Colonial intellectual is a good point of entry for making sense of anti-colonial movement because in many cases they constituted the pioneer of the movement. Moreover, in some cases, they became the founding father of new nations. However, such an important social category received inadequate attentions. / The main concern of this research is: how to make sense of the fact that in some colonies, anti-colonial movement were stronger while in others, the subjects were silent. The present writer would use colonial intellectuals from three areas (Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore) as cases to illustrate the development of anti-colonial movements in above three areas in late nineteenth Century and Early Twenty Century. / Using the theory of institutionalization as theoretical framework, the present writer argued that the level of institutionalized of the society is the prime mover of the event. To view colonial society as a social group, it is argued that only in those societies reaching a high level of institutionalization, then members of the society would develop a kind of locally oriented vision of the society. That kind of vision is the necessary condition of anti-colonial movement. In the following thesis, the present writer would discuss in what way colonial governance, migration, and the conditions of pre-colonial society shaped the level of institutionalization of the discussed cases. / 劉紹麟. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-10, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Liu Shaolin.

Illegal political activity has always been part of a democratic society. Despite this, not much is known about young people’s involvement in these political activities. Research portrays political influence attempts of this kind in different terms; as troublesome for the democratic political system, as expressions of conscious decisions vital for humanity’s future, and yet other times as illustrations of a coming-of-age rebellion. Overall there is a lack of collective knowledge on illegal political activity, and especially in adolescence – the age period when these political activities seem to peak. The aim of this dissertation is therefore to enhance knowledge of involvement in illegal political activity in adolescence. This dissertation addresses this task in four empirical studies. Results show that mostly boys engage politically with illegal political means. Adolescents involved are also interested in politics, believe in their own abilities to take part in political activities, have long-term political goals, and approve of violent political tactics. In addition, these activities also seem to associate with a challenge of authority. This could be seen in how political dissatisfaction was translated into illegal political activity, and in the way these activities seemed to be reactions to a non legitimized parental authority. Besides authority challenges, these activities are likely the result of important peer relations; influences from peers with experiences of illegal political activity seem to be a most probable answer to why adolescents adopt these political means. Taken together, the results of this dissertation show that adolescents involved in illegal political activity are well-equipped for political involvement, challenge authorities in most contexts of their lives, and are likely to adopt these political means from already involved peers.

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Arts

by Wan Wai Kwan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinesse University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 192-196. / Acknowledgments / Chapter Chapter One --- Objective and Literature Review --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter Two --- Methodology and Hypotheses --- p.19 / Chapter A. --- Sampling --- p.19 / Chapter B. --- Hypotheses --- p.25 / Chapter C. --- Analysis --- p.30 / Tables for Chapter Two --- p.33 / Chapter Chapter Three --- A Profile of Two Generations --- p.34 / Chapter A. --- Political attitudes of the adolescents --- p.34 / Chapter B. --- Contrast between parents and adolescents --- p.40 / Chapter C. --- Sex difference and sex-lineage similarity --- p.53 / Tables for Chapter Three --- p.53 / Chapter Chapter Four --- Socialisation in the Family --- p.76 / Tables for Chapter Four --- p.95 / Chapter Chapter Five --- Socialisation in the School --- p.104 / Tables for Chapter Five --- p.120 / Chapter Chapter Six --- Interaction among Agents --- p.126 / Political Knowledge and Political Interest --- p.131 / Tables for Chapter Six --- p.132 / Chapter Chapter Seven --- Conclusion --- p.137 / Notes --- p.153 / Appendixes --- p.152 / Chapter A. --- Tables for demographic data --- p.162 / Chapter B. --- Tables for profile of two generations --- p.164 / Chapter C. --- Tables for socialisation agent - family --- p.166 / Chapter D. --- Tables for socialisation agent - school --- p.169 / Chapter E. --- Tables for conclusion --- p.171 / Chapter F. --- Abbreviation of attitude items --- p.173 / Chapter G. --- Frequency table for the overall sample --- p.174 / Bibliography --- p.192 / Chapter A. --- Books --- p.192 / Chapter B. --- Journals --- p.194 / Questionnaire

Chan Chun Kit. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 248-255). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Content --- p.vi / List of Charts and Tables --- p.xii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction: The Change of Attitude --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background and Research Question --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Theoretical Framework --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Plan of the Thesis --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review: Concerning Political Participation and Emigration --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Emigration --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Literature of Emigration --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Emigration in Hong Kong --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Lesson from the Emigration Literature --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3 --- Political Participation --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Meaning of Political Participation --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- The Culturalist Theory --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Political Participation in Hong Kong --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Limitations of Culturalist Theory --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4 --- An Alternative Approach: Hirschman's theory --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Introduction to Hirschman's Theory --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Relationship between Exit and Voice --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- The Idea of Loyalty --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Amendment and Critiques of Hirschman's Original Theory --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Other Literatures of Loyalty and Loyalty in Hong Kong --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- The Different Role of Loyalty between Hirschman´ةs Literature and Cultualist Theory --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5 --- Conclusion --- p.42 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Historical Review: Acting between Exit and Voice --- p.44 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2 --- Push Factors --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Political Situation before 1997 --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Economic Situation before 1997 --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Political Situation after 1997 --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Economic Situation after 1997 --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- The Overall Perception of Hong Kong Future --- p.57 / Chapter 3.3 --- Pull Factors --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- The Difficulty for Applying a Foreign Residency --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Economic Situation before 1997 --- p.63 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Economic Situation after 1997 --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4 --- Pattern of Political Participation and Emigration --- p.73 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Pattern of Political Participation and Emigration before 1997 --- p.73 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Pattern of Political Participation and Emigration after 1997 --- p.75 / Chapter 3.5 --- The Puzzle --- p.79 / Chapter 3.6 --- Conclusion --- p.81 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Theory and Method: Accessing Loyalty --- p.83 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2 --- Research Aim --- p.83 / Chapter 4.3 --- Putting Emigration into the Spectrum of Political Participation --- p.84 / Chapter 4.4 --- Subject of Study --- p.86 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Middle Class Individuals as Quality Conscious Consumer --- p.86 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- The Definition of Middle Class --- p.88 / Chapter 4.5 --- Conceptualizing and Operationalizing Loyalty --- p.90 / Chapter 4.6 --- The Effects of Loyalty --- p.92 / Chapter 4.7 --- Research Approach --- p.95 / Chapter 4.7.1 --- Research Method - Qualitative Data Analysis --- p.95 / Chapter 4.7.2 --- Scope of Sample - Deviant Critical Case --- p.96 / Chapter 4.7.3 --- Sampling Method - Theoretical Sampling --- p.97 / Chapter 4.8 --- Conducting Interviews --- p.99 / Chapter 4.9 --- Data Analysis --- p.100 / Chapter 4.10 --- Conclusion --- p.101 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Findings and Analysis I: Foundation of the Research: Perception after 97 --- p.103 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.103 / Chapter 5.2 --- Perception about the 1997-2003 Period --- p.103 / Chapter 5.3 --- Deteriorated Areas --- p.105 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Government Performance --- p.105 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Political Atmosphere --- p.107 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Economic Atmosphere --- p.108 / Chapter 5.4 --- The Most Concerned Areas in Past Decades --- p.109 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Liberty --- p.109 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Rule of Law --- p.110 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- "The Implementation of ""One Country, Two System" --- p.113 / Chapter 5.5 --- The Perception of Democracy --- p.117 / Chapter 5.6 --- Most Recognized Issues --- p.120 / Chapter 5.6 --- Accessing the Research Question --- p.122 / Chapter 5.7 --- Conclusion --- p.122 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Findings and Analysis II: Foundation of the Research: Loyalty: Emergence and level of Loyalty --- p.124 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.124 / Chapter 6.2 --- Loyalty to Hong Kong --- p.124 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Hong Kong Loyalist --- p.125 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Loyal Complainer of Hong Kong --- p.127 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- The Share Characteristic of “Hong Kong Loyalist´ح and “Loyal Complainer of Hong Kong´ح --- p.130 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Hong Kong Disloyalist --- p.132 / Chapter 6.3 --- Common Belief ´ؤ The Idea of Liberty --- p.132 / Chapter 6.4 --- Loyalty to China --- p.133 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- China Loyalist --- p.134 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Separated China Loyalist --- p.136 / Chapter 6.4.3 --- Loyal Complainer of China --- p.139 / Chapter 6.4.4 --- China Disloyalist --- p.141 / Chapter 6.5 --- Common Belief- Psychological Distance --- p.142 / Chapter 6.6 --- Sense of Influent Ability --- p.143 / Chapter 6.6.1 --- Contribution to Hong Kong --- p.144 / Chapter 6.6.2 --- Contribution to China --- p.146 / Chapter 6.6.3 --- Affecting Government's policy --- p.149 / Chapter 6.7 --- Expectation about Future --- p.151 / Chapter 6.8 --- Accessing the Research Question --- p.153 / Chapter 6.9 --- Conclusion --- p.154 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Findings and Analysis III: Relationship between Loyalty and the July-First Demonstration --- p.157 / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.157 / Chapter 7.2 --- Reasons for Joining The Demonstration --- p.157 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- The Dominating Reason --- p.158 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- The Sense of Hongkongese --- p.161 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Loyalty of Other Organization --- p.163 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Misunderstanding --- p.164 / Chapter 7.3 --- The Effect of Loyalty in the July-first Demonstration --- p.165 / Chapter 7.4 --- Other Effects of the Demonstration --- p.170 / Chapter 7.5 --- The Post July-first Era and Further Political Participations --- p.172 / Chapter 7.5.1 --- Political Situation --- p.172 / Chapter 7.5.2 --- Economic and Social Situations --- p.175 / Chapter 7.5.3 --- Satisfaction --- p.175 / Chapter 7.5.4 --- Further Political Actions --- p.177 / Chapter 7.6 --- Factor(s) for Simulating Further Demonstrations --- p.179 / Chapter 7.7 --- Discussion --- p.180 / Chapter 7.7.1 --- Loyalty and Demonstration in Hong Kong --- p.180 / Chapter 8.7.2 --- Liberty and Demonstration in Hong Kong --- p.182 / Chapter 8.7.3 --- The level of Satisfaction and the Effectiveness of Demonstration in Hong Kong --- p.184 / Chapter 7.8 --- Conclusion --- p.185 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Findings and Analysis IV: Relationship between Loyalty and Emigration --- p.187 / Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.187 / Chapter 8.2 --- Emigration --- p.187 / Chapter 8.2.1 --- Intention of Leaving Hong Kong --- p.188 / Chapter 8.2.2 --- Reasons for Staying --- p.189 / Chapter 8.3 --- Intention of Settlement in China --- p.192 / Chapter 8.3.1 --- Reason of Having the Intention --- p.193 / Chapter 8.3.2 --- Reasons for Staying --- p.193 / Chapter 8.4 --- Cause of Reluctant Emigration --- p.196 / Chapter 8.5 --- The Effect of Loyalty in Emigration --- p.197 / Chapter 8.6 --- Discussion --- p.201 / Chapter 8.6.1 --- Loyalty and Emigration in Hong Kong --- p.201 / Chapter 8.6.2 --- The Effect of the Loyalty of China --- p.203 / Chapter 8.6.3 --- The Credibility of the Threat of Exit --- p.204 / Chapter 8.7 --- Conclusion --- p.205 / Chapter Chapter 9 --- "Conclusion: Re-visiting Exit, Voice and Loyalty" --- p.207 / Chapter 9.1 --- Introduction --- p.207 / Chapter 9.2 --- Summary of the Findings from the Study --- p.208 / Chapter 9.2.1 --- Perception about the Post-97 Situation of Hong Kong --- p.208 / Chapter 9.2.2 --- The Sense of Loyalty --- p.208 / Chapter 9.2.3 --- Relationship between Loyalty and Demonstration --- p.209 / Chapter 9.2.4 --- Relationship between Loyalty and Emigration --- p.210 / Chapter 9.3 --- Discussion of Hirschman's Theory --- p.211 / Chapter 9.3.1 --- Signal Product V.S. Multi-products --- p.211 / Chapter 9.3.2 --- Effects of Loyalty --- p.213 / Chapter 9.3.3 --- Single Loyalty V.S. Multi-loyalties --- p.214 / Chapter 9.3.4 --- "The Tension between Loyalty, Exit and Voice" --- p.216 / Chapter 9.4 --- The Trend of Future --- p.217 / Chapter 9.5 --- Political Implications --- p.219 / Chapter 9.5.1 --- Soft Authoritarianism and Administrative Absorption of Politics --- p.219 / Chapter 9.5.2 --- Liberty cannot be Infringed --- p.221 / Chapter 9.5.3 --- Lack of Strong Demand for Immediate Democratization --- p.221 / Chapter 9.5.4 --- Articulation of Public Opinion --- p.223 / Chapter 9.6 --- Research Limitations --- p.223 / Chapter 9.7 --- Suggestions for Further Researches --- p.225 / Chapter 9.8 --- Conclusion --- p.227 / Appendix --- p.229 / Appendix I Immigrate to Canada: Immigrating to Canada as a Skilled Worker --- p.229 / Appendix II Immigrate to Australia: General skilled migration program --- p.235 / Appendix III Immigrate to United States of America: Apply for Immigrant Status Based on Employment --- p.239 / Appendix IV Interview Schedule (Abridged) --- p.244 / Appendix V Demographic Information of Interviewees --- p.247 / Bibliography --- p.248

This dissertation examines postwar anti-poverty programs in order to understand the Latin American roots of US social policy, the origins of neoliberalism, and the rise of economists as public intellectuals. By following veterans of the New Deal and Marshall Plan through Colombian reform projects of the 1950s and 1960s and back to the United States in the era of the Great Society, it suggests that one way of studying the route from the 1930s to the 1960s in the United States is by traveling through Latin America. Conversely, one way of understanding the history of economic development is by analyzing its relation to First-World programs for economic recovery and redistribution. The dissertation further illuminates the role of midcentury policymaking in popularizing what became neoliberal practices after 1980, most importantly those of state decentralization, gentrification, and public-private partnership. Finally, midcentury social programs provide a context in which to study the emergence of economics as an independent discipline in Latin America, economists' strategies of social ascent, and the popularization of economic reasoning as a persuasive form of public argument. The project is a social history of economic thought, in which reform projects and the conflicts surrounding them provide the context for studying ideas. It is simultaneously a transnational history of social policy, exposing lines of mutual influence between the United States and Latin America.

My dissertation concerns peasant resistance to transnational gold mines in Cajamarca, Peru. This resistance is founded on people's experiences as expressed in songs, stories, jokes, dreams and direct political actions in the face of tremendous repression. Peasant experience itself is a powerful spiritual weapon in the lucha. Through immersion in the struggle, I wish to give a glimpse of the peasants’ lives as they confront environmental catastrophe. My work seeks to represent this resistance movement from the inside, as much as is possible. It is heart wrenching to hear a woman sing a song about how she lost her son to the police mercenaries. These moments of communion reveal the spirit of the struggle and forge the bonds which energize the resistance movement. Threatened by the death of the Earth, there is now a resurgence in consciousness of the Pacha Mama ("Earth Mother" in Quechua) which I believe to be the latest manifestation of Andean messianism, the idea that the Inca and Andean gods will return to cast out the Spanish and redeem history.

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Journalism and Media Studies Centre / Master / Master of Journalism