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This diploma thesis deals with poultry meat and poultry meat products. In the introduction is outlined the consumption of meat in developed and less-developed countries and the goal of this work. The second chapter is about the history of meat and meat products processing, the development of the consumption of poultry meat in our country and the world. It is described the composition of poultry meat and its basic components. In the third chapter are written the types of poultry and shortly described their fattening. Processing of meat products, meat production and food safety. The practical part of the diploma work is in the form of a questionnaire and deals with the attitude of consumers to poultry meat and poultry meat products. The research made this form was divided into stages: - preparation and plan of the questionnaire - publication - processing - evaluation of questionnaires The end of this work is about how important is poultry meat, its perspective in human diet in the future and shortly summarized results of research.

The aim of this study was to examine whether Gram-positive cocci isolated from processed poultry in Western Australia provided a potential risk for the transfer of antimicrobial-resistant organisms to humans via commercially prepared ready-to-eat chicken. Research in this study was conducted in three phases: the characterisation of Gram-positive cocci isolated from poultry, an assessment of the isolates' thermal tolerance and the development of a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) based food-safety program. In the first phase of the study, three specific objectives were investigated. The first determined the presence of Gram-positive cocci on poultry and on processing equipment from poultry-processing plants. The findings confirm the presence of staphylococci and enterococci on incoming live and slaughtered birds and processed carcasses. The data also indicate that carcasses probably become cross-contaminated during processing, when these bacteria are present on the incoming live birds and equipment. The second objective was to characterise staphylococcal isolates by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and chromosomal and plasmid DNA analysis. The susceptibility of isolates to antimicrobial agents was tested by the disk diffusion method according to the NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) guidelines. Isolates were typed by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis of SmaI digested chromosomal DNA, and plasmids were isolated by the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method. Approximately 37% of Staphylococcus aureus and 16% of coagulase-negative staphylococcal (CNS) isolates were resistant to six or more of the antimicrobial agents tested. Many isolates exhibited resistance to antibiotics that are commonly used in human medicine and registered for veterinary use in Australia. / Among the S. aureus isolates there were twenty-four epidemiologically unrelated SmaI CHEF groups. All staphylococcal isolates, except three CNS, were found to harbour from one to seven plasmids. Some staphylococcal isolates with epidemiologically related CHEF patterns had similar plasmid profiles and resistance patterns. The third objective was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococci isolates to the glycopeptide antibiotics. The isolation of two vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis isolates is the first report of VRE outside the health-care setting in Western Australia. Additionally the detection of the vanA gene in an E. gallinarum isolate, a motile enterococcus, has potentially important implications for infection control practices in hospitals. In the second phase of the study, three specific objectives were established to investigate the practical implications of these findings for the chicken industry. The first objective of this phase of the study was to determine the thermal tolerance (D and Z-values) of antimicrobial-resistant, Gram-positive cocci in ground chicken meat. The results indicate that these isolates do not exhibit enhanced thermal-resistance characteristics compared to antimicrobial-susceptible bacteria. The second objective established the internal time-temperature profiles for cooking commercially prepared chicken and estimated the process lethality (F-values). / From three cooking trials, it was confirmed that the internal temperature of at least 70°C was achieved for at least thirty-eight minutes. The third objective of this phase assessed the effectiveness of the thermal process in reducing the risk of the transfer of antimicrobial-resistant cocci via the food chain. The data confirm that the lethal effect (F-values) of the thermal process destroyed these antimicrobial-resistant cocci in commercially prepared ready-to-eat chicken. In the third phase of the study, the data obtained in the earlier parts of the study was incorporated into a model food-safety program for a fast-food chicken chain. The model was based upon the internationally accepted HACCP system, adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. Mindful that the thermal-process step represents only one critical control point in the safe preparation of chicken, this preventative approach ensures that all hazards are controlled at every other step of the process. The data suggest that antimicrobial-resistant, Gram-positive cocci will be present on some ready-to-cook poultry meat processed in Western Australia. This creates opportunities for the potential spread of resistant strains or resistance genes to humans via the food chain. The information from this study will be useful in providing background data and direction for future planning in preventing antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from poultry meat being transmitted through the food chain. The full implementation of the HACCP program would offer substantial benefits and protection to consumers.

The study has defined the position with regard to existing and evolving United Kingdom (UK) and European Union (EU) legislation, world trade agreements and institutions, global trade in chicken meat and market Quality Assurance (QA) standards in a series of peer-reviewed published papers and working papers. The development of global food supply chains can be a key driver in the harmonisation of international legislation, product and private assurance standards. Indeed compliance with legislation and retailer requirements has been a key market driver in the development of private assurance standards. The key objectives of the research were to examine current assurance schemes within the integrated poultry meat supply chain and the influence of regulation and external market drivers within the integrated poultry meat supply chain; develop and test a QA model for the poultry meat supply chain with a view to both baseline and higher level standards including the development of a business benchmarking system utilising a pre-requisite programme (PRP) and key performance indicators (KPI); and to assess the ability of the QA model to deliver regulatory and policy compliance whilst meeting varied business and market needs for an internationally traded product. This study has shown that a QA model is capable of providing a framework within which the poultry meat supply chain can operate. The legislative and performance requirements have been translated into quantifiable performance indicators which can be used to measure supply chain performance. This can assist differentiation of products at the point of consumption and give a quantifiable measure of the extrinsic value that has been added. This approach will therefore aid the communication of the benefits of differing methods of poultry meat production and afford the consumer the opportunity to make a more informed choice when purchasing meat products.

A indústria de frangos brasileira, representa um importante gerador de divisas e empregos, e tem-se destacado no cenário internacional altamente competitivo, e com fortes barreiras de entrada, sejam elas de natureza econômica, sanitárias, ou econômicas disfarçadas por uma justificativa sanitária. O excelente desempenho do setor, justifica-se pelos diversos fatores, sejam eles de natureza econômica, geográfica, e pela competência das principais empresas do setor. Neste sentido, é que o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as principais estratégias adotadas pelas duas maiores empresas brasileiras exportadoras de carne de frango, líderes no setor. Após análise de diversos relatórios setoriais, materiais institucionais das próprias empresas, e consultas à diversos artigos sobre o setor, realizou-se um breve questionário com o objetivo de identificar as principais estratégias destas empresas, além de possíveis ferramentas de análise estratégica utilizadas. Verificou-se que as estratégias gerais das empresas baseiam-se na diversificação de produtos para atender a novos mercados. Para isso torna-se necessário o investimento em inovação, como objetivo de desenvolvimento de produtos de maior valor agregado. Além disso somente uma das empresas analisadas utiliza-se de ferramentas formais de análise estratégica, mais conhecidas pela literatura acadêmica. / The Brazilian poultry meat industry represents an important exchange value and employments maker, and has been detached it in the international market, high competitive, and with strong entry barriers, being them from economics nature, sanitary, or economics disguised by one sanitary justification. The sector excellent performance, justifies it for the different factors being from economic nature, geographic nature, and for the competence of mayor industry companies. In this sense, the present study has the objective to analysis the main strategies adopted by the big two poultry meat Brazilian exporters companies, leaders in industry. After to analysis various industry reports, institutional material of the companies, and consulting different articles about the industry, a brief questioner was prepared, with the intend to identify the main strategies of this companies, besides possible strategies analysis tools used. Find out that the companies general strategies, relies in the products diversification to attend new markets. For that, it makes necessary investment in innovation, with the objective to develop products with high aggregate value. Besides, only one of the companies analyzed, uses strategic analysis formal tools, most known in the academic literature.

Tyrimo tikslas – disertaciniame darbe suplanuotų atlikti tyrimų tikslas buvo įvertinti broilerių pulkų ir mažmeninėje prekyboje parduodamos paukštienos (broilerių sparnelių ir blauzdelių) užkrėstumo kampilobakterijomis sąsajas su žmonių susirgimais kampilobakterioze bei kampilobakterijų atsparumą antimikrobinėms medžiagoms Lietuvoje. Darbo tikslui pasiekti buvo atlikti tyrimai pagal šiuos numatytus uždavinius: 1. Nustatyti broilerių pulkų ir šviežios paukštienos produktų – sparnelių ir blauzdelių užkrėstumą kampilobakterijomis. 2. Įvertinti sąsajas tarp kampilobakterijų paplitimo paukštienos gamybos grandinėje ir žmonių susirgimų kampilobakterioze atsižvelgiant į išskirtų kampilobakterijų padermių genetinius panašumus ar skirtumus. 3. Palyginti iš skirtingų šaltinių išskirtų kampilobakterijų padermių atsparumą antimikrobinėms medžiagoms. 4. Įvertinti broilerių užsikrėtimo intensyvumo kampilobakterijomis įtaką galimam skerdenėlių užkrėstumui skerdimo metu. Tyrimai, kurių metu buvo išskiriamos kampilobakterijos iš broilerių pulkų, paukštienos produktų, bei žmonių klinikinių išmatų mėginių, atlikti vienerių metų (2009–2010) laikotarpiu. Tyrimų metu buvo įvertintas broilerių pulkų bei prekybos vietose parduodamų paukštienos produktų užkrėstumas kampilobakterijomis bei atliktas C. coli ir C. jejuni padermių, išskirtų iš broilerių pulkų, paukštienos produktų ir žmonių išmatų mėginių, genetinis charakterizavimas taikant RFIP metodą. Tokie tyrimai Lietuvoje atlikti pirmą kartą ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study: the aim of the research was to estimate the level of contamination with Campylobacter spp., of poultry meat sold at retail (broiler wings and drumsticks) in connection with human campylobacteriosis cases in Lithuania, as well as antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacters isolated from both sources. To achieve the aim, research under the followings objectives has been carried out: 1. To evaluate the rate of contamination with Campylobacter spp. of broiler flocks and poultry products – wings and drumsticks. 2. To estimate the links between prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat production chain and human cases of campylobacteriosis with regard to genetic diversity of Campylobacter spp. isolates. 3. To compare the antimicrobial resistance of Campilobacter spp. strains isolated from poultry meat production chain and human campylobacteriosis cases. 4. To evaluate the influence of quantitative load of Campylobacter spp. in broilers gastrointestinal tract to likely contamination of broiler carcasses during processing. The research, at which Campylobacter spp. were isolated from broiler flocks, poultry products and human stool samples, was conducted in a period of one year (2009–2010). With this study we evaluated the contamination of broiler flocks and poultry meat sold at retail with Campylobacter spp., genetic characterisation of C. coli and C. jejuni isolates from broiler flocks, poultry meat and human stool samples was made using the RFLP method... [to full text]

Išanalizuota įvairių seleno formų, kiekio bei įvairios vitamino E koncentracijos viščiukų broilerių lesaluose įtaka gliutationo peroksidazei, skydliaukės hormonų trijodtironino ir tiroksino, albuminų, globulinų kiekiui kraujyje, aklosios žarnos chimuso bakterinių fermentų aktyvumams, trumpųjų grandinių riebalų rūgščių kiekiui aklojoje žarnoje, skerdenos morfologinei sudėčiai, seleno, α-tokoferolio ir γ-tokoferolio, malondialdehidų, riebalų rūgščių koncentracijai viščiukų broilerių krūtinės ir šlaunelių raumenyse, juslinėms bei tekstūrinėms savybėms. Ištirtas malonildialdehidų koncentracijos kitimas broilerių krūtinės raumenyse skirtingais paukštienos sandėliavimo laikotarpiais. / The effect of selenium in various forms and amounts, as well as the effect of various vitamin E concentrations in broiler chickens’ feeds on glutathion peroxidase, thyroid hormone triiodothyronine and thyroxine, amounts of albumins, globulins in blood, bacterial enzymatic activities, the amount of short chain fatty acids in caecum chymus, carcass morphological structure, selenium concentration, α-tocopherol, γ- tocopherol, malondialdehydes, concentration of fatty acids in the breast and thigh muscles of broilers, sensory and textural traits was examined. The change of malondialdehydes’ concentration in breast muscles of broilers at different periods of poultry meat storage was investigated.

SOUZA, Germana Conrado de. Detecção de betalactamases de espectro expandido (ESBL) em cepas de coliformes isoladas de carne de frango comercializada na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. 2007. 118 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Curso de Mestrado em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Fortaleza-CE, 2007 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-06-08T12:16:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_gcsouza.pdf: 591918 bytes, checksum: d21477fb14b177c756c5c364cea58315 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-06-08T12:16:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_gcsouza.pdf: 591918 bytes, checksum: d21477fb14b177c756c5c364cea58315 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-08T12:16:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_gcsouza.pdf: 591918 bytes, checksum: d21477fb14b177c756c5c364cea58315 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / The poultry processing industry depends on the biosafety and quality of the products offered to the population, and is the cheapest and more affordable source of proteins. The intensive production process of poultry products requires constant microbiological controls. This study was aimed to assess the microbiological conditions of this product and to perform an antimicrobial susceptibility test and the screening of ESBL-producing bacteria on the strains isolated from the collected samples. Between April and November 2006, 80 samples of fresh and freezed poultry meat marketed in the city of Fortaleza were collected. The microbiological protocol included an aerobic mesophile bacterial count, and the determination of the coliform MPN at 35oC and 45oC, according to the ANVISA (National Sanitary Surveillance Agency) resolution RDC 12 of January 02, 2001. The susceptibility test was carried out according to the disk diffusion technique (KIRBY-BAUER), and the screening for ESBL-producing strains was performed by CLSI. The used antibiotics were amikacine (30µg), ampicillin (10µg), ciprofloxacin (5µg), ceftazidime (30µg), streptomycin (10µg), doxycycline (30µg), gentamicin (10µg), imipenem (10µg), sulphonamide (300µg) and sulfamethoxazol/trimetroprim (25µg). The mesophile bacterial count in the 80 tested strains ranged from <1.0 x 10 CFU/g to 6.3 x 10 CFU/g. 34 (43%) of the samples were positive for coliforms at 35oC and 17 (21%) for coliforms at 45oC. In the 11 E. coli strains, the highest resistance was found against doxycycline (91%), while 27% of the strains were 100% sensitive to amikacin, gentamicin and imipenem. Within the 22 Klebsiella pneumonia isolated strains, the highest resistance was against ampicillin (94.5%), with the highest sensitivity to gentamicin, sulfamethoxazol/trimetroprim and amikacin (94.5%, 94.5%, and 90%, respectively). Of the 19 Enterobacter aerogenes strains, 90.1% were resistant to ampicillin and 95.4% showed to be sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Of the 11 strains of Escherichia coli, 22 of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 19 of Enterobacter aerogenes, only 4, 9 and 5 strains, respectively, showed to have an ESBL-producing phenotype, and only 3 (33%) of the K. pneumoniae strains and 3 (60%) of the E. aerogenes strains were confirmed as being ESBL producers. We verified the poultry meat to be microbiologically flawed, as shown by the high number of mesophile aerobic bacteria and coliforms grown at 35oC and at 45oC, being a warning sign for the occurrence of DTA, even by microorganisms resistant to multipleantibiotics and ESBL producers. The implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system involving all the processing stages can be an effective measure in order to improve the quality and safety of this product. / A cadeia produtiva do frango de corte depende da biossegurança e da qualidade dos produtos que são ofertados à população, visto ser essa a fonte de proteína mais acessível e barata. O intenso processamento de produtos avícolas necessita de constantes averiguações a respeito da sua qualidade microbiológica. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as condições microbiológicas e de realizar o teste de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana e detecção de bactérias produtoras de ESBL das cepas de microrganismos isoladas das amostras coletadas. No período de abril a novembro de 2006 foram coletadas 80 amostras de carne de frango resfriada e congelada comercializada na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. O protocolo microbiológico incluiu a contagem de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, determinação do NMP de coliformes a 35°C e a 45°C, de acordo com a RDC n° 12 de 02 de janeiro de 2001 da ANVISA. Para o teste de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos foi utilizada a técnica de difusão em placas segundo KIRBY-BAUER e CLSI, para detecção de cepas produtoras de ESBL. Os antibióticos usados foram: amicacina (30µg), ampicilina (10µg), ciprofloxacina (05µg), ceftazidima (30µg), estreptomicina (10µg), doxiciclina (30µg), gentamicina (10µg), imipenem (10µg), sulfonamida (300µg) e sulfametoxazol/trimetroprim (25µg). Das 80 amostras analisadas, a contagem de mesófilos variou de <1,0 x 10 UFC/g a 6,3 x 105 UFC/g, 34 (43%) das amostras foram positivas para coliformes a 35°C e 17 (21%) para coliformes a 45°C. Quanto ao teste de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana, o maior percentual de resistência encontrado nas 11 cepas de Escherichia coli foi à doxiciclina (91%); 27% das cepas foram 100% sensíveis a amicacina, gentamicina e imipenem. Das 22 cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae isoladas, a maior resistência foi à ampicilina (94,5%); maior sensibilidade a gentamicina, sulfametoxazol/trimetroprim e amicacina, 94,5%, 94,5% e 90%, respectivamente. Das 19 cepas de Enterobacter aerogenes, 90,1% foram resistentes a ampicilina e 95,4% apresentaram sensibilidade a ciprofloxacina. Das 11 cepas de Escherichia coli, 22 de Klebsiella pneumoniae e 19 de Enterobacter aerogenes, apenas 4, 9 e 5 cepas apresentaram o fenótipo produtor de ESBL, respectivamente, e destas somente 3 (33%) das cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae e 3 (60%) das cepas de Enterobacter aerogenes foram confirmadas como produtoras de ESBL. Foi possível constatar que a carne de frango apresentaram falhas em relação a qualidade microbiológica, como demonstrado pela presença de elevado número de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, coliformes a 35°C e coliformes a 45°C, sinalizando para o risco potencial de ocorrência de DTA, inclusive por microrganismos multi-resistentes à antimicrobianos e produtores de ESBL. A implementação de um sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC), envolvendo todas as etapas do processamento, pode constituir uma medida eficaz para a melhoria da qualidade e segurança do produto

A indústria de frangos brasileira, representa um importante gerador de divisas e empregos, e tem-se destacado no cenário internacional altamente competitivo, e com fortes barreiras de entrada, sejam elas de natureza econômica, sanitárias, ou econômicas disfarçadas por uma justificativa sanitária. O excelente desempenho do setor, justifica-se pelos diversos fatores, sejam eles de natureza econômica, geográfica, e pela competência das principais empresas do setor. Neste sentido, é que o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as principais estratégias adotadas pelas duas maiores empresas brasileiras exportadoras de carne de frango, líderes no setor. Após análise de diversos relatórios setoriais, materiais institucionais das próprias empresas, e consultas à diversos artigos sobre o setor, realizou-se um breve questionário com o objetivo de identificar as principais estratégias destas empresas, além de possíveis ferramentas de análise estratégica utilizadas. Verificou-se que as estratégias gerais das empresas baseiam-se na diversificação de produtos para atender a novos mercados. Para isso torna-se necessário o investimento em inovação, como objetivo de desenvolvimento de produtos de maior valor agregado. Além disso somente uma das empresas analisadas utiliza-se de ferramentas formais de análise estratégica, mais conhecidas pela literatura acadêmica. / The Brazilian poultry meat industry represents an important exchange value and employments maker, and has been detached it in the international market, high competitive, and with strong entry barriers, being them from economics nature, sanitary, or economics disguised by one sanitary justification. The sector excellent performance, justifies it for the different factors being from economic nature, geographic nature, and for the competence of mayor industry companies. In this sense, the present study has the objective to analysis the main strategies adopted by the big two poultry meat Brazilian exporters companies, leaders in industry. After to analysis various industry reports, institutional material of the companies, and consulting different articles about the industry, a brief questioner was prepared, with the intend to identify the main strategies of this companies, besides possible strategies analysis tools used. Find out that the companies general strategies, relies in the products diversification to attend new markets. For that, it makes necessary investment in innovation, with the objective to develop products with high aggregate value. Besides, only one of the companies analyzed, uses strategic analysis formal tools, most known in the academic literature.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / A cadeia produtiva do frango de corte depende da biosseguranÃa e da qualidade dos produtos que sÃo ofertados à populaÃÃo, visto ser essa a fonte de proteÃna mais acessÃvel e barata. O intenso processamento de produtos avÃcolas necessita de constantes averiguaÃÃes a respeito da sua qualidade microbiolÃgica. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as condiÃÃes microbiolÃgicas e de realizar o teste de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana e detecÃÃo de bactÃrias produtoras de ESBL das cepas de microrganismos isoladas das amostras coletadas. No perÃodo de abril a novembro de 2006 foram coletadas 80 amostras de carne de frango resfriada e congelada comercializada na cidade de Fortaleza, CearÃ. O protocolo microbiolÃgico incluiu a contagem de bactÃrias aerÃbias mesÃfilas, determinaÃÃo do NMP de coliformes a 35ÂC e a 45ÂC, de acordo com a RDC n 12 de 02 de janeiro de 2001 da ANVISA. Para o teste de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos foi utilizada a tÃcnica de difusÃo em placas segundo KIRBY-BAUER e CLSI, para detecÃÃo de cepas produtoras de ESBL. Os antibiÃticos usados foram: amicacina (30Âg), ampicilina (10Âg), ciprofloxacina (05Âg), ceftazidima (30Âg), estreptomicina (10Âg), doxiciclina (30Âg), gentamicina (10Âg), imipenem (10Âg), sulfonamida (300Âg) e sulfametoxazol/trimetroprim (25Âg). Das 80 amostras analisadas, a contagem de mesÃfilos variou de <1,0 x 10 UFC/g a 6,3 x 105 UFC/g, 34 (43%) das amostras foram positivas para coliformes a 35ÂC e 17 (21%) para coliformes a 45ÂC. Quanto ao teste de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana, o maior percentual de resistÃncia encontrado nas 11 cepas de Escherichia coli foi à doxiciclina (91%); 27% das cepas foram 100% sensÃveis a amicacina, gentamicina e imipenem. Das 22 cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae isoladas, a maior resistÃncia foi à ampicilina (94,5%); maior sensibilidade a gentamicina, sulfametoxazol/trimetroprim e amicacina, 94,5%, 94,5% e 90%, respectivamente. Das 19 cepas de Enterobacter aerogenes, 90,1% foram resistentes a ampicilina e 95,4% apresentaram sensibilidade a ciprofloxacina. Das 11 cepas de Escherichia coli, 22 de Klebsiella pneumoniae e 19 de Enterobacter aerogenes, apenas 4, 9 e 5 cepas apresentaram o fenÃtipo produtor de ESBL, respectivamente, e destas somente 3 (33%) das cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae e 3 (60%) das cepas de Enterobacter aerogenes foram confirmadas como produtoras de ESBL. Foi possÃvel constatar que a carne de frango apresentaram falhas em relaÃÃo a qualidade microbiolÃgica, como demonstrado pela presenÃa de elevado nÃmero de bactÃrias aerÃbias mesÃfilas, coliformes a 35ÂC e coliformes a 45ÂC, sinalizando para o risco potencial de ocorrÃncia de DTA, inclusive por microrganismos multi-resistentes à antimicrobianos e produtores de ESBL. A implementaÃÃo de um sistema de AnÃlise de Perigos e Pontos CrÃticos de Controle (APPCC), envolvendo todas as etapas do processamento, pode constituir uma medida eficaz para a melhoria da qualidade e seguranÃa do produto / The poultry processing industry depends on the biosafety and quality of the products offered to the population, and is the cheapest and more affordable source of proteins. The intensive production process of poultry products requires constant microbiological controls. This study was aimed to assess the microbiological conditions of this product and to perform an antimicrobial susceptibility test and the screening of ESBL-producing bacteria on the strains isolated from the collected samples. Between April and November 2006, 80 samples of fresh and freezed poultry meat marketed in the city of Fortaleza were collected. The microbiological protocol included an aerobic mesophile bacterial count, and the determination of the coliform MPN at 35oC and 45oC, according to the ANVISA (National Sanitary Surveillance Agency) resolution RDC 12 of January 02, 2001. The susceptibility test was carried out according to the disk diffusion technique (KIRBY-BAUER), and the screening for ESBL-producing strains was performed by CLSI. The used antibiotics were amikacine (30Âg), ampicillin (10Âg), ciprofloxacin (5Âg), ceftazidime (30Âg), streptomycin (10Âg), doxycycline (30Âg), gentamicin (10Âg), imipenem (10Âg), sulphonamide (300Âg) and sulfamethoxazol/trimetroprim (25Âg). The mesophile bacterial count in the 80 tested strains ranged from <1.0 x 10 CFU/g to 6.3 x 10 CFU/g. 34 (43%) of the samples were positive for coliforms at 35oC and 17 (21%) for coliforms at 45oC. In the 11 E. coli strains, the highest resistance was found against doxycycline (91%), while 27% of the strains were 100% sensitive to amikacin, gentamicin and imipenem. Within the 22 Klebsiella pneumonia isolated strains, the highest resistance was against ampicillin (94.5%), with the highest sensitivity to gentamicin, sulfamethoxazol/trimetroprim and amikacin (94.5%, 94.5%, and 90%, respectively). Of the 19 Enterobacter aerogenes strains, 90.1% were resistant to ampicillin and 95.4% showed to be sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Of the 11 strains of Escherichia coli, 22 of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 19 of Enterobacter aerogenes, only 4, 9 and 5 strains, respectively, showed to have an ESBL-producing phenotype, and only 3 (33%) of the K. pneumoniae strains and 3 (60%) of the E. aerogenes strains were confirmed as being ESBL producers. We verified the poultry meat to be microbiologically flawed, as shown by the high number of mesophile aerobic bacteria and coliforms grown at 35oC and at 45oC, being a warning sign for the occurrence of DTA, even by microorganisms resistant to multipleantibiotics and ESBL producers. The implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system involving all the processing stages can be an effective measure in order to improve the quality and safety of this product.