• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

AvaliaÃÃo das atividades antiagregante plaquetÃria e anticoagulante em estudo de bioprospecÃÃo de Opercutina macrocarpa (L.) Urb. (Jalapa) em plasma humano: determinaÃÃo do mecanismo de aÃÃo. / Evaluation of antiplatelet and anticoagulant activities in bioprospection study of Operculina macrocarpa (L.) Urb. (JALAPA) in human plasma: determination of mechanism of action.

Taiana MagalhÃes Pierdonà 15 July 2011 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Operculina macrocarpa (L.) Urb. (âjalapa brasileiraâ) (Convolvulaceae) à uma espÃcie comum do Nordeste brasileiro, sendo popularmente utilizada pelas suas propriedades laxativa, purgativa e âdepurativaâ. A tintura do tubÃrculo de jalapa, matÃria-prima majoritÃria, ao lado da tintura de Convolvulus scammonia (TCS) compÃem o fitoterÃpico Aguardente Alemà(AAL) ou Tintura de Jalapa Composta, indicada como antitrombÃtico na medicina popular. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar o potencial antiagregante plaquetÃrio e anticoagulante de O. macrocarpa em plasma humano, incluindo estudo de bioprospecÃÃo e determinaÃÃo do possÃvel mecanismo de aÃÃo. A avaliaÃÃo da atividade antiagregante plaquetÃria das drogas testes (tintura e fraÃÃes de O. macrocarpa, TCS e AAL) em plasma humano rico em plaquetas (PRP) foi mensurada por mÃtodo turbidimÃtrico, sendo a agregaÃÃo induzida por vÃrios agonistas como difosfato de adenosina (ADP), epinefrina (EPI), Ãcido araquidÃnico (AA), colÃgeno (COL) ou trombina (TROM). Ao contrÃrio da TCS e da AAL, tanto a tintura de O. macrocarpa (TOM/precipitado(P) e sobrenadante(S)) quanto uma das fraÃÃes orgÃnicas obtidas da planta (TOM/1-F4) mostraram atividade antiagregante plaquetÃria, onde a TOM/1-F4 (100 Âg/mL) apresentou efeito comparÃvel ao Ãcido acetilsalicÃlico (AAS). CaracterizaÃÃo fÃsico-quÃmica (CLAE e espectrofotometria) da TOM/PS (teor de resinas 1,38g%) e da TOM/1-F4 permitiu a identificaÃÃo de Ãcidos fenÃlicos (clorogÃnico, gÃlico e cafÃico), bem como a determinaÃÃo do teor de fenÃis totais da TOM (0,14g%). O efeito antiagregante plaquetÃrio da TOM/PS e da TOM/1F-4 parece resultar de vÃrias aÃÃes intracelulares. Contudo, a TOM/PS na presenÃa do AAS, L-ARG, ODQ, pentoxifilina (PTX) ou ticlopidina (TIC) teve seu efeito antiagregante plaquetÃrio modificado principalmente pela TIC, sugerindo um papel importante dos receptores purinÃrgicos na bioatividade da TOM/PS. A TOM/PS apresentou atividade antioxidante determinada atravÃs do teste do DPPH. AlÃm disso, a TOM/PS e a TOM/1F-4 nÃo mostraram aÃÃo anticoagulante em plasma humano, mas a TOM/PS aumentou o tempo de sangramento em camundongos. Foi observada uma toxicidade relativa da TOM/PS em neutrÃfilo humano. Dessa forma, o presente estudo comprovou, de maneira inÃdita, o potencial antiagregante plaquetÃrio da tintura e da fraÃÃo orgÃnica de jalapa, que estÃo pelo menos em parte relacionados à presenÃa de fenÃis, particularmente Ãcidos fenÃlicos, e resinas na planta. / Operculina macrocarpa (L.) Urb ("Brazilian jalapa") (Convolvulaceae) is a common species of the Brazilian Northeast. It is popularly used because of its laxative and purgative properties. The tincture of Operculina macrocarpa tubers (major constituent) and Convolvulus scammonia composes the raw materials of Aguardente AlemÃÂ, herbal medicine, referred to as antithrombotic in folk medicine. The objective of this study was to investigate the antiplatelet and anticoagulant potential for Operculina macrocarpa in human plasma, including the bioprospection study and determination of possible mechanism of action. The evaluation of antiplatelet activity of drugs (tincture and fractions of O. macrocarpa, tincture of C. scammonia and AAL) in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was measured by the turbidimetric method where the aggregation was induced by the addition of agonists (adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine (EPI), arachidonic acid (AA) collagen (COL) or thrombin (TROM). Unlike tincture of C. scammonia and AAL, both O. macrocarpa tincture (TOM/preciptade (P) and supernatant (S)) and one of the organic fractions obtained from O. macrocarpa (TOM/1-F4) showed antiplatelet activity in human plasma where TOM/1-F4 (100 Âg/mL) presented comparable effect to AAS. Physicochemical characterization (HPLC and spectrophotometer) of TOM/PS (content of resins 1,38g%) and TOM/1-F4 allowed the identification of phenolic acids (chlorogenic, galic and caffeic) as well as the determination of total phenols of TOM (0,14g%). The antiplatelet effect of TOM/PS and TOM/1-F4 seems to result from many intracellular actions. However, TOM/PS in presence of AAS, L-ARG, ODQ, pentoxifilin (PTX) or ticlopidine (TIC) had its antiplatelet effect modified mainly because of TIC, suggesting an important role of purinergic receptors in TOM/PS. TOM/PS presented antioxidant activity determined by DPPH test. Furthermore, TOM/PS and TOM/1-F4 did not showed anticoagulant action in human plasma but TOM/PS increased the bleeding time in mice. It was observed a relative toxicity of TOM/PS in human neutrophil. Therefore, this study demonstrated, as never before, the antiplatelet potencial of tincture and the organic fraction of "jalapa" and that at least related to the presence of phenols, particulary phenolic acids, and resins in plant.

Page generated in 0.1317 seconds