses on the issues around the restorative/utopian typology. The analyses reveal an aspect of messianic expectations in Ancient Judaism, marked by the belief in a plurality of agents of salvation endowed with messianic attributes, oscillating between the desire for the restoration of religious and political structures of an ideal past Israel, and the utopian hope aspiring to a dramatically transformed world. Although it is difficult to establish an unanimous, consistent and linear development based on the content and the chronology of the messianic texts, this research demonstrates the general tendency of the historical evolution of Qumranian messianic ideas. It is the combination of several dynamics, namely a critical attitude against the Hasmonean priest-kings, a concern for ritual purity and observance of the Law, and an apocalyptic perspective envisioning a catastrophic transformation leading to a renewal world, which generated the messianic fervor of Qumran-Essene community.

The question leading to this study is whether the facts and theories pertaining to the Bible and Jesus Story as presented by The Authors (H Schonfield, D Joyce, B Thiering, M Baigent, R Leigh, H Lincoln; M Starbird, and D Brown) could be verified by the Archaeology evidence. I have adopted a multidiscipline and holistic approach considering information gathered from all media sources to ascertain what theories, if any could replace the traditional Jesus Story of the New Testament. I considered whether the alternative theories or traditional theories were believable due to the evidence presented by Biblical Archaeology or by the techniques used by The Authors in presenting their facts. By using Thouless’ system of Straight and Crooked thinking I was able to ascertain that the theories used in the novels written by The Authors may have been persuasive, but lacked substance. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M. Th. (Biblical Archaeology)