The materials based on GaN have successfully developed on short-wavelength laser diodes (LDs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and ultraviolet photodetector. In this study, GaN epitaxial layers have been successfully grown on sapphire substrates. We used several methods including the pre-baking treatment for sapphire substrates before growing epilayer, the growth temperature of buffer layer and the growth temperature of GaN epilayer to study it. From the results of the photoluminescence (PL) measured at 77K, the X-Ray diffraction measurement, SEM cross sectional views to realize the characteristic and we get a better qualities of GaN epilayers after using the foregoing methods. In this study, the pre-baking treatment for sapphire substrates can influence the quality and morphology of GaN epilayers. According to the results of the experiments, we study the mechanisms of yellows luminescence and donor-acceptor pair (DAP).

No description available.

The purpose of this study has been to examine what approach and experience pedagogues at pre-schools, with a limited amount of nationalities, have regarding cultural promoting work in pre-schools. The concept ”cultural promoting” mainly regards the children's cultural backgrounds. The first question formulation focussed on the what the concepts ”cultural promoting” and ”cultural diversity” meant to the pedagogues. The second question focussed on the interpretation and knowledge of what the syllabus says about cultural promoting work.Earlier research has shown that there exists an insecurity among the pedagogues regarding how they should work in a culturally promoting way, however, Swedish research in this area is very limited. The method used in this study has been qualitative interviews and a total of six pedagogues from four different pre-schools have been interviewed. The result gave a varied view regarding what can be looked upon as cultural promoting work. All the pedagogues agreed that working with other native languages than Swedish was considered cultural promoting. The knowledge about the contents of the syllabus varied greatly among the pedagogues.The conclusion shows a positive attitude among the pedagogues towards cultural promoting work, however, they were insecure about how to shape, develop and perform the actual work, which can be linked back to their amount of knowledge about the syllabus.

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis--Bonn. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-169).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Erlangen.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Detroit, 1934. / "June 1934." Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-142).

Thesis--Bonn. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-169).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Virginia Commonwealth University, 2010. / Prepared for: Dept. of Physiology. Title from title-page of electronic thesis. Bibliography: leaves 118-146.