• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 7
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 12
  • 12
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Nimikesuojattujen ja laillistettujen ammattihenkilöiden työnjako yliopistosairaalan muuttuvassa toimintaympäristössä

Lavander, P. (Päivi) 10 October 2017 (has links)
Abstract The purpose of this study was to synthesize the existing evidence of working time use and division of labour among nurses and healthcare workers in hospitals. In addition, the purpose was to describe and analyse the interface between registered nurses’ and practical nurses’ work in adult hospital wards and to determine challenges and barriers related to the development of division of labour. The systematic review data consisting of 16 articles was analysed narratively. The quantitative data consisted of practical nurses’ (n = 121), registered nurses’ (n = 472) and nurse managers’ (n = 67) perceptions of practical nurses’ work activities which were analysed statistically. The qualitative data consisted of the above-mentioned groups’ perceptions (n = 260) of the challenges and barriers regarding the development of division of labour. All working groups spent less than half of their working time in direct care duties. Registered nurses spent one-fifth of their working time on documentation. All nurses also had a lot of non-nursing tasks. The quantitative data results revealed that practical nurses performed a wide range of tasks, but the groups’ perceptions of the content of the work differed significantly. The qualitative data showed that challenges and barriers in developing the division of labour were related to individual experiences and know-how and organisational factors. Both practical nurses and registered nurses should concentrate on the tasks they have competence on based on their training. Full expertise is used to benefit nursing work while non-nursing tasks should be delegated to lower educated staff. The role of nurse managers is to help to develop the division of labour and to influence the various challenges and barriers of division of labour. Nurse managers, education planners and health educators may utilise the results. They provide an evidence-based tool for competence development, resource planning and development of education. / Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvailla ja analysoida työnjakoa välittömään potilashoitoon osallistuvan hoitohenkilökunnan välillä. Lisäksi tarkoituksena oli kuvailla ja analysoida nimikesuojattujen ammattihenkilöiden ja laillistettujen ammattihenkilöiden työnjaon rajapintaa sekä työnjaon kehittämisen haasteita ja esteitä. Työnjaolla tarkoitetaan sitä tapaa, jolla toiminta ja tehtävät järjestetään tarkoituksenmukaisella tavalla hoidon kokonaisuuden ja eri ammattiryhmien välisen osaamisen näkökulmasta. Tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä vaiheessa tehtiin synteesi työnjakoon liittyvästä tutkimuksesta systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla. Tutkimusartikkelit (n = 16) analysoitiin narratiivisesti. Toisen vaiheen tutkimusaineisto sisälsi kyselylomakkeen avulla saatuja nimikesuojattujen ammattihenkilöiden (n = 121), laillistettujen ammattihenkilöiden (n = 472) sekä esimiesten (n = 67) tuottamia vastauksia sekä saman lomakkeen avoimeen kysymykseen tuotettuja vastauksia (n = 260). Aineistot analysoitiin tilastollisesti ja sisällönanalyysillä. Nimikkeestä riippumatta kaikki hoitajat käyttivät välittömään potilashoitoon alle puolet työajasta. Kirjaamiseen kului noin viidennes työajasta ja lisäksi kaikilla ammattiryhmillä oli paljon ei-hoidollisia tehtäviä. Laillistettujen ammattihenkilöiden ryhmä arvioi lähes säännönmukaisesti nimikesuojattujen tekevän kyselylomakkeessa mainittuja tehtäviä useammin ja esimiehet harvemmin kuin nimikesuojatut itse arvioivat. Ryhmien väliset erot olivat merkitseviä yli puolessa tehtävistä. Työnjaon kehittämisen haasteet ja esteet liittyivät yksilön kokemuksiin, yksilön tieto-taitoon ja organisaatioon liittyviin tekijöihin. Tavoitteena on, että työntekijäryhmät keskittyvät niihin tehtäviin, joihin ovat saaneet koulutuksen perusteella osaamisen. Koko osaaminen käytetään hyödyksi ja ei-hoidolliset tehtävät siirretään pois hoitotyöntekijöiltä. Hoitotyön johdon tehtävänä on edesauttaa työnjaon kehittämistä ja vaikuttaa erilaisilla interventioilla työnjaon esteisiin ja haasteisiin. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voivat hyödyntää hoitotyön johtajat, koulutuksen suunnittelijat ja terveysalan opettajat resurssien kohdentamisessa, muutosten johtamisessa ja läpiviemisessä sekä koulutuksen ja osaamisen kehittämisessä.
12

Registros de movimentos do pescoço: estado da arte, validação e aplicação e avaliação durante o trabalho de técnicos de enfermagem

Carnaz, Letícia 09 June 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:18:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3792.pdf: 3922165 bytes, checksum: 1533e03deedd086e3496ff42c87c7a3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-09 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Neck pain has been highly prevalent among workers. In occupational settings physical risk factors, especially posture, are considered fundamental in neck pain development. However, neck posture and movements have not been properly evaluated at workplace due to the use of not reliable measurement methods. Furthermore, most of the studies that evaluate posture during occupational activities have focused on the wrist and hand assessment. Thus, in order to contribute with information about neck movements recording in occupational settings, three related studies were developed. The aim of the first study was to investigate the applications and limitations of the systems for direct measurement of neck movement in the workplace. The results of this study showed that in most of the articles the three axes of neck movement were not simultaneously recorded. Deficiencies in available equipment explain this flaw, demonstrating that sensors and systems need to be improved so that a true understanding of real occupational exposure can be achieved. Further studies are also needed to assess neck movement in those who perform heavy‐duty work, such as nurses and electricians, since no report about such jobs was identified. Based on these results, an option to record three‐dimensional neck movements in occupational settings is the use of flexible electrogoniometers. But neither electrogoniometers, nor inclinometers (direct measurement most commonly used) were compared with a system considered more accurate and precise. Then, the objective of the second study was to assess concurrent validity between flexible electrogoniometers (EGM), inclinometers (INC) and a three‐dimensional analysis system based on video recording (IMG) in simultaneous and synchronized data collection. EGM presented high differences when compared with INC and IMG. Moreover, the EGM sensors physically restricted the full neck flexion‐extension range of motion. Inclinometers, which cannot record rotation movement, presented good concurrent validity in relation to IMG, except for flexion‐extension movement. Due to non‐optimal conditions during flexion‐extension movement, IMG underestimated these movements. The results of the studies described above designed the third study that aimed to quantify the head, upper back and upper arm postures of practical nurses while performing their occupational activities and to verify if there are differences between the postures of professionals with and without symptoms. The results showed that most of the activities of practical nurses involve considerable postural risk for the head, upper back and upper arms. The postural risk varied among tasks: there was more exposure for the neck region when separating medication and keeping medical records. In general, workers with symptoms in the neck and upper arm region presented greater amplitude of movement and a higher fraction of time spent in awkward postures than asymptomatic workers, but with no significant difference between these two groups. / A dor no pescoço tem sido altamente prevalece entre trabalhadores. Em ambiente ocupacional, fatores de risco físico, particularmente a postura, são considerados preponderantes no desenvolvimento de dor no pescoço. Contudo, as posturas e os movimentos dessa região não têm sido adequadamente avaliados no ambiente de trabalho, devido ao uso de métodos de medida não confiáveis. Além disso, a maioria dos estudos que avaliam a postura durante as atividades ocupacionais tem focado na avaliação do punho e da mão. Assim, para contribuir com o entendimento do registro dos movimentos do pescoço em ambiente de trabalho, três estudos foram desenvolvidos. O objetivo do primeiro estudo foi investigar as aplicações e limitações dos sistemas de medidas diretas para registro do movimento do pescoço em ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados desse estudo revelaram que na maioria dos artigos, os três eixos de movimento do pescoço não foram registrados simultaneamente. Deficiências nos equipamentos disponíveis explicam esta falha, demonstrando que os sensores e os sistemas precisam ser melhorados para que um entendimento da real exposição ocupacional do pescoço possa ser alcançado. Mais estudos também são necessários para avaliar os movimentos do pescoço em profissionais que realizam trabalho pesado, tais como enfermeiros e eletricistas, já que nenhum artigo avaliando essas ocupações foi identificado. Baseado nesses resultados, uma alternativa para o registro tridimensional dos movimentos do pescoço em ambiente ocupacional seria o uso de eletrogoniômetros flexíveis. Mas nem os eletrogoniômetros, nem os inclinômetros (medida direta mais comumente usada) foram comparados com um sistema considerado mais preciso e confiável. Assim, o objetivo do segundo estudo foi avaliar a validade concorrente entre eletrogoniômetros flexíveis (EGM), inclinômetros (INC) e um sistema de análise tridimensional baseado em registro de vídeo (IMG) numa coleta de dados simultânea e sincronizada. O EGM apresentou grandes diferenças quando comparado com o INC e com a IMG. Além disso, os sensores do EGM restringiram fisicamente a amplitude de movimento completa de flexo‐extensão do pescoço. Inclinômetros, os quais não podem registrar o movimento de rotação, apresentaram boa validade concorrente em relação à IMG, exceto para o movimento de flexo‐extensão. Devido a condições não‐ótimas durante o movimento de fluxo‐extensão, a IMG subestimou esses movimentos. Os resultados dos estudos descritos acima delinearam o terceiro estudo cujo objetivo foi quantificar as posturas da cabeça, tronco superior e braços de técnicos de enfermagem durante a realização de suas atividades ocupacionais e verificar se há diferenças entre as posturas dos profissionais com e sem sintomas. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria das atividades dos técnicos de enfermagem envolve considerável risco postural para a cabeça, tronco superior e braços. O risco postural variou entre as atividades: houve maior exposição para a região do pescoço nas tarefas de separar medicação e anotar em prontuário médico. Em geral, os trabalhadores com sintomas no pescoço e ombro apresentaram maior amplitude de movimento e maior fração do tempo gasto em posturas extremas do que os trabalhadores assintomáticos, mas sem diferença significativa entre esses dois grupos.

Page generated in 0.0514 seconds