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Doses de fósforo no acúmulo de nutrientes, na produção e na qualidade de sementes de alface /Kano, Cristiaini, 1977- January 2006 (has links)
Resumo: Devido à escassez de informações relacionadas ao efeito da adubação na produção e qualidade de sementes de hortaliças, principalmente nas espécies que possuem aumento no ciclo com o estádio reprodutivo, nota-se a necessidade de determinar a demanda nutricional e a dose dos nutrientes para auxiliar na recomendação de adubação que proporcione a melhor produtividade de sementes de boa qualidade. Este trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel - UNESP/FCA, São Manuel/SP, localizada à latitude sul de 22o 46, longitude oeste de 48º 34 e altitude de 740 m, no período de 25/09/03 a 19/02/04, com o objetivo de determinar as curvas de acúmulo de nutrientes e avaliar a resposta de doses de fósforo adicionados ao solo na produção e qualidade de sementes de alface cultivar Verônica. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (0; 200; 400; 600 e 800 kg ha-1 de P2O5) e cinco repetições. Foram avaliadas características vegetativas das plantas, acúmulo e teor dos nutrientes no caule + folhas + hastes florais e nas sementes, a produção de sementes (massa e número) por planta e a sua qualidade (germinação e vigor). Os dados foram submetidos às análises de variância e de regressão. Observaram-se aumento linear na massa verde e massa seca das plantas no final do ciclo, com o aumento das doses de P2O5. A ordem decrescente dos nutrientes acumulados pela parte aérea total das plantas de alface para a produção de sementes foi: potássio > nitrogênio > cálcio > magnésio > fósforo > enxofre > ferro > manganês > zinco > boro > cobre e nas sementes essa ordem foi: nitrogênio > fósforo > potássio > magnésio > cálcio > enxofre > ferro > zinco > 2 manganês > cobre > boro. O período de maior demanda da maioria dos macronutrientes foi entre o início do pendoamento e o início do florescimento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Due to the lack of information about the fertilization effect in vegetable seed production and quality, mainly in the species that have an increase cycle in the reproductive stage, a need has been identified to evaluate the nutritional demand and nutrient level to aid in recommending fertilization that provides best productivity from high quality seeds. This study was carried out from September/2003 to February/2004 at São Manuel Experimental Farm UNESP/FCA, in São Manuel, São Paulo State, Brazil, at 22o 46 south latitude, 48º 34 west longitude and at an altitude of 740 m, with the objective to evaluate the nutrients accumulation curves and response of phosphorus added to the soil on the seed production and seed quality of lettuce cultivar Verônica. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete blocks, with five treatments (0; 200; 400; 600; 800 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and five replications. Plant vegetative characteristics, nutrients (accumulation and content) in stem + leaves + flower stalks and seeds, seed yield (mass and number per plant) and seed quality (germination and vigor) were evaluated. The data were submitted to variance and regression analysis. A linear increase in plant fresh mass and plant dry mass was verified at the end of the cycle along with increased P2O5 rates. Nutrients accumulated in the total aerial part of the lettuce plant for seed production were, in descending order: potassium > nitrogen > calcium > magnesium > phosphorus > sulphur > iron > manganese > zinc > boron > copper, while in the seeds the order was: nitrogen > phosphorus > potassium > magnesium > calcium > sulphur > 4 iron > zinc > manganese > copper > boron. The period with the biggest demand for majority of the macronutrients was from the beginning of the stem elongation stage to the beginning of the flowering stage and for the majority of micronutrients, after the beginning of the flowering stage... (Complete abstract, click electroni address below) / Orientador: Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso / Coorientador: Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas / Banca: Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin / Banca: Dirceu Maximino Fernandes / Banca: Arthur Bernardes Cecilio Filho / Banca: Simone da Costa Mello / Doutor
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Effect of Soil Test Values and Fertilization on Corn, Soybean and Wheat Tissue Phosphorus and Potassium ConcentrationsZone, Phoo Pye 22 July 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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Dinâmica do fósforo em ecossistema de pastagem natural submetido à aplicação de fontes de fosfato / Phosphorus dynamics in natural grassland ecosystem submitted to application of phosphate sourcesOliveira, Leandro Bittencourt de 09 January 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The knowledge of P dynamics in grassland ecosystems may be important to
prescription of changes caused by the addition of different sources of phosphate fertilizers in
the P forms of soil, dry matter production and botanical composition of natural grasslands.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of P (a) the availability and forms of
P; (b) total dry matter and contributions in dry matter and (c) dilution curves of P content
from tissue of main species of natural grasslands after the application of different phosphate
sources in three soil types under natural grasslands with or without historical of P
applications. Treatments were P applications as Gafsa rock phosphate, simple superphosphate,
triple superphosphate and control, arranged in randomized blocks with three replicates. In two
experiments located in the city of Candiota - RS (Ultisol and Entisol), 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 were
applied in September 2010. In the experiment of Santa Maria - RS (Alfisol), 180, 90, 100 e
100 kg ha-1 P2O5 were applied in 1997, 1998, 2002 and 2010, respectively, which represent
470 kg ha-1 P2O5. The soil samples (0-10 cm) and herbage mass were evaluated in the spring
and summer after applied the last treatment in each experiment. The Gafsa rock phosphate
showed a potential to increase P availability in soils with low calcium content in natural
grasslands, but increases were higher when superphosphate was used. The application of
phosphate fertilizers in soils under grasslands increases the importance of inorganic fractions
of labile P to the available P to plants, making them less dependent on the mineralization of
organic fractions. The P fertilization response was higher where annual species occurrence
prevailed. In pastures with historical of fertilization, contribution of main species to the total
dry mass of pasture had changed. In Candiota city, species did not grow by a severe drought.
In Santa Maria, species as Paspalum notatum, Aristida laevis and other plants aggregated as
Other Species had increased biomass and P tissue content was diluted over the periods. The
specie Eustachys ulignosa had responded in biomass to soluble phosphate additions. The
evaluated phosphates sources did not alter the N content in the tissue of grassland species. / O conhecimento da dinâmica do fósforo nos ecossistemas campestres pode ser
importante para a prescrição das alterações provocadas pela adição de diferentes fontes de
fertilizantes fosfatados sobre as formas de P no solo, na produção de matéria seca e na
composição botânica das pastagens naturais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a
influência da dinâmica do P (a) na disponibilidade e formas de P no solo; (b) na massa total
de forragem e as contribuições de massa seca e (c) curvas de diluição de P no tecido das
principais espécies componentes das pastagens naturais submetidas à aplicação de diferentes
fontes de fosfato em três solos com e sem histórico de fertilização fosfatada. Os tratamentos
consistiram na aplicação de P nas formas de hiperfostado de Gafsa, superfosfato simples,
superfosfato triplo e testemunha, arranjados em blocos casualizados com três repetições. Nos
dois experimentos instalados em Candiota (Luvissolo Úmbrico e Neossolo Litólico), foram
aplicados 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 em setembro de 2010. No experimento de Santa Maria (Argissolo
Vermelho) foram aplicados 180, 90, 100 e 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 nos anos de 1997, 1998, 2002 e
2010, respectivamente, totalizando 470 kg ha-1 de P2O5. As coletas de solo (camada 0-10 cm)
e as massas de forragem foram avaliadas no período primavera-verão, após a última aplicação
dos tratamentos em cada experimento. O hiperfosfato de Gafsa demonstrou ter potencial de
disponibilização de P em solos ácidos com baixo teor de cálcio sob pastagens naturais, mas a
disponibilização de P obtida com os superfosfatos foi maior. A aplicação de fertilizantes
fosfatados em solos pobres sob pastagens naturais aumenta a importância das frações
inorgânicas lábeis de P na disponibilização de P para as plantas, tornando-as menos
dependentes da mineralização das frações orgânicas. A resposta da pastagem natural à
fertilização fosfatada foi maior onde havia significativa contribuição de espécies anuais. O
histórico de adição de fertilizantes fosfatados solúveis alterou a contribuição das principais
espécies na massa seca total das pastagens naturais. Em Candiota, as espécies não
apresentaram crescimento em função de forte estiagem. Em Santa Maria, as espécies
Paspalum notatum, Aristida laevis e o componente Outras Espécies aumentaram a biomassa
aérea e diluíram P do tecido ao longo dos períodos avaliados. A espécie Eustachys ulignosa
respondeu a adição de fosfato solúvel. As fontes de fosfatos avaliados não alteraram o teor de
N no tecido das plantas.
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Dynamika toků uhlíku a fosforu v arbuskulární mykorrhizní symbióze / Dynamics of carbon and phosphorus flows in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosisKonvalinková, Tereza January 2017 (has links)
Dynamics of carbon and phosphorus flows in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis Mgr. Tereza Konvalinková (doctoral thesis) Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread and highly specialized root symbionts, which gain all of their carbon (C) from the hosts, supplying plants with mineral nutrients (particularly with phosphorus, P) in return. This thesis focuses on the size and flexibility of C and P flows in arbuscular mycorrhiza in relation to environmental conditions, in particular to light and P availability. The indications that the symbiotic flows are regulated actively by both partners are discussed. The main findings are presented as a compilation of separate scientific works (two research articles, one review and one book section). A glasshouse experiment has shown that both mycorrhizal benefits and mycorrhizal colonization of medic (Medicago truncatula) by an AMF species (R. irregularis) decline along the gradient of decreasing light intensity. Interestingly, morphological adaptation of medic to the long-term light deprivation was boosted by mycorrhiza, probably because of C demand of AMF and due to the improved nutrition of the mycorrhizal plants. On the other hand, sudden 6-day shading caused rapid decline of shoot P content of mycorrhizal plants, accompanied with the accumulation of P...
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Ausprägung wichtiger Eigenschaften für die generative Vermehrung einer gartenbaulichen Modell-Kultur unter dem Einfluss von Genotyp und UmweltGhanem, Ghofran 18 November 2011 (has links)
Die vorliegende Arbeit prüft bei der gärtnerischen Modell-Kultur Cyclamen den Einfluss des Genotyps (interspezifische Hybriden) auf generative Merkmale sowie bei C. persicum `Melody´ den Einfluss von Kultivierungsmaßnahmen wie die Besiedelung der Wurzeln durch einen symbiontischen Pilz (Piriformospora indica) in Kombination mit einem differenzierten Phosphor-Angebot auf vegetative und generative Merkmale: (1) Pflanzendurchmesser, (2) Blühzeitpunkt und Blütenanzahl, (3) Anzahl Samenanlagen pro Fruchtknoten, (4) Vitalität von Pollen und Samenanlagen, (5) Mikrosporogenese, (6) Befruchtungsvorgang (Pollenschlauchwachstum, Anteil Fruchtknoten mit Pollenschläuchen, Anzahl Pollenschläuche im Griffel und Penetration der Pollenschläuche in die Micropyle), (7) abortierte Blüten nach der Bestäubung (8) Samenbildung und (9) Samenanzahl. / The present paper investigates Cyclamen as an horticultural model-culture. A main Focus is on the characteristics of the Cyclamen genotype, notably with interspecific hybrids. Further, Cyclamen persicum cv. served as a model to analyse effects on parameters of pollination, seed development and number of ovules per ovary, which are caused by a root colonization of the seed bearer with the symbiotic fungus Piriformospora indica (Piri) in combination with a differentiated phosphorus supply. In this regard, plant diameter, flowering time and flower number, the viability of pollen and ovules, the microsporogenesis, the growth of pollen tubes, the seed formation and the seed count were considered among important parameters of pollination and seed development.
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