Diplomová práce se zabývá aplikací principů business dynamiky na komplexní systémy, jakým je například podnik. V tomto konkrétním případě se jedná o podnik MALPRO spol. s r. o. Na základě principů business dynamiky, což je vědní obor zabývající se poznáváním komplexních systémů a jejich chování v čase, je popsána tvorba modelu a uživatelského rozhraní, jejichž pomocí lze simulovat různé situace, zhodnotit jejich požadavky na materiální, lidskou a finanční náročnost výroby a vidět celkový dopad nákladů na kalkulační jednici výkonu. Oblastí zájmu je výrobní část firmy, proto je část práce zaměřeno na podnikovou ekonomiku a její metody. Dále je analyzován informační systém a možnost napojení manažerského simulátoru na manažerské aplikace, které modelům a simulátorům dodávají informace pro rozhodování.

A thesis deals with simulation modeling. After opening theoretic information about models, discrete and continuous simulations, computer technologies for systems modeling and individual phases of simulation process, there follows a case study, which demonstrates using of three software products for simulation modeling -- SIMUL8, Simprocess and Powersim Studio. Created models, experiments with them and given results, including well-arranged tabular comparison of mentioned computer programs according to defined criteria, point out strengths and weaknesses of each software. Simultaneously, data for selection of an appropriate program are presented, depending on a sphere type, which is simulation modeling to be applied on.

Darbo tikslas - sukurti gamybinių procesų modelį bei optimizuoti, atliekant eksperimentinius tyrimus, produkcijos savikainos nustatymą. Siekiant užsibrėžto tikslo, yra sprendžiami tokie uždaviniai: • Išanalizuoti veiklos modeliavimo naudą įmonės veiklos planavimui; • Atlikti veiklos procesų modeliavimo programinės įrangos analizę; • Sudaryti įmonės gamybinių procesų modelį; • Optimizuoti gamybinės įmonės produkcijos savikainos nustatymą. Darbo metodai: mokslinio pažinimo metodas, kuris padėjo suprasti ir pagrindinius veiklos procesų modeliavimo aspektus, analizės ir sintezės metodai, aprašymo ir aiškinimo, palyginimo ir dedukcijos. Atlikta veiklos modeliavimo, modeliavimo programinės įrangos bei gamybos procesų analizė. Naudojant veiklos modeliavimo metodus ir įrankius sukurtas gamybinių procesų modelis, kuriame panaudotas optimizavimo algoritmas. Darbo apimtis - 58 puslapiai. Sukurta 10 lentelių ir 24 paveikslai. / The aim of the work is to create the production proceses model and optimize produce cost evaluation by experimental analysis. To achieve the aims the following objectives were identified: 1. To analyse business modeling benefit for enterprise business planning; 2. To perform business modeling software analysis; 3. To design production proceses model; 4. To optimize production enterprise produce cost evaluation. Work methods: scientific cognitive method that helped to understand the main aspects of process modeling, methods of analysis and synthesis, description and explanation, comparison and deductive . Performed business modeling, modeling software and production process analysis. By using methods and tools of activity modeling, the production process model was designed and optimization algorithm was used. The size of the work - 58 pages. 10 tables and 24 pictures have been designed.

Diplomová práce se zabývá tématem manažerských simulátorů. Je rozdělena na dvě části. První, teoretická pojednává o teoretickém pozadí manažerských simulátorů. Druhá, praktická, se zabývá testováním dvou simulátorů: StartCom a DealSale.

This thesis is dealing with using of simulation modeling as a support for decision making in different control level. Theoretic analysis of that problem covers and summarized information about modeling and simulation as well as importance of knowledge of simulation models and systems for decision making provision. Case study which illustrates possibilities using of Arena simulation software for needs decision making on operative control level and a software product Powersim Studio for needs higher control levels is a part of this thesis. Simulations were performed with particular software models and their results were summarized and evaluated by a selecting method of specific variant of solution.

В данной работе изучены ИТ-технологии в ресторанном бизнесе, изучены виды и особенности электронных меню, представленных на рынке, сравнены их функционалы, построена полная модель ресторана «Дубровин», проанализированы существующие бизнес-процессы на рассматриваемом предприятии, построены модели as-is, to-be, разработан календарный план-график внедрения электронного меню, построена системно-динамическую модель обслуживания гостей в ресторане, оценена экономическая эффективность внедрения электронного меню. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в возможности применения спроектированного электронного меню в качестве эффективного инструмента автоматизации заказов в ресторане. / In this master's thesis, IT technologies in the restaurant business were studied, the types and features of electronic menus presented on the market were studied, their functionals were compared, the full model of the Dubrovin restaurant was built, existing business processes at the enterprise under consideration were analyzed, models as-is, to –be were built, a calendar schedule for introducing an e-menu has been developed, a system-dynamic model of serving guests in a restaurant has been built, and the economic efficiency of introducing an e-menu has been evaluated. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the designed electronic menu as an effective tool for automating orders in a restaurant.

Požadavek na využití simulačních metod v rozhodovacích situacích při řízení ekonomických procesů je opakovaným požadavkem efektivnější přípravy školených manažerských týmů na různých úrovních řízení. Simulační technologie dnes výrazně ovlivňují schopnosti i možnosti kvalitního plánování i řízení těchto procesů. Současný vývoj informačních technologií umožňuje věrohodně simulovat průběh i výsledky zmíněných ekonomických procesů. Samotná simulace nenahrazuje praktickou činnost, ale značně ji zkvalitňuje a zintenzivňuje. Důkazem toho je propracovaný systém přípravy manažerských týmů různého stupně v hierarchii řízení společností na britských univerzitách, který je výsledkem kombinace nácviku praktické činnosti při řízení reálných rozhodovacích situací a simulací této činnosti na některém v diplomové práci uvedených simulátorů (virtuální simulace) a nácviku praktické rozhodovací činnosti týmu rozhodovatelů s podporou simulace (konstruktivní simulace). Předkládaná diplomová práce reaguje na některé z podstatných a aktuálních otázek možného využití simulačních technologií v pedagogickém procesu.

Earth’s population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050. Ensuring food security for the growing world population is one of today’s society’s major challenges and responsibilities. Aquatic products have the potential to contribute significantly in the growing population’s dietary requirements. Since increasing the pressure on most natural fish stocks is now widely agreed not to be an option, the aquaculture sector needs to grow. The challenge is to increase aquaculture production without depleting natural resources or damaging the environment but also in a financially sustainable way. Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is one method of sustainable aquatic production. Integrating bioremediatory organisms that extract particulate organic matter or dissolved inorganic nutrients with monocultures of fed species has the potential of reducing the particulate and soluble waste loads from effluents, whilst producing a low-input protein source that may also increase the farm income. IMTA is a viable solution for mitigating the environmental impact of waste released from fish farms. The fish waste is exploited as a food source for lower trophic, extractive organisms giving an added value to the investment in feed. Studies up to now have shown that under experimental conditions as well as in small-scale commercial studies, various filter-feeding, deposit-feeding and grazing species can ingest fish waste particles. The aim now is to achieve IMTA optimization, where extractive organisms can ingest most of the finfish waste food and excretions. Any such design is likely to be complex incorporating a multidisciplinary approach, and therefore to date a reason why most studies have failed to prove the environmental and economic benefits of IMTA. Consequently, the aim of this study is to develop ways of selecting an ideal combination of species for a specific locality, manage the cultures in a way that ensures the maximum nutrient recycling feasible per unit of area; and ensure high growth rate of the extractive organisms while being financially beneficial. The approach taken was a combination of investigative literature reviews, computer modelling work and small-scale growth trials to determine the relative growth of extractive organisms fed fishfeed and waste, followed by the development of a systems-based model of interaction and growth efficiency for combinations of organisms within an IMTA system. This study starts by investigating, with small-scale laboratory experiments, the potential of two organic extractive species, the lugworm, Arenicola marina and the sea urchin, Psammechinus miliaris, as organic extractive components of IMTA systems. Their ability to consume and assimilate salmon faeces was evaluated as well as their remediation efficiency. This was done by comparing the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content of the pellet-faeces mixture to that of the sea urchin faeces and sea urchin gonad content. Their growth, gonadosomatic index (GSI) (for the sea urchins), tissue carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous content were compared between seaweed diets and a diet consisting of a mixture of salmon faeces and feed pellets. The results showed statistically significant gonad carbon content for the sea urchins fed with faeces. Similarly, statistically significant higher phosphorous content was found in the tissues of the lugworms fed with the mixture of salmon faeces and pellets than in the lugworms of the other two groups. The subsequent and main phase of this study was the development of a model for optimising IMTA performance. The modelling process included model development, run, optimization and risk assessment. The IMTA model developed consisted of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and the macroalgae Ulva sp. It simulates the growth as well as the uptake and release of nitrogen by these organisms under environmental conditions of a hypothetical site on the west coast of Scotland. The aim of the model was to maximize the potential of IMTA in terms of productivity and to reduce the amount of nutrients that are released in the environment, and thus to contribute towards a more sustainable and productive form of aquaculture. The IMTA model developed can be re-parameterised to simulate the growth and nutrient uptake of different species and the growth and nutrient uptake under different environmental conditions. This capacity of the model was used in order to do a comparative study of the nitrogen bioremediation potential of three different invertebrate species, cultivated as part of an IMTA. These species were the lugworm (Arenicola marina), the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and the purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus). The results of this comparative study showed that weight for weight, M. edulis is more efficient in removing POM than P. lividus that is in turn better than A. marina with regard to the amount of nitrogen they can assimilate. But in terms of cultivation area required for the production of the same total biomass, P. lividus was better at removing POM followed by M. edulis and then by A. marina.

With the world’s population set to reach 9 billion by the mid 21st century food security has never been more important. Increased competition regarding land for agricultural use and over fished seas means it falls to aquaculture to meet the global demands for protein requirements. The largest supply of aquaculture products are cultivated in South East Asia where the industry has seen rapid expansion, particularly of pond production in the past 50 years. This initial expansion has come at a cost with mangrove losses and eutrophication of natural water sources resulting. The impact of these not only affects other stakeholders, including domestic users, but effects will be felt by the aquaculture industry. Indiscriminate release of effluents to the surrounding water reduces the water quality for other users and may impact on the farm discharging the water originally. Poor water quality can then result in poor growth rates and increased mortalities reducing the profitability of the farm and endangering the livelihood of the farmer. If aquaculture is to meet the global food demand it is important that current and future enterprises are developed with sustainability at the fore front. This study investigates the nutrient dynamics in pond culture in South East Asia, focussing initially on four countries outlined by the SEAT (Sustainable Ethical Aquaculture Trade) project, including Thailand, Vietnam, China and Bangladesh. Within the four countries the main species cultured for export were identified resulting in tilapia, shrimp, pangasiid catfish and prawn. Following a farmer survey designed to collect a large volume of data over a range of topics including, water management, social, economic and ethical perceptions, dynamic models were developed, using Powersim Studio 8© (Powersim, Norway), for a generic fish and shrimp ponds separately. The models draw on data from the survey combined with other literature sources to provide outputs for Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus in water and sediment as well as dissolved oxygen in the pond water. One of the biggest challenges facing this study was the objective selection of relevant sites for case studies to apply the models to. With such a large preselected set of sites (200 per species per country) it was important that the method be capable of handling such large datasets. Thusly it was decided that a multivariate method be used due to the removal of any pre judgement of the data relevant to the study. In order to investigate the nutrient dynamics water management data was used in the multivariate analysis to identify any similarity between the practices occurring on farms. The case studies in this project focus on Thailand and Vietnam, covering tilapia, shrimp and pangasius. Prawn farms were disregarded as, through the survey, it was discovered most production was for domestic trade. The models were adapted to each farm case study expanding the boundary from pond level to farm level, providing an output for each pond in terms of nutrients in the water and production levels and the farm as a whole for dissolved oxygen and sediment accumulation. The results of the models suggest the culture species to be taking up much of the TN added followed by the accumulation in sediments in shrimp ponds, while TP is mostly taken up by sediments. The fish case studies suggest that most of the TN is discharged to the environment followed by uptake. While Total phosphorus shows similar results to shrimp, accumulating in the sediment. The models presented in this study can be used to estimate outputs from farms of similar water management strategies and can assist in the determination of where improvements can be made to reduce the potential for eutrophication of natural water sources.