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RESPONSE OF THE TEPARY BEAN PHASEOLUS ACUTIFOLIUS A. GREY, TO TISSUE CULTURE SYSTEMSLormand, Katherine Bradbury, 1961- January 1987 (has links)
The responses of the tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) to in vitro tissue culture systems were documented. Tests were conducted to identify the optimal auxin and cytokinin combinations required for optimal callus growth. Regeneration experiments were conducted to: (1) determine the effect of explant source and age on regeneration, (2) effect of callus age on regeneration, (3) the cultivation status of the explant source, and (4) the effects of nutritional additives on somatic embryogenesis. The callus was easily induced and maintained in all hormonal medias except those containing IAA and 6BA. The results for regeneration were most promising from cultures derived from immature cotyledon tissue. Ammonium Chloride, glutamine and Absisic acid appeared to have little affect on embryogenesis, however the addition of kinetin enabled the embryos to develop to the torpedo stage. Callus age and cultivative status of explant source had no effects on plantlet regeneration.
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In vitro propagation of selected plants of Baccharis sarothroides Gray x B. pilularis consanguinea WolfSatur, Paulette Marie January 1979 (has links)
No description available.
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In vitro culture of excised roots, Sorghum vulgare var. sudaneseLee, Susan Huderle, 1937- January 1959 (has links)
No description available.
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The regeneration of Hypoxis rooperi S. Moore and production of hypoxoside in vitro.Page, Yvonne Margaret. January 1984 (has links)
Against the background of the increasing pharmaceutical importance of
members of the genus Hypoxis L., methods for propagating these plants
and for producing hypoxoside (the believed active compound found within
Hypoxis species) using in vitro techniques, were investigated. These
investigations were accompanied by anatomical observations. Hypoxis
rooperi S. Moore was selected as experimental material because of its
availability and common usage among researchers studying the genus
Hypoxis.
Two aseptic procedures were developed for propagating H. rooperi. These
being the only procedures as yet to be established and documented,
using a member of the family Hypoxidaceae. The first procedure involved
the induction of callus and adventitious shoots from flower bud explants
of H. rooperi . For this response to be initiated, the buds selected for
culture had to be of a specific morphological and physiological age.
The best medium determined for inducing a callusing and shooting
response from these explants, was a MURASHIGE and SKOOG (1962)
medium supplemented with low levels of I-naphthalene acetic acid and
high levels of 6-benzylaminopurine. The rate of this response was
enhanced by the wounding of flower bud explants (i.e. by the excision
of the perianth segments, stamens and style from the buds). Investigations
indicated that callus and adventitious shoot formation was inhibited by
the acropetal positioning of damaged flower buds on the culture medium.
This inhibition was not manifest when buds were placed basipetally or
horizontally on the culture medium. Flower bud harvest time was not
found to have a marked effect upon the numbers of explants responding
in culture. On average 37,5 per cent of the buds formed callus and
adventitious shoots throughout the flowering season.
The subculturing of callus tissue established from H. rooperi flower buds,
onto a MURASHIGE and SKOOG (1962) medium supplemented with the
same hormone levels as were initially used to induce callus and shoot
formation, resulted in the production of multiple adventitious shoots.
Serial subculturing of this tissue indicated that the shoot producing
capacity of the callus, was maintained for at least a year. Shoots produced via this method, when inoculated onto a hormone-free culture
medium, formed roots. Seventy-five per cent of the plantlets regeneratro
in vitro were successfully "hardened-off". Theoretically it was calculated
that using the micropropagation procedure developed, almost 81000 H. rooperi
plantlets could be established from 100 flower bud explants, within a
year.
The second aseptic procedure developed, involved the culturing of explants
excised from the primary thickening meristem region of H. rooperi corms.
The best medium determined for inducing the formation of adventitious
shoots from these explants, was a MURASHIGE and SKOOG ( 1962)
nutrient solution supplemented with: equivalent low concentrations of
I-naphthalene acetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine; 30 rather than 20
or 40 gl¯¹ sucrose; and 1,0 gl¯¹ casein hydrolysate. Random as opposed
to a basal or side positioning of corm explants upon the culture medium,
resulted in higher numbers of adventitious shoots being produced. The
location of explant excision from within the donor plant was also found
to influence shoot productivity. No significant difference was detected
in the total number of shoots produced from corm explants harvested
at various times of the year.
The rooting of shoots differentiated from corm explants posed few
problems, as most shooted explants eventually formed roots without
being subcultured. Those which did not form roots could be induced to
do so, by the inoculation of the shooted explants onto a culture medium
either devoid of hormones or containing low I-naphthalene acetic acid
levels. Following a rather simple procedure developed, ninety per cent
of the plantlets were "hardened-off". From 100 corm explants it was
therefore possible to regenerate 104 to 112 plantlets within a 3 to 4,5
month period.
Prior to the assessment of the usefulness of in vitro cultures for producing
hypoxoside, qualitative and quantitative techniques for detecting hypoxoside,
were developed. Using these techniques it was established that only the
root-like types of cultured tissue, contained hypoxoside. The levels of
hypoxoside detected within these tissues were much lower than those
found within mature in vivo grown plants. Using the cultured tissue containing the highest levels of hypoxoside, it was shown that the subculturing
of this tissue resulted in a decrease in hypoxoside content. This
effect could be overcome by lowering the levels of nitrogen in the medium
or by culturing the tissue in the dark. These results showed that the
cultured tissue was able to synthesize hypoxoside. To what extent this
synthetic rate can be increased remains very much an academic problem
and one which deserves more attention. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1984.
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Role of glutathione transferases in herbicide detoxification in weedsHatton, Pamela J. January 1996 (has links)
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) catalyse the conjugation of the electrophilic herbicides atrazine, metolachlor, alachlor and fluorodifen with the tripeptide glutathione (GSH). Maize (Zea mays L), contains multiple GSTs with differing substrate specificities which confer tolerance to a variety of herbicides. In contrast far less is known regarding the GSTs in competing weed species. In vivo metabolism studies using seedlings of maize and the weeds Panicum miliaceum. Digitaria sanguinalis, Sorghum bicolor. Setaria faberi. Abutilon theophrasti and Echinochloa crus-galli demonstrated that all species were capable of metabolising radiolabelled atrazine to GSH conjugates and the relative rates of metabolism related well to GST activities. Similarly, GST activities toward atrazine, metolachlor and alachlor correlated well with herbicide tolerance, with GSH availability being less important. GST activities towards metolachlor, alachlor and atrazine were highest in young maize plants and decreased with age, whilst GST activities in S.faberi remained unchanged. At 35 days GST activities were similar in the two species and the atrazine selectivity was lost. GSH content decreased with age in both species. Protein purification studies showed that S.faberi contains 4 GST isoenzymes with differing substrate specificities. The major GST was estimated to account for 0.1 % of die total soluble protein in S.faberi. PCR-amplification of a cDNA prepared from mRNA showed that S.faberi contains a GST with 88% identity to GST I from maize at the nucleotide level and 82% identity at the amino acid level. Similarly antibodies raised to maize and wheat GSTs recognised GSTs in S.faberi. It is concluded that GSTs determine the relative tolerance to chloroacetanilides and atrazine in weed seedlings but may be less important in older plants. The GSTs in S.faberi are similar in complexity to those determined in maize but are expressed at lower levels.
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Endosperm culture of coconutSukamto, Lazarus Agus January 1996 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-161). / Microfiche. / xiv, 161 leaves, bound photos 29 cm
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Viral infection and propagation in plant tissue cultureShadwick, Fiona Stella, Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW January 2007 (has links)
The propagation of wild-type virus and a transgenic viral vector was examined in cultured plant cells to identify factors affecting viral infection of and accumulation in cultured cells and to determine if viral vectors could be used to facilitate the expression of heterologous proteins in vitro. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) accumulation was examined in Nicotiana tabacum and N. benthamiana suspension and hairy root cultures. TMV accumulation was superior in N. benthamiana hairy roots. Hairy roots were infected by adding TMV to the liquid culture medium at the same time as root inoculation. Hairy root growth was unaffected by virus infection. The distribution of virus within root mats from shake-flask grown cultures was non-uniform and the concentration of virus accumulated in replicate cultures was variable. When N. benthamiana hairy roots were infected using 1.5 μg mL-1 TMV, the average maximum concentration of virus accumulated in the biomass was 1.6 ?? 0.25 mg g-1 dry weight, or 15-fold lower than in TMV infected N. tabacum leaves. Virus coat protein accumulated to a level of (26 ?? 10)% total soluble protein in the hairy roots. Inoculum virus concentration and the medium in which infection was performed affected the virus yield and the percentage of inoculated cultures that accumulated virus. When cultures were inoculated using 9.0 μg mL-1 TMV, virus accumulated in the biomass to 4.2 ?? 0.60 mg g-1 dry weight. Proportional scale-up of hairy root infection in shake flasks did not result in constant virus concentrations in the scaled cultures. TMV accumulation in bioreactor-infected and -grown hairy roots was poor. N. benthamiana hairy roots were infected with a TMV-based vector (30B-GFPC3) that encoded Cycle 3 green fluorescent protein (GFP). TMV-GFPC3 was (260 ?? 140)-fold less infectious than TMV as measured by local lesion assays. Propagation of TMV-GFPC3 could not be confirmed using mass balance. GFP was not detected in the infected hairy roots or the culture medium. Hairy roots represent a potentially viable culture-based system for the in vitro production of virus and virus products when field-grown agricultural systems do not adequately address issues of containment or product safety.
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Optimisation of steam reconditioning for regrowth-ash and plantation-grown eucalypt speciesBlakemore, Philip Alexander. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2008. / Includes graphs and tables. Includes list of publications: p. iv. Title from title screen (viewed May 5, 2008). Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Factors affecting variability in anther culture and in regeneration of androgenic embryos of Solanum phureja /Snider, Karen Teten, January 1992 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-54). Also available via the Internet.
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Developmental regulation of axillary meristem initiation /Parmenter, Kathleen S. January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2004. / Includes bibliography.
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