<p>Chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL) are on a raising trend in the world regardless of age, economic class or geographical location of a population. The mortality rate associated with CDL is alarmingly among the highest globally. Tanzania is not exempted from this development. Literature indicates that physical activity is a health practice that can prevent CDL. It is recommended that medical practitioners should hold the responsibility of counselling patients on physical activity. Some studies outside Africa found an association between doctors&rsquo / physical activity patterns and their counselling practices on the same. This study therefore sought to establish whether physical inactivity among medical&nbsp / doctors in Tanzania significantly influenced their counselling practices on physical activity. A cross sectional quantitative survey at the Muhimbili National Hospital and Muhimbili Orthopedic Institute was conducted to derive the required information. A self administered structured questionnaire was voluntarily answered by 144 medical doctors. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 was used for data capturing and analysis. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize data and was expressed as means, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. The students&rsquo / t-test was used to compare mean physical activity between different groups. Furthermore students&rsquo / t-test and analysis of variance tests were used to examine association between different variables. Chisquare tests were used to test for associations between categorical variables. Alpha level was set at p&lt / 0.05. Most of the participants in this study were sedentary in their leisure time and only active at work. When their quality of&nbsp / physical activity counselling was assessed, the majority of them were found to be poor physical activity counsellors. A significant association was found between physical activity and age, as well as physical activity and counselling practice (p&lt / 0.05). Participants mostly informed their patients about the intensity and duration of exercising more than any other idea of physical activity such as types of exercises, issuing of a written prescription and planning for a follow up. Lack of knowledge and experience about details of physical activity were reasons offered for failure to counsel. Participants also reported the inconvenience of physical activity facility&rsquo / s schedules, fatigue and tiredness to be their&nbsp / barriers to physical activity participation. Doctors in Tanzania lacked personal initiative to participate in physical activity and consequently lacked the motivation to counsel.&nbsp / Measures around enhancing this health practice should be enhanced by all stakeholders including medical doctors, physiotherapists and patients. The need for short term and&nbsp / long term training in matters related to physical activity are therefore necessary among the practicing doctors and those undergoing training in medical schools. Physiotherapists who are trained in movement science can offer valuable advice/information to medical doctors to ensure that medical doctors acquire physical activity prescription and&nbsp / counselling knowledge. Collaboration between stakeholders in campaigning against sedentary lifestyles should be enhanced. Further reasons for failure to counsel, hindrances to physical activity participation and modern approaches to counselling should be explored.<br /> &nbsp / </p>

<p>Chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL) are on a raising trend in the world regardless of age, economic class or geographical location of a population. The mortality rate associated with CDL is alarmingly among the highest globally. Tanzania is not exempted from this development. Literature indicates that physical activity is a health practice that can prevent CDL. It is recommended that medical practitioners should hold the responsibility of counselling patients on physical activity. Some studies outside Africa found an association between doctors&rsquo / physical activity patterns and their counselling practices on the same. This study therefore sought to establish whether physical inactivity among medical&nbsp / doctors in Tanzania significantly influenced their counselling practices on physical activity. A cross sectional quantitative survey at the Muhimbili National Hospital and Muhimbili Orthopedic Institute was conducted to derive the required information. A self administered structured questionnaire was voluntarily answered by 144 medical doctors. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 was used for data capturing and analysis. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize data and was expressed as means, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. The students&rsquo / t-test was used to compare mean physical activity between different groups. Furthermore students&rsquo / t-test and analysis of variance tests were used to examine association between different variables. Chisquare tests were used to test for associations between categorical variables. Alpha level was set at p&lt / 0.05. Most of the participants in this study were sedentary in their leisure time and only active at work. When their quality of&nbsp / physical activity counselling was assessed, the majority of them were found to be poor physical activity counsellors. A significant association was found between physical activity and age, as well as physical activity and counselling practice (p&lt / 0.05). Participants mostly informed their patients about the intensity and duration of exercising more than any other idea of physical activity such as types of exercises, issuing of a written prescription and planning for a follow up. Lack of knowledge and experience about details of physical activity were reasons offered for failure to counsel. Participants also reported the inconvenience of physical activity facility&rsquo / s schedules, fatigue and tiredness to be their&nbsp / barriers to physical activity participation. Doctors in Tanzania lacked personal initiative to participate in physical activity and consequently lacked the motivation to counsel.&nbsp / Measures around enhancing this health practice should be enhanced by all stakeholders including medical doctors, physiotherapists and patients. The need for short term and&nbsp / long term training in matters related to physical activity are therefore necessary among the practicing doctors and those undergoing training in medical schools. Physiotherapists who are trained in movement science can offer valuable advice/information to medical doctors to ensure that medical doctors acquire physical activity prescription and&nbsp / counselling knowledge. Collaboration between stakeholders in campaigning against sedentary lifestyles should be enhanced. Further reasons for failure to counsel, hindrances to physical activity participation and modern approaches to counselling should be explored.<br /> &nbsp / </p>

<p>Physical inactivity has become a global health concern and is among the 10 leading causes of death and disability. This has led to increased concern for chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL).&nbsp / Studies have revealed that regular physical activity is effective in combating several CDL such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension and obesity. Physiotherapists are in a&nbsp / position to combat inactivity and effectively promote physical activity to their clients. Studies however have shown that participation in physical activity among physiotherapists could have an&nbsp / impact on the promotion of physical activity and their health practices. This study therefore sought to establish the relationship between physical activity levels of physiotherapists and their&nbsp / physical&nbsp / activity promotion strategies and barriers to promoting physical activity. Sequential Mixed Method Design was used in this study. Data was collected by means of a self administered&nbsp / questionnaire and a total of 92 physiotherapists voluntarily answered the questionnaire. A focus group discussion comprising of 10 purposively selected physiotherapists was conducted. The&nbsp / questionnaire assessed physical activity levels&nbsp / and physical activity promoting strategies of the participants while the focus groupdiscussion looked at the barriers to promoting physical&nbsp / activity. The Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18 was used for data capturing and analysis. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize demographic information&nbsp / as means, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics (chi-square) was used to test the associations between different categorical variables (p&lt / 0.05). For the qualitative data, focus group discussions were used to collect data. Tape recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, field notes typed, sorting and arranging data was done and themes&nbsp / &nbsp / were generated. Thematic analysis was then done under the generated themes. Ethical issues pertaining to informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality and the right to withdraw from the&nbsp / study were respected in this current study. The findings in the current study revealed that a big number of the participants were physical active both at work and recreation domains. However,&nbsp / there was no statistically significant association between physical activity and the demographicvariables. The results in this study revealed that the majority of participants were good&nbsp / physical activity promoting practices, although there was no significant association between physical activity levels and the physical activity promoting practices. The finding in this study revealed that discussing physical&nbsp / activity and giving out information regarding physical activity to their clients were the most common methods used in promoting physical activity. However, participants also highlighted barriers they&nbsp / ace in promotion of physical activity such as policies on physical activity, cultural influence, nature of work, time management as well as environmental barriers. The study demonstrates the&nbsp / need for all stakeholders to come up with solutions to break the barriers to promotion of physical activity. In return it will bring about enormous health&nbsp / benefits to the general population.</p>

<p>Physical inactivity has become a global health concern and is among the 10 leading causes of death and disability. This has led to increased concern for chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL).&nbsp / Studies have revealed that regular physical activity is effective in combating several CDL such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension and obesity. Physiotherapists are in a&nbsp / position to combat inactivity and effectively promote physical activity to their clients. Studies however have shown that participation in physical activity among physiotherapists could have an&nbsp / impact on the promotion of physical activity and their health practices. This study therefore sought to establish the relationship between physical activity levels of physiotherapists and their&nbsp / physical&nbsp / activity promotion strategies and barriers to promoting physical activity. Sequential Mixed Method Design was used in this study. Data was collected by means of a self administered&nbsp / questionnaire and a total of 92 physiotherapists voluntarily answered the questionnaire. A focus group discussion comprising of 10 purposively selected physiotherapists was conducted. The&nbsp / questionnaire assessed physical activity levels&nbsp / and physical activity promoting strategies of the participants while the focus groupdiscussion looked at the barriers to promoting physical&nbsp / activity. The Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18 was used for data capturing and analysis. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize demographic information&nbsp / as means, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics (chi-square) was used to test the associations between different categorical variables (p&lt / 0.05). For the qualitative data, focus group discussions were used to collect data. Tape recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, field notes typed, sorting and arranging data was done and themes&nbsp / &nbsp / were generated. Thematic analysis was then done under the generated themes. Ethical issues pertaining to informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality and the right to withdraw from the&nbsp / study were respected in this current study. The findings in the current study revealed that a big number of the participants were physical active both at work and recreation domains. However,&nbsp / there was no statistically significant association between physical activity and the demographicvariables. The results in this study revealed that the majority of participants were good&nbsp / physical activity promoting practices, although there was no significant association between physical activity levels and the physical activity promoting practices. The finding in this study revealed that discussing physical&nbsp / activity and giving out information regarding physical activity to their clients were the most common methods used in promoting physical activity. However, participants also highlighted barriers they&nbsp / ace in promotion of physical activity such as policies on physical activity, cultural influence, nature of work, time management as well as environmental barriers. The study demonstrates the&nbsp / need for all stakeholders to come up with solutions to break the barriers to promotion of physical activity. In return it will bring about enormous health&nbsp / benefits to the general population.</p>

A significant problem of the 21st century, across different countries, is currently insufficient physical activity and a large increase in obesity . Influence of physical impairment on the prevalence of obesity is proven. At this time the physical activity is not sufficient for biological needs of man and as a result of this is a threat to the human species. With the alarming rise of health problems, which results from improper lifestyle , against all the progress in medical science, these conditions are a reality of modern civilization. Physical activity with its health benefits is one of the key topics of health education. In this thesis, the state of physical activity among female students of The Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, both day and part-time bachelor's and master's degree program is monitored by using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The theoretical part deals with concepts such as physical activity and a summary of the activities practiced out in a unit of time and definition and classification of them. Another two chapters are devoted to the health benefits of physical activity and another aspects of physical activity in relation to health. The practical part of this thesis analyzes in detail the results of the standardized questionnaire IPAQ, which monitors the activity of the individual within seven days. Female Students responded to 27 questions , which were divided into four part evaluation exercise. A separate part of the evaluation was the time spent sitting and personal anamnesis of the respondent. The evaluation was processed using simple statistical method and recorded in a bar graph.

Orientador: Maria Beatriz Rocha Ferreira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T17:27:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_AluisioFernandesde_M.pdf: 4888385 bytes, checksum: fec4eed43604c966463ce5662f6be09f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Pertencentes ao grupo étnico Guaná e à família lingüística Aruák, os Terena foram um dos subgrupos que migraram no século 19 para as terras que atualmente correspondem ao Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Tiveram bom relacionamento com a sociedade urbana local até a Guerra do Paraguai, que desencadeou conflitos por terras, criando uma situação de espoliação territorial que não apenas extraiu da etnia o espaço necessário para reproduzir seus hábitos, como também os colocou mais próximos de áreas urbanas. Em recente diagnóstico da Fundação Nacional de Saúde - FUNASA (2003) observouse aumento dos casos de Diabetes Mellitus e pressão alta entre os indígenas da região, mais intensamente entre os Terena. Em 2004, outro estudo denominado Avaliação Antropométrica entre os Terena da Aldeia Limão Verde no Município de Aquidauana (n=161), diagnosticou sobrepeso e obesidade em 60% dos pesquisados. Sabe-se que indivíduos inativos fisicamente têm maior propensão ao desenvolvimento de agravos à saúde, advindo daí o interesse, problematizado pela questão: Qual o nível de Atividade Física (AF) presente entre os Terena do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul? Assim, foi desenvolvido o levantamento do percurso histórico da AF na etnia Terena, por meio de uma metodologia voltada à cosmologia, que empreendeu o conhecimento de aspectos como história étnica, mitos e territorialidade, contextualizados à análise da AF, principalmente a cotidiana e de subsistência, assim como a compreensão de atividades como Jogo e Esporte na etnia. Foram campos de pesquisa as aldeias Buriti e Córrego do Meio, do Pólo-Base de Sidrolândia - MS. Os instrumentos utilizados foram questionários quali-quantitativos aplicados aos Líderes Esportivos (n=04) e Jovens Adultos Terena de ambos os sexos (n=79) e aplicaçãO' do lnternational Physical Activity Questionnaire IP AQ, na versão 6 - visando estimar o nível de AF entre Jovens Adultos Terena. Entrevistas Informais foram utilizadas para complementar as informações dos questionários formais'.. Os dados coletados receberam tratamento estatístico pelos so.ftwares SPSS@ Versão 11 e Microsoft Excel@ versão 2007. Foram obtidas as seguintes conclusões: há maior flexibilização na organização social Terena; as aldeias têm in:&a-estrutura de saúde e serviços básicos, com moradias similares às existentes em zonas rurais; houve redução nas atividades de extrativismo, junto à resignificação de algumas de suas modalidades; a criação de pequenos animais junto da agricultura são as principais atividades de subsistência da etnia, com predominffhcia da avicultura; os hábitos e preferência alimentar se mostraram similares aos do homem urbano; as mulheres evidenciaram ser o grupo de maior incidência de sobrepeso e obesidade; os jogos tradicionais conhecidos e praticados na etnia são jogos como argolinha, arco e flecha e dança; os esportes são amplamente praticados no cotidiano da etnia, particularmente o futebol e o voleibol e por fim, os níveis de AF mensurados por meio do IPAQ indicaram o grupo pesquisado como Ativos e Muito Ativos fisicamente - resultado ocasionado provavelmente pela prática :&eqüente de caminhada e pedalada dentro da rotina cotidiana, resultado que remete à necessidade de desenvolvimento pé outros estudos relacionados à validação do IPAQ entre os Povos Indígenas, procurando confirmar os achados deste estudo / Abstract: Belonging to the ethnic group Guana and to the linguistic family Aruák, the Terena were one of the subgroups who migrated to the, now known, state of Mato Grosso do Sul during the XIX Century. They had a good relationship with the local urban society until the war between Brazil and Paraguay, which caused a lot of dispute for land, creating a situation of property spoliation that had not only taken them from the place where they could keep their habits, but had also pushed them near to the urban areas. In a recent study from the Brazilian National Health Foundation - FUNASA (2003) an increase of Diabetes Mellitus and High Blood Pressure was seen among Indians from that region, with more intensity among the Terena. In 2004, another study known as Anthropometric Evaluation of the Terena Village Limao Verde in the municipality of Aquidauana (n= 161), found 60% of the subjects as overweight or obese. It' s known that those who do not perform any physical activity have greater chance to develop health problems. So in this matter was the interest based, and presented with the following question: What is the level of Physical Activity (PA) among the Terena from Mato Grosso do Sul? Thus, was developed a research about the historical habits of PA among them through a cosmologic method, which explored the knowledge ofthe ethnic's history, myths and territorialism, contextualized to analyze the PA, mainly of daily and subsistence activities, as well as the understanding of games and sports among them. The villages studied were the ones from Buriti and Corrego do Meio, from the Sidrolandia county in the Mato Grosso do Sul state. The instruments used were quali-quantitative questionnaires applied to the sport's leaders (n=04) and Terena young adults of both sexes (n=79), and the applicatíon of the Intemational Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ, version 6 - aiming for the level of PA among Terena young adults. Informal interviews were done to complement the results from the fonnal methods. The data was formatted in a statistical way through the software SPSS@ version 11 and MS-Excel@ version 2007. the following conclusions were obtained: there is a greater flexibility in the Terella's social organization; the villages have health system and basic services, with dwellings to those from rural areas; there has been a decrease in extracting activities, together with the adapting of some modalities; raising small animals along the fields are their main subsistence activities, with predominance to poultry; the eating habits and preferences were shown similar to the urban society; women were found to be the group with more cases of overweight and obesity; the traditional games known and practiced are games like throwing hoops, arrow shooting and dance; sports are widely practiced among them in a regular basis, particularly soccer and volleyball. Finally the level of PA measured by the IP AQ found the studied groups to be physically active or very active - finding, probably resulting from daily biking and walking, which gives us the necessity of performing other studies related to the IP AQ validation among Indians, trying to confirm the findings of this study / Mestrado / Atividade Fisica, Adaptação e Saude / Doutor em Educação Física

This thesis deals with the topic: "Physical activity of persons employed with a focus on the teaching profession." In the theoretical part concepts related to history and the intensity of teaching, teachers and related mental stress health risks. are characterized. We also deal with the influence of physical activity on human health, and the ability to reduce the occurrence of various health risks. The aim of the thesis is to monitor physical activity among teachers in kindergarten, Basic school, including school with small classes and high school. It is assessed on the basis of a standardized questionnaire IPAQ-long and by monitoring using pedometers Yamax Digiwalker SW 700th The results found physical activity are compared with recommendations for physical activity and divided into categories according to the classification PA Tudor-Locke and Bassett.

The thesis called Children and Youth Olympics: Analysis of time series of first-grade pupils' sports performance deals with the importance of physical activities of junior pupils attending elementary schools. The aim of this thesis is to describe the current status of children's physical capability as it is reported in professional literature. The data found there are compared with the children's physical ability performance measured in the case of the first-grade pupils at elementary schools. The thesis is focused on describing the Czech Olympic Committee project which is called Children and Youth Olympics. A unique sports event is derived from it - Velké Opatovice First- Grade Children Olympics. The text deals with the importance of sports, physical and olympic education and their integration in the Framework Education Program for the Basic Education. The research part of the thesis contains the analysis of the youngest pupils' sports performance. It introduces the data gathered from the First-grade Children Olympics result lists. They are in the form of the sports results linear trends from the period 2000 - 2017. The events in question are 50 and 400 metres run, cricket ball throw and long jump from the site. The research results have shown the improvement in running. It means in the speed and...

Physical inactivity is a growing public health problem in the 21st century. A large proportion of the adult and adolescent population is not achieving recommended levels of physical activity which has significant consequences for both the individual and our society. With no evidence that the levels of physical inactivity will improve in the future, traditional methods of addressing this problem have evidently proven ineffective. A relatively new and promising approach to this problem that has become increasingly important in recent years is smartphone-based behavioral interventions to promote physical activity and other health-related behaviors. While several studies have shown many positive and promising results with this approach, other studies have also shown that the method is not completely understood. For instance, research shows that many of the health and fitness applications available today do not adequately adhere to behavior change strategies or health-related research, suggesting that these applications are not reaching their fullest potential. The goal of this study was to develop and evaluate an application to promote physical activity that was aligned with such research. A high-fidelity prototype based on the Behaviour Change Wheel was developed in Adobe XD and later evaluated by four participants. The outcome of the evaluation indicated that the developed prototype was well received overall, and participants believed it would trigger the desired behavior change of an increase in physical activity. However, due to the study limitations of unrepresentative participants and evaluation environment, time frame and application levels, nothing was truly proven in this regard. Further improvement of the prototype and future studies are needed to evaluate the prototype more accurately. / Fysisk inaktivitet är ett växande hälsoproblem för vårt samhälle under 2000-talet. En stor andel av vuxna och ungdomar uppnår inte rekommenderade hälsonivåer för fysiska aktivitet vilket har påtagliga konsekvenser för både individ och samhälle. Utan några forskningsbevis på att nivåerna för fysisk inaktivitet kommer att förbättras i framtiden har traditionella metoder för att motverka detta problem skenbarligen visats sig vara ineffektiva. Ett relativt nytt och lovande tillvägagångssätt för problemet som blivit alltmer relevant under de senaste åren är smartphonebaserade beteendeinterventioner för att främja fysisk aktivitet och andra hälsorelaterade beteenden. Medan ett flertal studier visat många positiva påföljder och lovande resultat med detta tillvägagångssätt, har andra studier samtidigt visat att metoden inte är helt förstådd och otillräckligt efterforskad. Bland annat visar forskning att många av dagens tillgängliga hälso- och träningsapplikationer inte optimalt följer riktlinjer för vare sig beteendeförändringsstrategier eller hälsorelaterad forskning, vilket antyder att dessa applikationer inte uppnår sin fulla potential. Målet med denna studie var att utveckla och utvärdera en applikation för att främja fysisk aktivitet som var baserad på sådan forskning. En prototyp av hög funktionsnivå baserad på The Behaviour Change Wheel utvecklades i Adobe XD och utvärderades av fyra deltagare. Resultatet från utvärderingen pekade mot att den utvecklade prototypen var väl uppskattad av deltagarna som även ansåg att prototypen skulle framkalla den önskade beteendeförändringen för ökad fysisk aktivitet. Emellertid, på grund av studiebegränsningarna med bland annat icke-representativa deltagare och utvärderingsförhållanden, tidsram samt applikationens funktionsnivå, kunde inte något absolut bevis framläggas i detta avseende. Ytterligare förbättringar av prototypen och framtida studier är nödvändiga för att utvärdera prototypen mer exakt.