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Functions of animal polarization sensitivityFoster, James Jonathan January 2016 (has links)
No description available.
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[en] A POLARIMETER OF LOW COST / [pt] UM POLARÍMETRO DE BAIXO CUSTOGUILHERME PENELLO TEMPORAO 01 October 2003 (has links)
[pt] Um novo modelo de polarímetro, baseado em lâminas de
birrefringência variável controladas por atuadores
piezoelétricos, é apresentado e construído. O dispositivo é
baseado na divisão no tempo do sinal luminoso e, comparado a
outros modelos de sua categoria, apresenta uma série de
atrativos, como baixo custo e simplicidade. É realizada uma
comparação de resultados entre o polarímetro desenvolvido e
um polarímetro comercial para luz polarizada e parcialmente
polarizada. / [en] A new polarimeter model, based on time-varying
birefringence caused by piezoelectric-controlled fiber-
squeezing plates, is presented and constructed. The
device is based on time division of the light signal and,
in comparison with other polarimeters of its kind, features
many advantages, like low cost and simplicity. The results
given by the new polarimeter and a commercial one are
compared, using polarized and partially polarized light.
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Focusing Properties of Vectorial Optical Fields and Their ApplicationsJera, Elforjani Salem 13 July 2022 (has links)
No description available.
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Polarizační nedokonalosti světla v interferometrii / Polarization Imperfections of Light in InterferometryKučera, Petr January 2009 (has links)
Disertační práce pojednává o polarizačních nedokonalostech optických komponentů, které jsou využívány ke kontrole a k transformaci polarizačního stavu světla. Získané teoretické výsledky jsou pak využity ve vybraných aplikacích, jež ke své činnosti využívají právě polarizace světla. Konkrétně se jedná o zařízení měřící vibrace oscilujících objektů, dále o interferenční měření dvojlomu v transparentních materiálech a konečně, o vybraná témata z optické kvantové komunikace.
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[en] MEASUREMENT OF POLARIZATION DEPENDENT LOSS USING FREQUENCY MIXING IN PHOTODIODES / [pt] MEDIÇÃO DE PERDAS DEPENDENTES DA POLARIZAÇÃO UTILIZANDO MISTURA DE FREQUÊNCIAS EM FOTODIODOSCAMILA SEABRA NOBRE 05 February 2016 (has links)
[pt] Este trabalho apresenta um método teórico e experimental para medir
Perda Dependente de Polarização (PDL) em sistemas ópticos. Este método
basea-se na forma como duas componentes de polarização ortogonais da luz
moduladas em amplitude por duas frequências distintas são acopladas no
detector após a transmissão pelo dispositivo sob caracterização. No presente
trabalho é realizado um estudo acerca das propriedades da luz e das técnicas
tradicionais utlizadas para medir PDL. Antes da caracterização das medidas
de PDL, foi realizado o alinhamento do dispositivo de teste (DUT), ou
seja, do sistema que vai emular a PDL, a fim de garantir que o mesmo
estivesse com as perdas ópticas minimizadas. Em seguida, conectou-se o
DUT à configuração montada no laboratório, sendo realizado os ajustes de
polarização e supressão das portadoras ópticas. Neste método é possível
calcular o valor da PDL e da na orientação na Esfera de Poincaré. / [en] This work presents a theoretic and experimental method for Polarization
Dependent Loss (PDL) measurement in optical systems. This method is
based on how two orthogonal polarization components both modulated in
amplitude by two different frequency are coupled in the detector. In this
present work a study is performed about light properties and traditional
techniques used to peform PDL measurement. Before the characterization of
PDL measures the alignment of the device under test (DUT) was performed
to make sure that optical losses were minimized in the system which will
emulate the PDL. Then, the DUT was connected to the experimental setup
to optical carriers suppression and polarization alignment. In this method
is possible to calculate the PDL value and its orientation on the Poincaré
sphere.
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Nanometrologická vibrometrie / Nanometric vibrometryŠevčík, Michal January 2013 (has links)
This thesis deals with the precise measurement of distances in nanometer range at ultrasonic frequencies for the purposes of vibrometry. The paper is primary focused on~nanometric displacement measurement methods. First the thesis deals with the physical phenomena based on light in the theoretical section. This includes interference of light, index of refraction, polarization, interferometry and more. Understanding of these physical laws is crucial for design and assembling of the interferometer. Subjects of interferometric method for precise and fast measurement of the nanometric displacement and vibration are discussed. Interferometer components such as lasers, photodetectors and optical elements are described are described in the final part of this section. Practical section of thesis can be divided into two parts. The design and assembling issues are discussed in the first section. Many problems which I had to solve are described. Control software and implementation of the signal processing is the subject of the second part. I met with particular problems such as phase unwrapping. I solved this problem of discontinuous phase field with user written algorithm. Finally the graphical user interface was created. Using assembled interferometer and written software application I measured vibration of Langevin transducer on ultrasonic frequencies.
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Étude numérique et expérimentale de la diffraction en géométrie conique de réseaux optiques aux longueurs d’ondes X et UV / Numerical and experimental study of diffraction by optical gratings in conical geometry at X-ray and UV wavelengthsAkarid, Ahmed 01 October 2019 (has links)
L’utilisation de réseaux optiques dans la géométrie de diffraction conique a connu ces dernières décennies un essor remarquable dans les domaines UV et X grâce à ses propriétés particulières: absence de l’écrantage derrière les traits du réseau aux incidences rasantes, faible dispersion angulaire limitant l’étirement temporel, efficacité de diffraction élevée. Son usage s’est imposé pour la monochromatisation d’impulsions ultra-brèves. C’est aussi l’une des deux options retenues par la Nasa pour le spectrographe à réseau de l’Observatoire à rayon X de la future mission Lynx. Ce travail de thèse contribue au développement de méthodes numériques pour modéliser les effets de diffraction par des réseaux dans une géométrie encore peu étudiée sous cet aspect. La complexité de cette étude réside dans le couplage inhérent entre les deux états fondamentaux de polarisation. Du point de vue numérique, il impose un calcul ‘’vectoriel’’, là où, en géométrie classique des calculs scalaires suffisent. Notre travail s’est appuyé sur les méthodes numériques de calcul de diffraction par des structures périodiques déjà développées dans le cadre de la géométrie classique. Ces méthodes sont basées sur la théorie différentielle, qui consiste à propager une série d’ondes planes au travers de la zone modulée. La méthode différentielle employée est complétée par l’usage de l’algorithme de propagation de la matrice réflectivité. On contourne ainsi certains problèmes de convergence. Dans la partie théorique de ce travail, ces algorithmes sont étendus pour s’adapter aux cas de géométrie oblique. Sur cette base théorique, nous avons pu développer un code de calcul, nommé COROX, fonctionnant dans toutes les géométries d’utilisation. Un certain nombre de réseau types ont été étudiés, tant en géométrie oblique que classique, pour mettre en évidence, non seulement les efficacités de diffraction mais encore les effets de polarisation, (paramètres de Stokes et matrice de Müller) ainsi que les phases spectrales. Des propriétés intéressantes ont été remarquées, comme l’existence d’une composante circulaire non négligeable diffractée par réseau lamellaire quand l’onde incidente polarisée à 45° par rapport au plan du réseau. Le comportement de la phase spectrale est également une donnée significative pour une future gestion d’impulsions ultra-brèves. Des mesures de diffraction ont été effectuées sur la ligne Métrologie du Synchrotron SOLEIL, sur un réseau blazé de 150 traits/mm. Un accord raisonnable entre efficacités mesurées et calculées est constaté si l’on tient compte de la forte rugosité du réseau étudié. / The conical geometry of optical grating diffraction has been suggested and studied, in the last 10 years, for cutting edge applications in the VUV and X-ray domains, due to its specific properties such as: absence of screen inside the grating grooves at grazing incidence, low angular dispersion which limits the temporal spread of short pulses, very high diffraction efficiencies. It has been accepted as the first choice technology for VUV short pulses monochromatization. It is also one of the two options selected by NASA, for the grating spectrograph of the future X-ray Observatory of the Lynx mission. This thesis reports our contribution to the development of numerical methods in order to model the effects of diffraction by optical gratings in this still little studied geometry. This study is made more complex by an inherent coupling between the two fundamental polarization modes. From the numerical aspect, it requires performing “vectorial” computations, whereas, in a classical diffraction geometry, scalar computations are sufficient. Our work is based on numerical methods already developed for modeling optical diffraction by periodic structures in the framework of classical geometry. These methods are using on the differential theory, whose main concept is propagating a set of plane waves throughout the modulated area. We use the differential method together with an algorithm of reflectivity matrix propagation. It overcomes some of the convergence issues. In the theoretical part of this work, reflectivity matrix algorithms are extended to the case of oblique geometry. On these theoretical grounds, we developed a computation code, named COROX, which can be applied in any geometry. A number of typical grating cases have been studied, both in the conical and of le classical one. The output is not only the diffraction efficiencies, but also the polarization properties (Stokes parameters, Müller matrix), as well as the spectral phases. Interesting properties have been noticed, such as the presence of a non-negligible circularly polarized component diffracted from a lamellar grating when the incident wave is linearly polarized at 45° from the grating plane. The spectral phase behavior is also a significant data for an eventual shape tayloring of ultrashort pulses. Diffraction efficiency measurements have been performed on the Metrology beamline of Synchrotron SOLEIL, using a 150 lines/mm blazed grating as a test object. A reasonable agreement between measured and computed efficiencies has been obtained, provided that the rather high roughness of this grating is taken into account.
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