Cette thèse porte un regard croisé sur les œuvres de deux auteures américaines contemporaines nées dans la région du Sud des Appalaches. Elle se lance pour objectif principal de définir et analyser les frontières et caractéristiques d’une identité littéraire proprement appalachienne ayant émergé ces trente dernières années aux États-Unis et connaissant actuellement un essor critique sans précédent. L’étude s’appuie sur une approche essentiellement pluridisciplinaire (histoire, géographie, économie, religion, philosophie) traçant les contours d’une littérature régionale motivée par une tension entre les notions d’espace (« space ») et de territoire (« place »), d’une part, et les dynamiques inverses de territorialisation (comment passe-t-on d’un corps physique à un corps textuel spécifiques ?) et déterritorialisation (comment ce corps textuel se transforme-t-il en réceptacle de considérations plus universelles ?), d’autre part. Tout en les remettant en perspective, l’analyse adopte comme cadre théorique les considérations philosophiques de Gilles Deleuze (fondateur du concept de « déterritorialisation ») et Gaston Bachelard (phénoménologue ayant développé la notion de « poétique de l’espace »). / The aim of this doctoral dissertation is to explore the writings of two American women writers born and raised in the Appalachian South. It attempts to define and analyze the characteristics of a typically Appalachian literary identity that has been taking shape in the United States over the past thirty years and which is only now starting to receive nationwide and worldwide critical acclaim. The approach is mainly interdisciplinary (history, geography, economics, religion and philosophy provide different ways to delve into the topic) and seeks to outline a regional literature which has been essentially fueled by a tension between the concepts of “nature” (the physical place around us) and “environment” (the more complex result of the interplay between nature and man or woman). The opposed dynamics of regional grounding (how does the writer move from a specific physical natural body to a specific literary body?) and regional un-grounding or uprooting (how does this literary body turn into a receptacle of more universal emotions and concerns?) also shed light on the idiosyncrasies of this Appalachian literature. The analysis uses as a theoretical framework the philosophical views of Gilles Deleuze (the French philosopher who coined the concept of “deterritorialisation”) and Gaston Bachelard (the French phenomenologist having developed the notion of “poetics of space” recently rediscovered and explored in the United States).

La maison est un lieu privilégié de l’intime, ayant des tonalités distinctes pour chacun. A Casa est un recueil de poèmes du poète contemporain brésilien Heleno Godoy, réunissant les aspects matériels de la maison par un langage objectif. En privilégiant la concréticité de cet espace, l’auteur propose au lecteur de bâtir son propre lieu intime. C’est une expérience poétique singulière, car en partant des images concrètes, le lecteur peut s’abstraire de la dureté du quotidien pour finalement l’envisager sous sa poéticité. C’est justement l’affrontement de la maison réelle par la poésie, qui permet au lecteur de se trouver dans une demeure qui ne se situe pas à l’extérieur, mais à l’intérieur de lui-même. Il s’agit effectivement d’un lyrisme de la réalité. Cette étude a pour objectif de présenter A Casa au public francophone, en apportant son exégèse ainsi que sa première traduction. Pour ce faire, la thèse comporte deux parties, ainsi qu’une proposition de traduction d’A Casa. La première partie situe l’auteur et l’œuvre dans leurs contextes, pour analyser ensuite le recueil choisi. La seconde partie traite du processus traductif de ce recueil, revenant sur les concepts de traduction, notamment celui de la traduction poétique, pour tenter d’en préciser le rapport entre la théorie et la pratique. Suit un commentaire détaillé des difficultés rencontrées lors de la translation de cette œuvre en français. Une version française d’A Casa conclut cette thèse. / A house is a privileged place for intimacy, offering distinct tones for everyone who looks at it. A Casa, by the contemporary Brazilian poet Heleno Godoy, is a collection of poems combining the material aspects of a house with an objective language. Privileging the concreteness of this space, the author proposes to the reader to build his own intimate place. It is a singular poetic experience because, starting from concrete images, the reader can abstract or distance himself from the hardness of everyday life to finally consider it under its poeticity. It is precisely the confrontation of the real house with poetry, which allows the reader to find himself in a house that is not outside, but inside himself. Indeed, it is a lyricism of reality. This study aims to present A Casa to the French-speaking public, bringing its exegesis as well as its first translation. To do this, the thesis is composed of two parts, plus a translation proposal of A Casa. The first part situates the author and the book in their contexts, then analyzes the chosen collection. The second part deals with the translation process of this collection, returning to the concepts of translation, poetic translation in particular, to try to specify a relationship between theory and practice. What follows is a detailed commentary on the difficulties encountered during the process of translating the work into its French version. Finally, the thesis makes a bilingual presentation of A Casa in its original Portuguese form and its French translation in its end. / A casa é um lugar privilegiado do íntimo, possuindo tons distintos para cada um. A Casa, do poeta contemporâneo brasileiro Heleno Godoy, é uma coleção de poemas que combina os aspectos materiais da casa com uma linguagem objetiva. Ao privilegiar a concretude desse espaço, o autor propõe ao leitor de construir seu próprio lugar íntimo. É uma experiência poética singular, pois, a partir das imagens concretas, o leitor pode abstrair-se da dureza do cotidiano para finalmente reconsiderá-lo sob seu carácter poético. É precisamente o confronto da casa real com a poesia, que permite ao leitor de reencontrar-se numa residência que não está no exterior, mas dentro de si mesmo. De fato, trata-se de um lirismo da realidade.Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar A Casa para o público de língua francesa, trazendo sua exegese, bem como sua primeira tradução. Para isso, esta tese divide-se duas partes, além de uma proposta de tradução de A Casa. A primeira parte primeiro situa o autor e a obra em seus contextos, depois traz análises inéditas sobre esse trabalho. A segunda parte trata do processo de tradução desta obra, retornando aos conceitos de tradução e de tradução poética, especialmente, para tentar especificar uma relação entre teoria e prática. Seguido de um comentário detalhado das dificuldades encontradas durante a tradução deste livro para a língua francesa. Finalmente, a tradução bilíngue de A Casa será produzida ao final da tese.