Darbo objektas – fizinio aktyvumo, sveikatos bei savęs vertinimo ryšys su laiku, praleidžiamu prie TV ir kompiuterio. Tyrimo problema. Medikams ir sveikatos specialistams nerimą kelia blogėjanti moksleivių sveikata (Zaborskis ir Makari, 2001; Goštautas ir Šeibokaitė, 2006; Zaborskis ir Vareikienė, 2008). Lyginant Lietuvos 1994 ir 1998 metų tyrimo duomenis su kitų šalių duomenimis, nustatyta didelė nepakankamai fiziškai aktyvių paauglių dalis. Lietuva, pagal nepakankamai fiziškai aktyvių moksleivių dalį, užima paskutiniąsias vietas (Zaborskis ir Makari, 2001). Daugėja moksleivių, laiką leidžiančių prie kompiuterio ir televizoriaus ekranų. 2002 metų tyrimo duomenimis, 50,4 proc. Lietuvos berniukų ir 64,4 proc. mergaičių yra nepakankamai fiziškai aktyvūs (Zaborskis ir Lenciauskienė, 2006). Tyrimų duomenimis maždaug kas trečias (32,2 proc.) 11, 13 ir 15 metų moksleivis savo sveikatą vertina patenkinamai arba blogai (Zaborskis ir Vareikien, 2008). Nepakankamo fizinio aktyvumo ir sveikatos sutrikimų priežasčių reikėtų ieškoti analizuojant šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje populiariausių informacinių technologijų, tokių kaip televizija ir kompiuteris, naudojimo paplitimą tarp moksleivių. Esami tyrimų rezultatai pagrindžia problemos aktualumą ir skatina šios srities mokslinius tyrimus. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti moksleivių fizinio aktyvumo, sveikatos bei savęs vertinimo ryšį su laiku, praleidžiamu prie TV ir kompiuterio. Darbo uždaviniai: 1) Nustatyti moksleivių fizinį aktyvumą lyties... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of work – relation of physical activity, health and self-evaluation with time spent at TV and computer. Problem of research. Doctors and health experts have worries about the worsening health of students (Zaborskis and Makari, 2001; Goštautas and Šeibokaitė, 2006; Zaborskis and Vareikienė, 2008). When comparing the research data of 1994 and 1998 with the data in other countries, a big part of physically inactive students has been observed. According to the part of physically inactive students, Lithuania takes the last places (Zaborskis and Makari, 2001). The number of students spending time at the computer and TV is increasing. According to the 2002 research, 50,4 per cent of Lithuania’s boys and 64,4 per cent of Lithuania’s girls are not sufficiently active (Zaborskis and Lenciauskienė, 2006). According to the survey, nearly every third (32.2 per cent) of students aged 11, 13 and 15 evaluate their health as satisfactory or bad (Zaborskis and Vareikienė, 2008). Such results show the actuality of the problem and encourage research in this field. The lack of physical activity and health disorders reasons must be sought in today's society information technologies such as analyze the prevalence of use television and computer among school children. Current research results support the relevance of the problemandencourage research in this area. Aim of work - to define the relation of physical activity, health and self-evaluation with time spent at TV and computer. Objectives... [to full text]

Studies have highlighted the prevalence of sedentary behaviours in the university student population and have noted the significant potential for the promotion of physical activity in educational settings for young adults. Following the epidemiological procedure and ecological approach, the main purpose of this thesis focused on the university student population to review the previous research results by a systematic review method (first study), to compare the differences between UK and Taiwanese participants' and relevant effective variables by using a quantitative study method (second study), to have a deeper understanding of the Taiwanese university students' physical activity behaviours by using a qualitative study method (third study), then to evaluate the efficiency of designed interventions in university settings (fourth study). The whole thesis applied the ecological approach to classify the survey variables' effect to university students' physical activity behaviours. A total of 55 published papers were reviewed and majority of studies were conducted in the US using a cross-sectional design. Finding variables consistently related to university students physical activity level were female gender(-), attitude self-efficacy perceived barrier (-), family support (+), physical activity and sport history (+). These survey variables were more consistent in the literature and corresponded to previous adults' study. Some survey variables linked to university student were also found in the literature but still need more studies for this target population to come to a robust conclusion. Seven days recall design measurement and stage of changes survey for physical activity levels were more identified and have been more frequent using in the reviewed papers. Also, more studies on different ethnicity, environmental variables and intervention with different methodology such as qualitative study method are needed to enrich the knowledge of university's students' physical activity behaviours.

<p>Radi obezbeđivanja okruženja koje podstiče zdravlje i zdrave izbore, značajni istraživački napori usmeravaju se u pravcu pronalaženja efektivnih modela promocije fizičke aktivnosti i blagostanja dece tokom boravka u &scaron;koli.<br />Imajući u vidu nedostatak odgovarajućih istraživanja u na&scaron;oj sredini, sprovedeno je istraživanje sa ciljem da se ispitaju efekti dva inovativna modela &scaron;kolskog odmora na psihosomatski status učenika mlađeg &scaron;kolskog uzrasta i nasilje u &scaron;koli.<br />U prvoj interventnoj grupi (I1), ispitanicima su svakodnevno bili dostupni rekviziti za vežbanje, u drugoj interventnoj grupi (I2) je svakodnevno realizovan strukturirani program vežbanja, dok su se ispitanici kontrolne grupe (K) tokom velikog odmora bavili aktivnostima po svom izboru. Intervencije su trajale dva meseca.<br />Pripadnost grupi (I1, I2, K) predstavljala je nezavisnu istraživačku varijablu, dok su zavisne istraživačke varijable bile: fizička aktivnost učenika tokom odmora, morfolo&scaron;ke i motoričke karakteristike učenika, konativne karakteristike (samo-vrednovanje i optimizam), zdravstveni status (izostajanje iz &scaron;kole zbog bolesti) i nasilje u &scaron;koli (učestvovanje učenika u nasilju i izloženost nasilju). Za prikupljanje podataka kori&scaron;ćena je antropometrijska metoda, motoričko testiranje, upitnici (skale), sistematsko posmatranje i analiza &scaron;kolskih dokumenata. Dobijeni podaci obrađeni su odgovarajućim statističkim metodama.<br />Rezultati pokazuju da različiti modeli &scaron;kolskog odmora mogu imati različite efekte na različite aspekte psihosomatskog statusa učenika i nasilje u &scaron;koli. Potrebno je dalje ispitivati modele koji bi bili efektivni u transformaciji psihosomatskog statusa učenika i optimizaciji &scaron;kolske klime.</p> / <p>In order to provide an environment that enhances health and healthy choices, significant research efforts are put in identifying effective models of children&rsquo;s wellbeing and physical activity promotion while in school.<br />Bearing in mind an existing research gap, the study was conducted with an aim to examine effects that two innovative models of recess have on the psycho-somatic status of students and violence in school.<br />In first intervention group (I1), participants were provided with exercise equipment during recess, in the second intervention group (I2) structured exercise program was delivered every day, while participants from the control group (C) have spent recess on their own. The interventions took two months.<br />Group affiliation (I1, I2, C) was the independent variable, and the dependent variables were: students&rsquo; physical activity during recess, anthropometric and motor characteristics, conative characteristics (self-evaluations, optimism), health status (school absences because of medical reasons), school violence (students being perpetrators/victims). Data was gathered by anthropometry, motor testing, questionnaires (scales), observation and school document analysis. The data was analyzed by proper statistical procedures.<br />The results show that different recess models may have different effects on different aspects of students&rsquo; psycho-somatic status and school violence. Further examination of models effective in the transformation of the psycho-somatic status of students and optimization of school climate is needed.</p>