Spelling suggestions: "subject:"plant genes"" "subject:"slant genes""
1 |
Functional mapping of pea legumin upstream regulatory elements using TI plasmid vectorsGarrett, Christine January 1991 (has links)
The leg A gene from Pisum sativum L. has been extensively characterised and a distinct pattern of developmental and organ-specific gene expression demonstrated. Homology between legumin genes from other species has given some indication of those sequences which may be responsible for the regulation at the level of transcription. This study was designed to provide a functional analysis of the upstream sequences. A number of plasmid vectors containing a maximum of 1.2 kb of upstream sequence from the leg A gene of Pisum sativum I., ligated to the coding region of the nopaline synthase (nos) gene, were constructed. The use of smaller promoter fragments and the insertion of spacer DNA within the promoter region was employed in an effort to localise the regions of 5' flanking sequence which may play a role in tissue specific expression. In a minority of tumours derived from tissue transformed with the vector containing the ' full-length ' leg A promoter, low levels of nopaline were detected, but not with those containing a shorter promoter fragment. Results from the analysis of Seed tissue indicates that 800 bp of the leg A promoter was insufficient to direct tissue-specific expression of the fused nopaline synthase gene in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum, although one individual plant showed a constitutive pattern of nopaline synthesis. However, published results obtained with legumin and other storage protein gene promoters would suggest that this promoter fragment should have been sufficient to confer seed-specific expression. This suggests that there may have been undesirable secondary structures, or small undetected rearrangements, introduced during the construction of the transcriptional fusions between leg A and nos. Alternatively the marker gene may be inadequately sensitive to permit detection of low levels of expression.
|
2 |
Biochemical genetics of glucosinolate side chain modification in Brassica and ArabidopisHall, Claire January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
|
3 |
Characterization of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) genes implicated in arbuscular mycorrhiza formation and functionKuznetsova, Elena 21 October 2010 (has links) (PDF)
The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association results from a successful interaction between the genomes of the two symbiotic partners. In this context, the aim of my research was to better characterize the role of the late stage symbiosis-related pea genes PsSym36, PsSym33 and PsSym40 in the functional AM (i) by investigating the effect of mutations in the three genes on fungal and plant gene responses and (ii) by creating conditions for the localization of two of the genes, PsSym36 and PsSym40, on the pea genetic map for future map-based cloning. The expression of a subset of ten fungal and eight plant genes,previously reported to be activated during mycorrhiza development, was compared in Glomus intraradices-inoculated roots of wild type and Pssym36, Pssym33 and Pssym40 mutant pea plants. Most of the fungal genes were down-regulated in roots of the Pssym36 mutant where arbuscule formation is defective, and several were upregulated with more rapid fungal development in roots of the Pssym40 mutant. Microdissection of mycorrhizal PsSym40 roots corroborated preferential expression of the three G. intraradices genes SOD, DESAT and PEPISOM in arbuscule-containing cells. Inactivation of PsSym36 also resulted in down regulation of plant genes whilst mutation of the PsSym33 and PsSym40 genes affected plant gene responses in a more time-dependent way. Results thus indicate an implication of the investigated pea SYM genes in the modulation of plant and fungal molecular interactions linked to signaling, nutrient exchange or stress response regulation during AM symbiosis formation and functioning. Conditions for localization of the PsSym36 and PsSym40 genes on the pea genetic map were developed for their future map-based cloning. Based on the molecular markers obtained, it was possible to conclude that localization of the PsSym40 gene most likely resides outside the linkage groups I, II, III or V of the genetic map of pea.
|
4 |
Characterization of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) genes implicated in arbuscular mycorrhiza formation and function / Caractérisation de gènes de pois (Pisum sativum L.) impliqués dans la formation et le fonctionnement de la mycorhize à arbusculesKuznetsova, Elena Vladislavovna 21 October 2010 (has links)
L’association mycorhizienne à arbuscules (AM) est le résultat d’une interaction compatible entre les génomes des deux partenaires symbiotiques. Dans ce contexte, le but de mes recherches a été de mieux caractériser le rôle des gènes de pois liés aux stades tardifs de la symbiose, PsSym36, PsSym33 and PsSym40, dans le fonctionnement de la symbiose MA (i) en étudiant l’effet des mutations de ces trois gènes sur l’expression des gènes de la plante et du champignon, et (ii) en créant les conditions pour positionner deux de ces gènes, PsSym36 and PsSym40, sur la carte génétique afin d’envisager leur clonage futur. L’expression d’un groupe de dix gènes fongiques et de huit gènes de plante, déjà décrits pour être activés durant le développement de la mycorhize, a été comparée dans les racines de pois inoculées avec G. intraradices chez les plantes de génotypes sauvages, ou les mutants Pssym36, Pssym33 et Pssym40. L’expression de la plupart des gènes fongiques a été inhibée dans les racines du mutant Pssym36 où la formation des arbuscules est avortée, tandis que l’expression de plusieurs d’entre eux a été activée lorsqu’il existe un développement plus rapide du champignon dans les racines du mutant Pssym40. Des microdisséquats obtenus à partir de racines mycorhizées du mutant PsSym40 confirment l’expression préférentielle de trois gènes de G. intraradices (SOD, DESAT et PEPISOM) dans les cellules contenant les arbuscules. L’inactivation du gène PsSym36 provoque également une inhibition des gènes de plante alors que la mutation des gènes PsSym33 and PsSym40 affecte l’expression des gènes de plante plutôt de façon temporelle. Les résultats indiquent ainsi une implication des gènes SYM de pois dans la modulation des interactions moléculaires entre la plante et le champignon impliquées au niveau de la signalisation, des échanges nutritifs ou de la régulation des réponses au stress durant la formation et/ou le fonctionnement de la symbiose AM. Les conditions pour la localisation des gènes PsSym36 and PsSym40 sur la carte génétique du pois ont été développées pour leur clonage basé sur la cartographie. En utilisant les marqueurs moléculaires obtenus, il a été possible de conclure que la localisation du gène PsSym40 réside vraisemblablement à l’extérieur des groupes de liaison I, II, III ou V de la carte génétique du pois. / The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association results from a successful interaction between the genomes of the two symbiotic partners. In this context, the aim of my research was to better characterize the role of the late stage symbiosis-related pea genes PsSym36, PsSym33 and PsSym40 in the functional AM (i) by investigating the effect of mutations in the three genes on fungal and plant gene responses and (ii) by creating conditions for the localization of two of the genes, PsSym36 and PsSym40, on the pea genetic map for future map-based cloning. The expression of a subset of ten fungal and eight plant genes,previously reported to be activated during mycorrhiza development, was compared in Glomus intraradices-inoculated roots of wild type and Pssym36, Pssym33 and Pssym40 mutant pea plants. Most of the fungal genes were down-regulated in roots of the Pssym36 mutant where arbuscule formation is defective, and several were upregulated with more rapid fungal development in roots of the Pssym40 mutant. Microdissection of mycorrhizal PsSym40 roots corroborated preferential expression of the three G. intraradices genes SOD, DESAT and PEPISOM in arbuscule-containing cells. Inactivation of PsSym36 also resulted in down regulation of plant genes whilst mutation of the PsSym33 and PsSym40 genes affected plant gene responses in a more time-dependent way. Results thus indicate an implication of the investigated pea SYM genes in the modulation of plant and fungal molecular interactions linked to signaling, nutrient exchange or stress response regulation during AM symbiosis formation and functioning. Conditions for localization of the PsSym36 and PsSym40 genes on the pea genetic map were developed for their future map-based cloning. Based on the molecular markers obtained, it was possible to conclude that localization of the PsSym40 gene most likely resides outside the linkage groups I, II, III or V of the genetic map of pea. / Формирование арбускулярной микоризы (АМ) является результатом успешного взаимодействия между геномами двух симбиотических партнёров. Целью моего исследования являлось изучение роли поздних симбиотических генов гороха PsSym36, PsSym33 и PsSym40 в формировании функционального АМ симбиоза. Для этого было проведено исследование эффекта мутаций в генах PsSym36, PsSym33 и PsSym40 на экспрессию грибных и растительных генов, предположительно (по литературным данным) вовлечённых в процессы формирования АМ, а так же проведена работа по локализации генов PsSym36 и PsSym40 на генетической карте гороха для последующего более точного картирования и позиционного клонирования данных генов. Экспрессия десяти грибных и восьми растительных генов была определена в корнях растений дикого типа и PsSym36, PsSym33 и PsSym40 мутантов, инокулированных G. intraradices. В корнях PsSym36 мутанта, имеющего дефект развития арбускул, большая часть грибных генов была супрессирована, в то время как в корнях PsSym40 мутанта, для которого характерна более быстрая по сравнению с диким типом микоризация, был отмечен более высокий уровень экспрессии грибных генов. Использование метода микродиссекций позволило выделить клетки, содержащие арбускулы, из микоризованных корней мутанта PsSym40 и подтвердить, что гены G. intraradices SOD, DESAT и PEPISOM преимущественно экспрессируются в клетках, содержащих арбускулы. Мутация в гене PsSym36 также привела к подавлению экспрессии большинства вовлечённых в анализ растительных генов, тогда как мутации в генах PsSym33 и PsSym40 оказали влияние на ксперессию растительных генов в меньшей степени. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о роли исследуемых SYM генов гороха в контролировании растительно-грибных молекулярных взаимодействий, связанных с сигналингом, обменом питательными веществами и стрессовыми реакциями в процессе формирования и функционирования АМ симбиоза. Проведённое генетическое картирование не привело к локализации генов PsSym36 и PsSym40 на генетической карте гороха. Однако разработка и использование молекулярных маркеров для картирования позволили исключить локализацию гена PsSym40 в I, II, III и V группах сцепления с высокой долей вероятности.
|
Page generated in 0.2343 seconds